Öskjuvatn
| Öskjuvatn | ||
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| Öskjuvatn | ||
| Geographical location | Iceland | |
| Drain | none | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 65 ° 2 ′ 0 ″ N , 16 ° 45 ′ 0 ″ W | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 1050 m | |
| surface | 11 km² | |
| volume | 1.2 km³ | |
| Maximum depth | 220 m | |
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particularities |
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The Öskjuvatn (German: Calderensee ) is a lake in the Icelandic highlands . Its area is approx. 11 km². The depth of the lake is a maximum of 220 m.
location
The lake is located in the caldera of the Askja volcano in the northeast of Vatnajökull . Like the neighboring Víti crater, it was formed in a massive volcanic explosion in 1875 .
Emergence
In 1875 a new caldera had formed in the central volcano Askja when a magma chamber collapsed in a Plinian eruption .
It took no less than 32 years for the innermost and youngest caldera to fill up with water. So today's water level was reached in 1907.
The water level of the lake is still 50 m lower than the caldera floor and recent bathometric measurements have determined a water depth of 224 m.
Missing Germans
In the summer of 1907 two German men disappeared on the lake without a trace, the private lecturer Walther von Knebel and the painter Max Rudloff. The German fiancée von Knebel, Ina von Grumbkow , went looking for them a year later, but found no trace of the two. Both men could have been killed by a rockfall avalanche in the small boat they took out on the lake.
Ina von Grumbkow suggested naming the lake after Knebel and the caldera after Rudloff; this is what the only survivor of the expedition, the student Hans Spethmann, wrote in his later publications. The new names did not gain acceptance, the Icelandic name Öskjuvatn remained.
Landslide and tsunami 2014
On the night of July 23rd to 24th, 2014, a landslide occurred in which an approx. 1 km wide section of the crater wall came loose; an estimated 50 million m³ of rock slid off and triggered several 50 m high tsunamis , which even reached the neighboring crater lake Víti . Destabilization of the subsoil due to a strong thaw is suspected to be the trigger.
See also
literature
- Lutz Mohr : Ina von Grumbkow - just an adventurer? A woman from the Pomeranian aristocratic family on the search for traces in Iceland in the summer of 1908 . In: Die Pommersche Zeitung , volume 64, episode 38 of September 20, 2014, pp. 12-13
- Frank Schroeder : The Eisumschlungene. Searching for traces in Iceland. Eichstätt: LundiPress Verlag 1995, ISBN 3-980-1648-3-7
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thor Thordarson, Armann Hoskuldsson: Iceland. Classic Geology in Europe 3. Terra, Harpenden 2002, 176
- ↑ http://icelandreview.com/news/2014/07/23/askja-closed-due-huge-landslide (accessed on August 19, 2014)