Waste product
A waste product generally refers to a substance that is expected to be produced in a conversion process and does not represent any further use in the sense of the process. Waste products usually have to be removed in a disposal process, but they can also become the source of a new product to be used ( recycling ). They are to be distinguished from defective products that are unintentionally caused by manufacturing defects.
Examples
Examples of waste products can be found in both biology and industry .
biology
In living beings, waste products are found in the excretion of excrement and urine , in which metabolic products are present. Another waste product that is produced and excreted by living things are gases (especially CO 2 ) that are exhaled during breathing . However, when is cattle holdings and methane produced.
Industry
There are many examples in chemistry and other industries . For example, for burns mainly CO 2 and hydrogen discharged during grinding fall of metal swarf to, in the woodwork are wood chips .
Recycling
aluminum
Since the properties of aluminum are not impaired even after use, it can be recycled as often as required without any loss of quality. If the aluminum falls in the form of metal residues (e.g. chips) or dissolved aluminum, it becomes a secondary raw material for which there is a global market. Aluminum in the form of scrap, chips, skimmings, etc. is captured, processed and melted down.
automobile
Vehicles that are no longer worth repairing or are no longer roadworthy are accepted or purchased by a company specializing in car recycling and then scrapped. According to the End-of-Life Vehicle Ordinance, car manufacturers are obliged to take back their vehicles.
The gutted bodies are freed from operating materials. The vehicle is then stored in order to remove important, common units (e.g. engine , gearbox , alternator , axle parts ) and sell them as spare parts . The interior equipment such as seats , shelves, door panels and body parts such as hoods and doors or the electrical equipment ( headlights , taillights , switches ) are also removed and offered for sale.
The automobile is then compacted with the help of a scrap press and shredded with the help of a shredder . The body scraps are sent to steel production as scrap . The glass of the windows , the non-ferrous metals , the rubber of the car tires and the plastics are also reused.
Wood chips
Wood chips, which are produced as by-products or waste products by machining logs and sawn timber, are recycled for chipboard and paper production . Wood shavings are also used as animal litter , and sawdust as oil-binding absorbent material (e.g. in workshops or after accidents). Wood chips from spruce and fir wood are used as thermal insulation . Wood chips are also used as heating material for the production of pellets and briquettes . Wood chips are also used for the production of strawberry flavor.
disposal
If there is no longer any possibility of recycling the waste product, or if this process is too time-consuming or costly, then the waste product is disposed of. This can be done in a number of ways. Some waste products are released into the environment, but there are limit values that must be observed. This happens mainly through exhaust gases or wastewater. Radioactive substances are transported to so-called repositories where they are stored. The waste products are also stored in landfills or incinerated in waste incineration plants.
List of waste products
- Exhaust gas
- Red mud
- Whey powder
- Anode sludge
- Floating barley
- scabies
- Wood chip
- Chipboard
- Anti-dustite
- Coal tar
- Para-toluenesulfonic acid chloride
- Ferric sulfate
- Calcium chloride
- Hexafluoridosilicic acid
- Lime water
- Cork recycling
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Know before eight at daserste.de