Sewage disposal
Wastewater disposal describes the path of wastewater from the place of occurrence to wastewater treatment and the return of the treated water into the natural water cycle . The wastewater includes collecting, propagating, treating, injecting, seepage, and spoiled by rain trickling of wastewater and the dewatering of sludge and the removal of the in small sewage plants accumulating sludge .
In German water law, there is the principle that wastewater is to be disposed of in such a way that the public interest is not impaired. In order to achieve this, sewers and sewage treatment plants may only be operated if they comply with the generally recognized rules of technology . Rainwater should preferably be seeped, trickled or discharged into a body of water locally.
Waste water disposal compulsory
According to German water law, wastewater is to be disposed of by legal entities under public law who are obliged to do so under state law ( Section 56 WHG ). The federal states have their state water laws usually named the cities and towns as public support of sanitation that this mostly in administration unions merge or local municipal enterprises can set up. Only in exceptional cases do the state water laws permit the transfer of the waste water disposal obligation to private individuals. Conversely to the municipalities' obligation to dispose of wastewater, the wastewater producers have the obligation to hand over their wastewater to the party obliged to dispose of it. In most cases, there is therefore a compulsory connection and use of the public sewer system.
According to the Austrian Water Law Act , the establishment and maintenance of the operation of wastewater disposal systems is carried out by individuals, companies and companies, water cooperatives , municipalities and water associations .
Central sewage disposal
Wastewater is mostly disposed of centrally, ie the wastewater is collected, mostly by a public agency, via a sewer system and fed to a central wastewater treatment facility. In Germany there is a connection rate of 96 percent to the public sewer system, the connection rate to public sewage treatment plants is 95 percent. In order to finance the fulfillment of their tasks, the waste water disposal authorities charge fees and contributions .
Decentralized wastewater disposal
Decentralized wastewater disposal through small sewage treatment plants can also serve the common good according to the Water Management Act. It plays a role in sparsely populated rural areas in particular , where a connection to a central sewage disposal system cannot be established or only with a disproportionately high economic outlay. The decentralized disposal of domestic wastewater takes place in the regulation in connection with wastewater treatment in small wastewater treatment plants with subsequent discharge into a body of water or the groundwater (infiltration).
According to the will of the legislature, rainwater should generally be supplied to the receiving water in as decentralized a manner as possible and close to the place where it occurs; in the case of wastewater , this is a discretionary decision of the disposal authorities, which, according to most state water laws, requires the approval of the responsible water authorities. In these individual cases, the compulsory connection and use and the obligation to surrender the waste water to the person responsible for disposal do not apply; this is at the same time released from its legal obligation to remove.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Section 52 of the Water Resources Act
- ↑ a b c BMU - Finally a modern wastewater law ( memento from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on August 27, 2015
