Adolf IV. (Schauenburg and Holstein)

Adolf IV

Statue in front of the Kiel monastery , dedicated to the founder of Kiel and the monastery, Count Adolf IV. Von Schauenburg

Adolf IV laid out in a sarcophagus, ideal portrait of Adolf, around 1450, originally the lower part of a double portrait in Hamburg's Maria Magdalenen Monastery , with a width of 2.77 m, Adolf is shown larger than life. In 1614 the portrait was restored by David Kindt

Adolf IV (* before 1205 ; †  July 8, 1261 in Kiel ) was a noble lord of Schauenburg (1225–1238) and Count of Holstein and Stormarn (1227–1238).

Life

Adolf IV. Was the eldest son of Adolf III. and his second wife Adelheid von Querfurt . He belongs to the family of the Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein .

Adolf IV won several victories against the Danish King Waldemar II and his feudal men: in 1225 he won the battle of Mölln and chased away Count Albrecht of Weimar-Orlamünde , the nephew and liege man of King Waldemar II of Denmark. Adolf IV and his coalition troops won the battle of Bornhöved on July 22nd, 1227 against a Danish army under King Waldemar II, and thus recaptured the county of Holstein, which his father had lost to Waldemar in 1203. From then on Adolf IV resided again on the centrally located Siegesburg and was able to further consolidate his county from here. In 1235 he founded Kiel and Oldenburg in Holstein and Segeberg was also awarded city rights . In 1238 he took part in a crusade to Livonia and founded Itzehoe . In Schauenburg he also carried out a planned regional development and founded Stadthagen and Rinteln . In 1237 he founded Bole , Rethwisch , Neuenbrook and Grevenkop .

As a result of a vow given in the distress of the Battle of Bornhöved (1227) , Adolf retired after the Livonia campaign in 1239 to the Maria Magdalenen Monastery of the Franciscans on Hamburg's Alsterufer (today: Adolphsplatz ). In 1244 he was ordained a priest in Rome . From 1246 he lived in the Marienkloster he founded in Kiel , where he died in 1261 and was buried. In 1239, his son-in-law Duke Abel von Schleswig , a son of Waldemar II, became the guardian of his two underage sons . In 1244 he founded Neustadt in Holstein . After Adolf's death, Holstein was divided between his sons Johann ( Holstein-Kiel ) and Gerhard ( Holstein-Itzehoe ), after the division of use had already come about in 1241. His wife Heilwig became a nun in the Cistercian convent she founded in Harvestehude .

Marriage and offspring

Adolf IV was married to Heilwig zur Lippe (1200–1248), daughter of the noble gentleman Hermann II zur Lippe and Mr. von Rheda. The following children were born out of the marriage:

• Mechthild (* 1225; † 1288)
  • I ⚭ 1237 Abel , Duke of South Jutland in Schleswig , later King of Denmark ( House Estridsson ). This created close contacts between the Schauenburgers and the Duchy of Schleswig.
  • II ⚭ 1261 Birger Jarl , imperial administrator of Sweden
• Johann I. (* around 1229; † 1263)
• Gerhard I. (* around 1232; † 1290)
• Ludolf, monk

literature

• Karl Jansen:  Adolf IV. In: General German Biography (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, pp. 108-110.
• Heinz Maybaum:  Adolf IV., Count of Holstein. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 78 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Andreas Thiele: Narrative genealogical family tables on European history. Vol. 1: German imperial, royal, ducal and count houses. Volume 2. RG Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 1992, ISBN 3-89406-691-1 , p. 347 f .: Schauenburger.
• Adolf Usinger: German-Danish history. 1189-1227. Mittler, Berlin 1863, pp. 73-82: Chapter V, Count Adolf von Holstein ( online ).
• Helge bei der Wieden : Schaumburg Genealogy. Family tables of the Counts of Holstein and Schaumburg - also dukes of Schleswig - up to their extinction in 1640 (= Schaumburg Studies. Booklet 14). 2nd, revised edition. Knoth, Melle 1999, ISBN 3-88368-305-1 , p. 18 f .: Adolf IV.

Web links

Commons : Adolf IV. (Schauenburg and Holstein)  - Collection of pictures

• Adolf IV., Count of Holstein-Wagrien on genealogie-mittelalter.de

Individual evidence

1. ^ Henning Unverhau: The origin and early development of the city of Bad Segeberg , in: Heimatkundliche Jahrbücher des Kreis Segeberg 31 (1985), pp. 25–39
2. ^ Klaus-Joachim Lorenzen-Schmidt: Village history Neuenbrook. Edited by the Ortschronik association. V. Neuenbrook 1987.
3. ↑ Volker Honemann : Franciscan Historiography. In: Volker Honemann (Ed.): From the beginnings to the Reformation. Paderborn 2015, pp. 730–844, here p. 767.

predecessor	Office	successor
Waldemar II.	Count of Holstein 1227-1238	Gerhard I. and Johann I.
Adolf III.	Noble lord of Schauenburg 1225–1238	Gerhard I.