Adolf Muellner

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Adolf Muellner

Amandus Gottfried Adolf Müllner (born October 18, 1774 in Langendorf , † June 11, 1829 in Weißenfels ) was a German writer , playwright and lawyer.

Life

Adolf Müllner was born in Langendorf near Weißenfels as the son of the public procurator Heinrich Adolph Müllner (d. 1803) and his wife Friederike Philippine Louise (née Bürger, 1751–1799). His mother was the favorite sister of the poet Gottfried August Bürger . He grew up with his grandmother and after her death in 1787 he lived with his parents again. Müllner attended high school in Schulpforta , was particularly interested in mathematics and poetry and took part in school theater performances.

In 1793, at the request of his father, he began studying law at the University of Leipzig . In 1797 he wanted to settle down as a lawyer in Weißenfels, but went to Delitzsch , where he became a trainee in the electoral justice office. Despite good career prospects, he returned to Weißenfels and became an assistant to the lawyer Vogel. In 1805 he earned his doctorate and published legal articles and writings.

On the initiative of Müllner, the Weißenfelser Liebhabertheater was reopened. He took on some of the leading roles himself , directed and led the rehearsals. Müllner soon got the idea to write pieces himself. After the occupation of Weißenfels by French troops, he devoted himself intensively to the study of French language and literature . In 1815, Müllner gave up his traditional profession as a lawyer and devoted himself entirely to writing. For this he offered to work as a critic for some newspapers.

In 1799, Müllner had already written his first novel , which was later followed by several fun games based on the French model. He joined in 1812 with the one-act play February 29 , which is provided with strong theatrical effects, the theatrical fashion of the fate tragedy , which had been founded by Zacharias Werner with the drama The twenty-fourth February . Four years later he achieved an even greater success with the tragedy Die Schuld , the main piece of this genre, which, sensationally presented, stayed on German stages for over a decade.

In 1820, Müllner took over the editing of the literary journal from Cottas Morgenblatt for educated classes , which he held until 1825, but ended prematurely due to personal differences. On the side, he had founded his own paper called Hekate in 1823 , which was discontinued that same year. He was on friendly terms with the playwright August von Kotzebue . Because of his relentless criticism, Müllner temporarily acquired an unprecedented position of literary power within the Prussian province of Saxony and the neighboring areas. Müllner later became editor of the Mitternachtblatt for educated stands of the publisher Friedrich Vieweg . He was considered contentious and was polemically referred to as the advocate of Weissenfels .

In 1802 he married his childhood sweetheart Amalie Christiane Freiin von Logau and Altendorff (1781-1858), daughter of an officer, in Weißenfels . Her two-time great-great-uncle was the poet of the aphorisms Friedrich von Logau (1605–1655).

Müllner died of a stroke at the age of 54 . After his death he was quickly forgotten. August Graf von Platen immortalized him in his satirical drama The Fatal Fork (1826).

Descendants can be found in the Biron von Curland , Brockdorff , Knobelsdorff and Mitzlaff families .

Commemoration

In Weißenfels a street was named after Adolf Müllner. A plaque commemorates the poet on the house where he lived and where he died at Klosterstrasse 13, and there is a memorial in the Dichtereck in the city park .

Works (in selection)

  • The Counts of Zedau (2 volumes), Leipzig and Weissenfels 1795–96
  • Incest or the Guardian Spirit of Avignon. A contribution to the history of the aberration of the human mind and heart , 2 vols., Heenning, Greiz 1799. ( "view": "info"} digitized part 1 ), ( "view": "info"} part 2 )
  • The twenty-ninth of February , tragedy, Leipzig 1812. ( digitized version )
  • The Angolian Cat or The Queen of Golkonde , comedy , Leipzig 1815. ( digitized version )
  • Games for the stage , Göschen, Leipzig 1815. ( digitized, volume 1 ), ( 2nd volume )
  • Guilt , tragedy, Göschen, Leipzig 1816. ( digitized version )
  • Theater , 4 vols., Vienna 1816–1817
  • King Yngurd , tragedy, Göschen, Leipzig 1817. ( digitized )
  • The Albanese woman , tragedy, Cotta, Stuttgart and Tübingen 1820. ( digitized version )
  • Verse and rhyme on the stage. A pocket booklet for actresses , Cotta, Stuttgart and Tübingen 1822. ( digitized )
  • Mixed writings , 2 volumes, Stuttgart a. a. 1824-1826
  • Kotzebue's literary letters from the underworld , Vieweg, Braunschweig 1826
  • Dramatic works (8 volumes), Braunschweig a. a. 1828
  • The conspiracy in the Krähwinkel , Hamburg 1829
  • The caliber. From the papers of a criminal investigator (1828 in 12 sequels in the "Mitternachtsblatt für educated estates", published in book form in 1829)

literature

  • Friedrich Carl Julius Schütz : Müllner's life, character and spirit. With a facsimile and a portrait of Müllner. Goedsche, Meissen 1830. (Müllner's works. First supplement.)
  • Adolf Höhne: On the biography and characteristics of Adolf Müllner . Leuckart, Wohlau 1875
  • Jacob Minor : The fate tragedy in its main representatives . Rütten and Loening, Frankfurt am Main 1883
  • Franz Muncker :  Müllner, Adolph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, pp. 149-157.
  • Gertrud Maria Rösch:  Müllner, Adolph. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 514 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Richard Friedrich Hugle: On the stage technology Adolf Müllner . Univ. Diss., Münster 1922
  • Oskar Weller: Adolf Müllner as a playwright . Univ. Diss., Würzburg 1922
  • Hans Paulmann: Müllner's "guilt" and its effects. Univ. Diss., Münster 1926
  • Hildegard Kehl: The styles of the German comedy dancer examined on Gryphius 'Der Schwermende Schäffer', Gellert 'Das Band', Goethe 'Die Laune des Verliebten', Müllner 'Die Vertrauten' . Höfer u. Limmert, Erlangen 1931
  • Walter Ullmann: Adolph Müllner and the Weißenfelser Liebhabertheater. The staging . Self-rel. d. Ges. F. Theater history, Berlin 1934. (= writings of the Society for Theater History; 46)
  • Elfriede Brückner: The literary sheet for the Stuttgarter Morgenblatt under the editing of Adolph Müllner . Univ. Diss., Vienna 1936
  • Gustav Koch: Adolph Müllner as a theater critic, journalist and literary organizer . Lechte, Emsdetten (Westphalia) 1939
  • Sibylle Obenaus-Werner: Adolf Müllner and the literary sheet 1820-1825. A contribution to the literary life of the restoration era . In: Börsenblatt for the German book trade. Frankfurt am Main 21 (1965), pp. 291-385
  • Hans Altenhein: The critic Adolph Müllner (1774-1829). An update . In: From the second-hand bookshop . No. 17 , 2019, ISSN  0343-186X , p. 2-10 .
  • Meyer's Groschen Library of the German Classics for all stands , Volume 253, Adolf Müllner digitized

Web links

Commons : Adolf Müllner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Adolf Müllner  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Several letters from Friederike Müllner to her brother are printed in: Letters from and to Gottfried August Bürger. A contribution to the literary history of its time. Edited from Bürger's estate and other, mostly handwritten sources. by Adolf Strodtmann. Vol. 1-4. Berlin, 1874. (The biographies of Müllner's parents are also taken from this edition.)
personal data
SURNAME Müllner, Adolf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Müllner, Amandus Gottfried Adolf (full name); Modestin (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH October 18, 1774
PLACE OF BIRTH Langendorf (near Weißenfels)
DATE OF DEATH June 11, 1829
Place of death Weissenfels