Alfons anchor

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Memorial plaque, Schorlemerallee 19, in Berlin-Dahlem

Alfons Anker (born December 1, 1872 in Berlin ; † December 14, 1958 in Stockholm ) was a German, from 1939 Swedish, modernist architect and building expert who became known through his collaboration with the brothers Hans and Wassili Luckhardt .

Life

Alfons Anker came from a long-established Jewish family in Berlin. From 1889 to 1891 he studied architecture and economics at the Technical University of Berlin-Charlottenburg (probably without a degree), which led to an apprenticeship as a bricklayer from 1891 to 1892 and from 1892 to 1893 to study at the Berlin building trade school (today: part of the Beuth University of Technology Berlin ) with a degree. In 1895 he got a job as an architect in municipal services and from 1896 worked for various private architecture studios. From 1903, Anker worked as a freelance architect in Berlin and ran a construction business with Julius Becker at Potsdamer Strasse 24. (including apartment buildings in Berlin). In 1906 his daughter Eva-Juliane was born.

From 1914 to 1918, Alfons Anker took part in the First World War as a pioneer officer. During the war he developed natural construction techniques for temporary accommodation and hospital buildings, after which he asked himself what architecture can look like in times of scarce resources . 1919–1920 he was assistant and then technical director at the Technical University of Charlottenburg with Friedrich Seesselberg and dealt with earth building settlements and the rationalization of the building industry (founder of the Reich Association for the Promotion of Economical Building Methods). From 1920 he worked again as a freelance architect and became a member of the Association of German Architects , in 1921 he was appointed as a building expert. From 1921 to 1930, Anker taught at the University of Fine Arts in Berlin-Charlottenburg, the State University of Dessau and Weimar, and the Technical University of Charlottenburg.

From 1923 to 1933, together with the much younger brothers Hans and Wassili Luckhardt, he ran the architectural office of Brothers Luckhardt and Alfons Anker , based in the Schorlemerallee experimental settlement in Berlin-Dahlem . Anker lived in house no.17b, later house no.19, while the Luckhardt brothers lived in house 17a. Together and out of their own pockets, they realized the Schorlemerallee experimental settlement and the 'Am Rupenhorn' colony (House I, II and III) in Berlin-Westend . In 1926, Anker became a member of the Der Ring architects' association .

After the takeover of the Nazis , the brothers Luckhardt initially attempted to come to terms with the new rulers and entered into the May 1, 1933 Nazi one, the common architectural firm was dissolved in 1934 because of the Jewish origins anchor. Anker had to work as a freelance architect again, but received only a few small orders for conversions and expert reports until he was finally banned from working. During this time he tried unsuccessfully to immigrate to England . In 1939 he managed, with great difficulty, to emigrate to his daughter's family in Stockholm , where he was granted Swedish citizenship.

In Sweden , Anker no longer worked as a freelance architect, but for various Stockholm architects, including Håkan Ahlberg . He was also active as a journalist and founded the Utland publications in 1940 . By 1955 he had numerous publications in German and Swedish magazines, experimented with photography and developed a quick index for a lexicon.

After the end of the Second World War , Anker came back to Berlin, in 1950 he was one of the co-founders of a research institute for international hospitals at the Faculty of Architecture at the TU Berlin (today's Institute for Health Sciences). The aim of the house, which began its service as an institute for hospital construction, was, according to the first statute, “to research the economic and technical basis for the planning, construction and furnishing of contemporary hospitals, to make the results obtained accessible to interested parties in particular to be made available for academic teaching. "

Shortly after his appointment as honorary senator of the Technical University of Berlin, Anker died in Stockholm at the age of 86.

Honors

plant

Publications

  • 1921: Natural construction methods , in: Die Umschau. Research, Development, Technology , Vol. 15, No. 5, pp. 55-60.
  • 1923: The German building materials industry during the World War , in: Bauwelt , Berlin, 14th year, No. 4.
  • 1950: Furniture for the smallest apartment. Designed by the architect Elias Svedberg, Stockholm , in: Architektur und Wohnform , No. 1, pp. 16–22.
  • 1951: The Swedish architects SAR , in: Die neue Stadt , 5th year, No. 9, pp. 395–397.
  • 1953: Glass in Swedish Building , in: Glasforum , No. 3, pp. 28–32.
  • 1953: A Swedish school for small children , in: Bauwelt , Berlin, Vol. 44, No. 25, p. 493 ff.
  • 1954: The Stockholm 'Tunnel Railway' , in: Bauwelt , Berlin, Volume 45, No. 10, pp. 185–188.
  • 1954: The Hotel Malmen in Stockholm , in: Bauwelt , Berlin, 45th year, no. 11, pp. 209–212.
  • 1955: The large garage house of the city of Stockholm , in: Bauwelt , Berlin, 46th year, no. 12, p. 228 ff.
  • 1955: Children's hospital in Bergen / Norway , in: Bauwelt , Berlin, 46th year, no. 34, pp. 667–670.

Buildings (selection)

  • Row houses on Schorlemerallee (experimental settlement), Berlin-Dahlem (1925–1930, partially changed)
  • Telschow House, Berlin-Tiergarten (1928–1929, destroyed in World War II)
  • Landhaus Kluge ( Luckhardt Villa ), Berlin-Westend (1929)
  • Residential houses Am Rupenhorn , Berlin (1919–1932)

Projects (selection)

Archive / estate

  • Archive Foundation of the Academy of the Arts Berlin (8 running meters, 1 plan cabinet, 9 models)

literature

  • Hans Luckhardt, Wassili Luckhardt, Alfons Anker a. a .: On the new form of living. (= The economic construction company. III). Bauwelt-Verlag, Berlin 1930. (Architects BDA Luckhardt and Anker, Berlin-Dahlem. Construction: Dipl.-Ing.Müller in Ph. Holzmann AG)
  • Brothers Luckhardt, Alfons Anker: Berlin architects of modernism, exhibition catalog Academy of the Arts Berlin. (= Series of publications of the Academy of the Arts. Volume 21). Berlin 1990.
  • Rudolf Vierhaus (Ed.): German Biographical Encyclopedia . Volume 1: Aachen - Braniss. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Saur, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-598-25031-2 .

Web links

Commons : Alfons Anker  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alfons Anker . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1904, I. Inhabitants of Berlin and its suburbs, p. 27 (Anker & Becker, Baugesch., W35 Potsdamerstr. 24).
  2. ↑ Alfons Anker . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1929, I. Inhabitants of Berlin and its suburbs, p. 49 (Anker, Alfons Architekt BDA, Vereid. Bausachverst., Dahlem, Schorlemerallee 17b).
  3. ↑ Alfons Anker . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1933, I. Inhabitants of Berlin and its suburbs, p. 38 (Anker, Alfons Architekt BDA, Vereid. Bausachverst., Dahlem, Schorlemerallee 19).
  4. ↑ Alfons Anker . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1929, I. Inhabitants of Berlin and its suburbs, p. 2172 (Luckhardt Hans / Wassili, Dahlem, Schorlemerallee 17a).
  5. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
  6. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
  7. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
  8. ^ Info page of the Senate Department for Urban Development ( Memento from August 28, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
  10. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
personal data
SURNAME Anchor, Alfons
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Swedish architect, Neues Bauen, Der Ring
DATE OF BIRTH December 1, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin , Germany
DATE OF DEATH December 14, 1958
Place of death Stockholm , Sweden