Old customs house
| Old customs house | |
|---|---|
 View from the southeast |
|
| Data | |
| place | Deidesheim |
| Architectural style | Late baroque |
| Construction year | Late 18th century |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 24 '37.1 " N , 8 ° 11' 9.5" E |
The old customs house in the Palatinate country town of Deidesheim is a late Baroque former garden house, which is classified as a cultural monument worthy of protection according to the monument protection law of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate . The building is the last vestige of a noble court of the Lords of Bawyr ; its designation as “old customs house” is actually not historically correct.
history
In 1717, Johann Ernst from the Leysser von Lambsheim dynasty had a manor house or little castle with farm buildings built a little outside the then fortified town , as his older brother lived in the Leysser parent house; the area for it was an old Leysser property, it comprised about two acres of land. Johann Ernst Leysser von Lambsheim lived here with his wife Maria Anna, a born von Stauffenberg; both died in 1746 and were buried in the new cemetery outside the city.
The two had a daughter, Johanna Katharina; she was the last offspring of the old Leysser noble family, which otherwise had already died out in all lines. On February 25, 1734, she had married the Elector Palatine captain Baron Franz von Bawyr (also called Baur von Caspersbroich ) from an old noble family in the Lower Rhine region and after the death of her parents lived with her husband on the - now von Bawyrschen - estate that she had inherited . In 1747 Francis of Bawyr had a wall built around the property's garden; the garden shed was probably built at the end of the 18th century. It was in the southeast corner of the estate. In addition to the estate itself, the estate also included 144 acres of land, including 29.5 acres of vineyards, a further eleven acres of Electoral Palatinate fiefdoms in Lambsheim , a Worms and Electoral Palatinate fiefdoms in Ebertsheim and 132 acres of arable land in Alsheim .
Francis von Bawyr was a quick-tempered, temperamental man who let it come down to many quarrels; For example, he claimed the office of mayor in Deidesheim, which was always occupied by nobles, which harbored potential for conflict with the other noble families in the city; on the other hand, he was involved in several hunting disputes, which culminated in the fact that in March 1764 he shot the princely Pürschknecht Anton Spindler from Forst in an affect; in 1934 a small atonement cross reminded of the deed. Franz von Bawyr therefore had to leave the Speyer Monastery , to which Deidesheim belonged, for five years. During this time he stayed in Wachenheim and Mannheim .
Franz von Bawyr died on October 19, 1779, and in 1784 his wife Johanna Katharina, the last Leysserin von Lambsheim, followed him to her death. The two had two daughters and two sons, all of whom remained single and childless: Maria Franziska Casimira, she lived mostly in France, in Lunéville and Paris ; Baron Friedrich Magnus von Bawyr, he died quite young in Deidesheim in 1788; also Karl and Maria Anna (Marianne) von Bawyr. Karl von Bawyr did military service in the Electorate of the Palatinate, and Marianne took care of the property. On January 1, 1794, French troops reached Deidesheim in the First Coalition War ; In February of the same year, after the palace , the office building , the rectory, the von Lehrbachschen and the von Radeberg property, the von Bawyr property was first plundered and finally razed to the ground; only the garden shed with part of the garden walling remained.
The two siblings last lived in modest circumstances in Weingasse in Deidesheim; Karl von Bawyr, the last male offspring of the old von Bawyr noble family, died on August 15, 1809, his older sister Marianne on January 8, 1813.
building
The "Old Customs House" is located in the Kaisergarten, a few meters away from the German Wine Route . It is a two-story, free-standing tower, the upper floor of which is reached via an outside staircase. The hipped roof of the building is covered with beaver tails and has a weather vane . Today the building belongs to the city of Deidesheim and serves as a domicile for one of the Deidesheim traditional associations.
Another multi-storey former garden house from the same era can be found a few meters south-east near the garden of the villa of Reichsrat Buhl .
literature
- Arnold Siben : Old Deidesheimer noble houses. The Bawyrsche Hof. In: Heimatfreunde Deidesheim und Umgebung e. V. (Ed.): Deidesheimer Heimatblätter. Contributions to the history of the former prince-bishop's office in Speyer and today's Deidesheim association . No. 10 , 1993, p. 21-26 . ( OCLC 180569679 ) This treatise has already appeared in: Die Pfalz - des Deutschen Reiches Westmark. Local supplement of the Palatinate Courier. No. 9 and 10, 1935.
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ In 1935, when Arnold Siben wrote his treatise on the Bawyrschen Hof, an old boundary stone from 1619 was to be found here, bearing the initials W. L. v. L., which stood for Wolf Leysser von Lambsheim, whose tombstone has been preserved at the Ulrichskirche to this day.
- ↑ A map of the Adelshöfe in Deidesheim can be found on Figure 18 in: Kurt Andermann, Berthold Schnabel (Ed.): Deidesheim - Contributions to the history and culture of a city in the wine country . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1995, ISBN 3-7995-0418-4 .
- ↑ In 1935 the tombstone of the two siblings was still standing in the cemetery . On it were the coats of arms of the Leysser von Lambsheim and von Bawyr families, which stood on their heads together with three helmets - an old custom to indicate that the last of a sex found his final resting place here.
Individual evidence
- ^ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - Bad Dürkheim district. Mainz 2020, p. 21 (PDF; 5.1 MB; see: Bennstrasse / corner of Kaisergarten ).
- ↑ Heinz Schmitt : billy goat, wine and state visits - Deidesheim in the last 150 years . Ed .: City of Deidesheim. Verlag Pfälzer Kunst, Landau in der Pfalz 2000, ISBN 3-922580-82-3 , p. 59 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Siben: Old Deidesheimer Adelshöfe. The Bawyrsche Hof.
- ↑ Michael Martin: French Revolution . In: Kurt Andermann, Berthold Schnabel (Ed.): Deidesheim - Contributions to the history and culture of a city in the wine country . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1995, ISBN 3-7995-0418-4 , p. 182 .
- ↑ a b Georg Peter Karn, Rolf Mertzenich: Bad Dürkheim district. City of Bad Dürkheim, municipality of Haßloch, municipalities of Deidesheim, Lambrecht, Wachenheim (= cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 13.1 ). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 1995, ISBN 3-88462-119-X , p. 152 .