At the monastery garden
The street Am Klostergarten is an inner-city street in Mainz-Oberstadt . It runs from north to south and takes its name from the monastery garden of the St. Alban Abbey near Mainz, which was previously located here . The street joins the streets Am Rosengarten and Am Stiftswingert . The construction of the 160 meter long street was carried out from 1919 to 1921. The street Am Klostergarten is designated as a monument zone due to its urban development and urban historical importance , the houses on the street are listed as cultural monuments in the information register of cultural monuments of the independent city of Mainz .
history
In 1914 the old villas in the Upper Town of Mainz were demolished. Then the Mainz Reich Property Office began planning to rebuild the area. Large buildings with a garden area were to be constructed for the families of French officers . In addition, citizens of the upper class lived here . Construction finally began in 1919. The new possibilities of the local building regulations were used and some multi-storey apartments were joined together to form semi-detached houses , the garden was used by all families living in the house. The properties are generously fenced .
The occupation of the Rhineland ended on June 30, 1930 and the French withdrew. This enabled the vacant buildings in the street to be privatized. After that, many buildings were rebuilt. Some properties were damaged during the Second World War . As a result, numerous buildings were renovated or newly built.
The fences, the architecturally striking interplay of the buildings, many roofs and other architectural features have been preserved to this day. Today, wealthy families in particular live in this monument zone.
architecture
The street is located in a quiet area in the Upper Town of Mainz. The monument zone is located south of the Mainz City Park and the Mainz Römisches Theater train station . It flows into the streets Am Stiftswingert and Am Rosengarten, which converge at an acute angle to the east of the monument zone. To the west is Hechtsheimer Straße, which used to lead to Mainzer Neutor. Hechtsheimer Strasse and Am Rosengarten street have the character of avenues . The monument zone also includes some buildings in adjacent streets. The monument zone as a whole consists of the following buildings: The odd house numbers from Am Klostergarten 1 to 15, Am Klostergarten 2, 4 and 6, the even house numbers from Am Rosengarten 8 to 14, the odd house numbers from Am Rosengarten 13 to 31, the even house numbers the Hechtsheimer Strasse 64 to 78, the buildings Am Stiftswingert 3 and 5 and the house on the Albansberg 2.
The buildings are built in the style of neoclassicism , but there are also some baroque forms . Baroque accents can be found, for example, in the volutes on the balconies of the buildings at Am Rosengarten 31 and in Hechtsheimer Straße 78 as well as on the round gables of roofs. The design of the houses was based on the architectural style before the First World War . They are very representative and classy. All buildings have continuous gardens that run parallel to the street like a green belt . Together with the neoclassical buildings, the gardens are reminiscent of baroque gardens . Other noticeable features of the buildings are bay windows , basements and simple columns with architraves in a Doric order that have no fluting . In addition, many buildings have risalits , triangular gables with a tooth cut , and pilasters and pilaster strips are often found on the walls . Venetian windows are sometimes also present in noble individual villas .
Forms of French Cubism flowed into the architecture of the plots built around 1920 . You can tell by the unity of the building. The stems are also designed in a striking way: they have axial symmetry and are often designed with architectural features. The houses are also connected to the porches and to each other through their symmetries and their rhythmic groupings. The group formation and the architectural interplay can best be seen in the single villas at Am Klostergarten 2, 4 and 6, which are opposite the semi-detached houses on the other side of the street. Next to these double villas there are again a single and a double villa. The villas in the street were planned by different architects. The villas Am Klostergarten 2, 4 and 6 were created by Franz Plaul , the villas across the street were created by Reinhold Weisse and Georg Bayer . This design can also be found in the nearby Hechtsheimer Straße. The architects Ludwig Becker and Anton Falkowski built a single villa in the middle and villas in groups of three on the side.
All buildings in the street are made of brick and are plastered . The bases consist entirely of shell limestone concrete , other building materials are the artificial stone in parts of the architecture and slate in the tent roofs and hipped roofs of the houses. After the land was privatized in 1930, the houses were converted. Saddle roofs were built into the houses at Am Klostergarten 2 and 6 , the house at Am Klostergarten 9 received an attic, and the apartments at Am Klostergarten 5, 7, 9, 11, 13/15, 17/19 and 25 received a renovation . The buildings at Am Klostergarten 13 and Am Rosengarten 10 in the side street were completely rebuilt.
The buildings at Am Klostergarten 4, Am Rosengarten 12, 14 and house numbers 64, 66 and 68 in Hechtsheimer Strasse are almost in their original condition in the monument zone. This can be seen from the original shutters and lattice windows. In addition, the Villa Auf dem Albansberg 2 has been so extensively restored that it has almost been restored to its original state. Another special feature that has been retained from the construction period is the fencing of the land. In the direction of the streets Am Stiftswingert and Am Rosengarten, the fences are 1.60 meters high, which makes the demarcation of the street in the direction of the surrounding properties clearer. In addition, there are still pedestals and base walls made of red sandstone , which comes from the former Heiligkreuz Fort . There are still a few white picket fences, most of which have been replaced by modern fences.
Significant structures
At the southern end of the street Am Klostergarten, on the corner of the street Am Stiftswingert, is the corner house Am Klostergarten 1, which also has the address Am Stiftswingert 5. The house is a semi-detached house. It has its long side on the street Am Klostergarten, on the street Am Stiftswingert is the short side of the building. Planning for the building began in 1920, the architect was Reinhold Weisse. The apartments were built for relatives of French officers. The building was built in the style of neoclassicism, many elements of neoclassicism are still present today. The facade of the building has ten axes and two risalits with two axes each. The first floor of the risalite has windows with round arches and lunettes , the windows of the upper floors are predominantly square. There are also three pilasters over the height of each floor. There are lunette windows in the gables of the risalites. There are also risalits on the sides of the structure. There are boilers on the walls of the gardens, and the original shutters are still preserved today.
Right next to the building Am Klostergarten 1 is the house Am Klostergarten 3 in the monument zone. It is a single villa. It has two floors and a hipped roof. This building was also built from 1920 by Reinhold Weisse for the French soldiers' families. The ornate neoclassical architecture highlights the center of the building. The large entrance portal , which is separated from the facade, is striking . There are three high rectangular windows on the upper floor above the entrance portal, which are delimited by four pilasters. In the dwelling there is a triangular gable into which a Venetian window was built.
Across from the house at Am Klostergarten 3 are the houses Am Klostergarten 2, 4 and 6 on the eastern side of the street. They are single villas. They were designed by the architect Franz Plaul for French officer families from 1920. The three buildings form an architectural interplay with the semi-detached houses on the opposite side of the street. Each house consists of four axes and an almost square floor plan. After damage in the Second World War, the three buildings were heavily modified and decorative parts were reduced. In the houses at Am Klostergarten 2 and 4, the columns and pillars have been preserved. During the renovation, the houses at Am Klostergarten 2 and 6 were given saddle roofs, the house at Am Klostergarten 4 has remained almost unchanged in its external appearance. It now has four columns in the Tuscan order . On them there is a round pillar. Other original building elements are the slate-covered tent roof, the dwelling, the windows with arches on the ground floor and the window bars and the shutters on the windows.
The semi-detached houses Am Klostergarten 5/7 and 9/11 were also planned by Franz Plaul for the Reich Property Office from 1920. You are eavesdropped . Each semi-detached house has four axes and the buildings have numerous neoclassical architectural elements. The semi-detached house Am Klostergarten 5/7 has two lobes on the sides of the facade, while the building has two lobes in the center of the facade. There are pilasters in the lightings. There are eye-catching rectangular windows with two separations above the four entrance portals of the buildings. Architecturally striking entablature beams can still be seen above the windows on the ground floor . On the semi-detached house Am Klostergarten 5/7, the previously flat hipped roof was converted into a gable roof as part of renovation measures. A dormer window was added to the semi-detached house with house numbers 9 and 11 during renovations . In this building, the original window bars and shutters are still there today.
At the corner of the streets Am Klostergarten and Am Rosengarten there is a semi-detached house with the address Am Klostergarten 15 and Am Rosengarten 23. It was built from 1920 according to plans by the architect Georg Bayer. The semi-detached house was built for the families of French officers. It has four axes in each semi-detached house. The semi-detached house plays an important role within the monument zone, because it forms a contrast with the semi-detached house Am Rosengarten 12/14, while on the opposite side of the street the apartment Am Rosengarten 21 and the Am Rosengarten 8 building represent an architectural bond. The semi-detached house at Am Klostergarten 15 / Am Rosengarten 23 has an eaves facing the garden and the street Am Klostergarten. It also has two lobbies embellished with French windows with round arches and pilasters. There are two balconies on the lofts. In addition, the window sills and the roof have cornices . The roof has no tooth cut. On the roof there are six dormer windows with round gables facing the street Am Klostergarten. The building has a hipped roof that is covered with slate. On the north side of the building facing Am Rosengarten street, the house has a large entrance portal with a pent roof and a round gable. In addition, the building on this side of the street has the original door leaf and a high, three-part window above the entrance portal.
See also
literature
- Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986: pp. 150-153. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
Web links
- Informational directory of the cultural monuments of the district-free city of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) published by the General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986: p. 150. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Directory of cultural monuments District- free city of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) on denkmallisten.gdke-rlp.de
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986: p. 152. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 21.1 ″ N , 8 ° 16 ′ 51.1 ″ E