Anarthriaceae
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| Anarthriaceae | ||||||||||||
| DFCutler & Airy Shaw |
The Anarthriaceae are a family of plants belonging to the order of the sweet grass-like (Poales) within the monocot plants . The eleven or so species occur only in the Australian state of Western Australia .
Description and ecology
The species of the Anarthriaceae are perennial herbaceous plants , some species look like switch bushes. They are deciduous to evergreen plants with rhizomes , often xerophytes . Often the stalks are branched. The alternate and two lines arranged at the stalk leaves are sessile, simple, parallel-veined and entire. There are ligules present.
They are dioecious separately sexed ( dioecious ) or rarely monoecious ( monoecious ). Many flowers are grouped together in differently shaped inflorescences . The unisexual flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. There are six equally protean bloom present. The male flowers contain only one circle with three free stamens . The female flowers are three carpels to a top permanent ovary grown with only one ovule per ovary chamber. There are three free styluses, i.e. also three scars. Pollination takes place by the wind ( anemophilia ).
Nuts 1.5 to 7 mm long are formed and the seeds contain starch .
Ingredients and sets of chromosomes
Flavonol glycosides are present. The basic chromosome numbers are x = 6, 9 or 11.
Systematics and distribution
All species occur only in the Australian state of Western Australia . They are elements of the Australian Floristic Region Southwest (Southwest Australian Floristic Region).
David Frederick Cutler and Herbert Kenneth Airy Shaw listed the Anarthriaceae family in Kew Bulletin , 19, p. 489 in 1965 . The type genus and for a long time the only genus of the family is Anarthria R.Br.
Within the order of the Poales , the Anarthriaceae are most closely related to the Centrolepidaceae and Restionaceae .
Since the three genera Anarthria , Hopkinsia and Lyginia are very different in many characteristics, it is possible that Hopkinsiaceae BGBriggs & LASJohnson and Lyginiaceae BGBriggs & LASJohnson are separate families. Hopkinsia and Lyginia were also included in the Restionaceae family.
There are only three genera with about eleven species in the Anarthriaceae family:
- Anarthria R.Br. : The six to seven species occur only in Western Australia.
- Hopkinsia W. Fitzg . : The roughly two rare species only occur in Western Australia.
- Lyginia R.Br. : The three or so species occur only in Western Australia.
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- The family of anarthriaceae in APWebsite . (Sections systematics and description)
- The Anarthriaceae family at DELTA by L. Watson and MJDallwitz. (only one genus Anarthria is listed there )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stephen D. Hopper, Paul Gioia: The Southwest Australian Floristic Region: Evolution and Conservation of a Global Hot Spot of Biodiversity. In: Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics , Volume 35, 2004, pp. 623-650.
- ^ Anarthriaceae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 1, 2014.
- ↑ Barbara G. Briggs & LAS Johnson: Hopkinsiaceae and Lyginiaceae, two new families of Poales in Western Australia, with revisions of Hopkinsia and Lyginia. In: Telopea , Volume 8, Issue 4, 2000, pp. 447-502: online.
- ↑ Anarthriaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved December 1, 2014.
- ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Anarthriaceae - data sheet at World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on December 1, 2014
- ↑ Leslie Watson, 2008: Anarthria in the Western Australian Flora .
- ^ Leslie Watson, 2008: Hopkinsia in the Western Australian Flora .
- ↑ Leslie Watson, 2008: Lyginia in the Western Australian Flora .