Andrew of Brienne

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The coat of arms of Andrew of Brienne. The color design is unknown.

Andreas von Brienne (* around 1135 ; † October 4, 1189 before Acre ) was Lord von Ramerupt from the House of Brienne . He was a younger son of Count Walter II of Brienne and his second wife Humbeline.

Third crusade

Andrew was a participant in the third crusade . With an advance command of French knights under Jacob von Avesnes , Count Robert II of Dreux , Bishop Philip of Beauvais and his brother, Count Érard II of Brienne , he reached the Holy Land in September 1189 , directly for the siege of Acre . Shortly after them, a German contingent came under the leadership of Landgrave Ludwig III. from Thuringia .

On October 4, 1189, the crusaders led a sortie from their positions against the field camp of Saladin's army. In doing so, they were able to flee the right flank and the center of the Saracens. Andreas even got to Saladin's tent. However, the ranks of the crusaders broke up and began to plunder the camp. Saladin used this opportunity to lead his newly formed army against the Franks and to put them to flight. Most of the knights managed to escape behind the secure walls of their camp, which was defended by Jacob von Avesnes and Gottfried von Lusignan . Together with the Templar Grand Master, Gérard de Ridefort , and King Guido von Lusignan , Andreas tried to arrange the fleeing knights for a new attack, but was killed in battle, like the Grand Master.

According to the French historian Joseph François Michaud , Andreas was trampled to death by his fleeing brother's horse. Count Érard II of Brienne died around 1191, probably also during the siege of Acon.

Andreas had married Alix (Adelais) de Venizy around 1167. They had five children:

  • Walter von Brienne († around 1186);
  • Érard von Brienne (* around 1170, † 1246), lord of Ramerupt and Venizy ;
  • Elisabeth of Brienne, ∞ Milon of Pougy;
  • Agnes of Brienne, ∞ around 1211 Milon IV of Noyers;
  • Ada from Brienne.

literature

  • Joseph François Michaud : History of the Crusades. (“Histoire des croisades.”) Basse Verlag, Quedlinburg 1827/32 (7 vols .; together with Jean J. Poujoulat).
  • Steven Runciman : History of the Crusades ("A history of the crusades"). 4th edition Dtv, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-423-30175-9 .
  • Robert L. Wolff: The later crusades. 1189-1311 . In: Kenneth M. Setton (Ed.): A History of the Crusades . University of Wisconsin Press, Madison 2005.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gesta Regis Henrici secundis et Gesta Regis Ricardi Benedicti abbatis , ed. by William Stubbs in: Rolls Series 49 (1867), Vol. 2, p. 94
  2. ↑ Roger von Hoveden , Chronica , ed. by William Stubbs in: Rolls Series 51 (1870), Vol. 3, p. 20
  3. ^ Itinerarium peregrinorum et gesta regis Ricardi Liber I, Cap. XXX, ed. by William Stubbs: Chronicles and Memorials of the Reign of Richard I , in: Rolls Series 38 (1864), Vol. 1, p. 71
  4. ↑ L'Estoire de Eracles empereur Liv. 24, cap. XVIII – XIX, in: Recueil des Historiens des Croisades (1859), Historiens Occidentaux II, pp. 129–130
personal data
SURNAME Andrew of Brienne
ALTERNATIVE NAMES André de Brienne
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mr. von Ramerupt
DATE OF BIRTH around 1135
DATE OF DEATH October 4, 1189
Place of death Acre