Anton Kerner from Marilaun

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Anton Joseph Kerner

Anton Joseph Kerner , from 1876 Ritter von Marilaun (born November 12, 1831 in Mautern , Lower Austria , † June 21, 1898 in Vienna ) was an Austrian botanist and university professor. He is considered to be one of the co-founders of plant sociology . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is “ A.Kern. "

Live and act

Anton Kerner studied medicine at the University of Vienna from 1848 to 1853 , where he received his doctorate in medicine in 1854. In 1855 he became a teacher of natural history at the Oberrealschule, and in 1858 professor at the Josefs Polytechnic in Ofen , Hungary . The University of Innsbruck appointed Kerner to a chair for botany in 1860 . In 1878 he was appointed full professor and director of the Botanical Garden at the University of Vienna. In 1877 Kerner was knighted and knighted.

Kerner's classic work, written in the language of an expert writer, The Plant Life of the Danube Countries (Innsbruck 1863) contains unsurpassable descriptions of the vegetation from the Hungarian steppe forests to the forest-free peaks of the Alps . He applied new methods, described the layer structure of the forests and pointed out the connections between the plant formations and the climate and soil. Kerner described plant communities in which species are “united in certain groups”. He also introduced field experiments with the aim of exploring the influence of climate at different altitudes on the growth of 300 species. In 1875 he laid out the world's first high alpine garden on the Blaser in Tyrol .

Kerner was a supporter of Darwin's theory of evolution and considered natural hybrid species to be the basis for variability and the emergence of new species. He corresponded with Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin , among others .

Richard Wettstein was his successor as full professor and director of the Botanical Garden in Vienna, but at the same time also his son-in-law, since he married Kerner's daughter Adele.

Honors

Anton Kerner von Marilaun rests in a grave of honor in Vienna's central cemetery (group 0, row 1, number 22). In 1900 the Marilaungasse in Vienna- Landstrasse (3rd district) was named after him. Is named after the plant genus Kerner Marilaunidium Kuntze of the family of Borage Family (Boraginaceae).

Fonts

  • The Jauerling . In: Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna , 5, 1855, pp. 521–524.
  • Flora of the cottage gardens in Germany . In: Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna , 5, 1855, pp. 787–826.
  • The Hochkar: a plant geographical sketch . In: Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna , 7, 1857, pp. 517-530.
  • Lower Austrian pastures . Ueberreuter, Vienna 1860. doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.15620
  • The plant life of the Danube countries . Wagner, Innsbruck 1863 ( limited preview in the Google book search - 2nd (anastatic) edition 1929 by Friedrich Vierhapper (jun.)).
  • The culture of the alpine plants . Wagner, Innsbruck 1864, archive.org
  • Novae plantarum species Tiroliae, Venetiae, Carnioliae, Carinthiae Styriae et Austriae . Innsbruck 1870, doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.9835 .
  • The botanical gardens, their role in the past, present and future. Innsbruck 1874 ( archive.org ).
  • The means of protection of the flowers against uninvited guests . Vienna 1876 ( darwin-online.org.uk ).
  • Flowers and their unbidden guests . CK Paul & Co., London 1878, doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.50866
  • Plant life . urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-23560 (1890–1891; 2nd edition 1896–1898; 3rd edition by Carl Adolph Hansen, 1913–1916).
  • Schedae ad Floram exsiccatam Austro-Hungaricum . (1881-1913; Volume 8-9 by Karl Fritsch , Volume 10 by Richard Wettstein ).

literature

Web links

Commons : Anton Kerner von Marilaun  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry on Blaser in the Austria Forum  (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
  2. ^ Åke Gustafsson : The life of Gregor Johann Mendel - tragic or not? In Hereditas Vol. 62, 1969, pp. 239-258 . (here: p. 244.)
  3. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
personal data
SURNAME Kerner from Marilaun, Anton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kerner Ritter von Marilaun, Anton Joseph (full name); Kerner, Anton Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian botanist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH November 12, 1831
PLACE OF BIRTH Mautern , Lower Austria
DATE OF DEATH June 21, 1898
Place of death Vienna