Antonius van den Broek

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Antonius van den Broek

Antonius Johannes van den Broek , also Anton Van den Broek, (born May 4, 1870 in Zoetermeer , † October 25, 1926 in Bilthoven ) was a Dutch econometrician and amateur scientist.

Van den Broek studied law at the University of Leiden with a doctorate in 1895. He also studied for three years at the Sorbonne . Until 1900 he worked as a lawyer in The Hague . He then studied mathematical econometrics in Vienna with Carl Menger and was also in Leipzig and Berlin. From 1903 he turned to atomic physics. His first article on the periodic table in 1907 while living in Noordwijk . But it was never associated with a university.

While early versions of the periodic table used atomic weights as the principle of order, Van den Broek was the first to propose atomic charges for the arrangement of chemical elements (1911). In the so-called trilogy essay, Niels Bohr explicitly refers to these works. This ordering system was experimentally confirmed by Henry Moseley's X-ray spectroscopy (1913). His contribution was later almost completely forgotten. This also contributed to the fact that many of his ideas are outdated from today's perspective. So he wanted to build all elements from alphons , half alpha particles from two protons, building on the early discoveries of nuclear physics by Ernest Rutherford (alpha and beta decay). In addition, he designed a three-dimensional periodic system from five groups, each with three groups of 8 elements (120 in total). They were arranged in steps of two atomic weight units. From the data from Rutherford and Barkla at the time, he said that the atomic weight was about twice as high as the charge.

In 1896 he married Elisabeth Mauve, daughter of the painter Anton Mauve.

Works

  • AJ van den Broek: The α-particle and the periodic system of the elements . In: Annals of Physics . tape 328 , no. 6 , 1907, pp. 199–203 , doi : 10.1002 / andp.19073280614 .
  • A. van den Broek: The Number of Possible Elements and Mendeléff's “Cubic” Periodic System . In: Nature . tape 87 , 1911, pp. 78 , doi : 10.1038 / 087078b0 .
  • A. van den Broek: Intra-atomic Charge . In: Nature . tape 92 , 1913, pp. 372-373 , doi : 10.1038 / 092372c0 .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ N. Bohr: On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules . In: Philosophical Magazine . tape 26 , 1913, pp. 1-25, 476-502, 857-875 . , here p. 14
personal data
SURNAME Broek, Antonius van den
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Broek, Antonius Johannes van den; Broek, Anton Van den
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch econometrician and amateur physicist
DATE OF BIRTH May 4, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Zoetermeer , the Netherlands
DATE OF DEATH October 25, 1926
Place of death Bilthoven , Netherlands