Arecoideae
| Arecoideae | ||||||||||||
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Royal Palm ( Roystonea regia ) |
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| Arecoideae | ||||||||||||
The Arecoideae are a subfamily of the palm family (Arecaceae). It is the largest and most diverse subfamily. All species have pinnate leaves, the flowers are usually in triads.
features
The species are monoecious or dioecious separated-sex ( monoecious or diocese ) palms, which bloom several times ( pollakanth ). The leaves are pinnate and reduplicate, so they are split along the abaxial edges (on the underside of the leaf).
The bracts on the inflorescence axes are greatly reduced, a feature that essentially only occurs in the Ceroxyloideae family . The flowers are in triads consisting of a central female and two lateral male flowers. With the Chamaedoreeae they can also stand in coils , in a row along the axis (acervulus) or, through reduction, individually. Cup and crown are each in three parts.
The fruit has no overlapping scales.
distribution
The Arecoideae are distributed worldwide in the tropics and subtropics: in America from the Caribbean to South America, in Africa in West Africa, on Madagascar and the neighboring islands, in southern India, Southeast Asia, Malesia , northern Australia to New Zealand and on the Pacific islands. The largest numbers of species are reached in tropical rainforests.
Systematics
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The Arecoideae as defined by Dransfield et al. (2008) are identified as natural relatives ( Monophylum ) in most studies . They are the sister group of the Ceroxyloideae . The number of tribes has increased from six to 13 since 1987. The relationship between the tribes is largely unclear. A group of six tribes is identified in many works as a separate clade and referred to as " core arecoids ". The subfamily includes 107 of a total of 183 palm species.
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For a list of all genera see palm trees .
supporting documents
- John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera Palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms . Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2 , p. 355; P. 115 (distribution).
