Arudj

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Baba Arudsch, lithograph by C. Motte (1785–1836) after A. Deveria

Arudsch , called Baba Arudsch or by the Europeans Barbarossa or Barbarossa Horuk (Turkish Oruç , * 1473 in Mytilini on Lesbos , † 1518 near Tlemcen ), was an important Ottoman corsair in the western Mediterranean and ruler of Algiers .

The name Barbarossa , actually Barberousse , does not derive from a reddish beard - as with Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa - but is a French corruption of the Turkish honorary title Baba Oruç , German "Father Arudsch", which he acquired through the rescue of, through the Persecuted inquisition , acquired Spanish Jews and Muslims and their subsequent settlement in North Africa and in coastal areas around Constantinople .

Arudsch was born in Mytilini on Lesbos in 1473 , the son of a Turkish cavalry officer and his Greek wife. After a few commands in the Ottoman and Egyptian fleet of the Mameluks , he came to the western Mediterranean in 1504 , where he successfully attacked Christian trade as a corsair with fast fustas (small galleys ) in alliance with the Hafsiden of Tunis (see: barbarian states ).

In 1515 the Emir of Algiers asked Arudsch for help in the fight against the Spaniards . Arudsch drove the Spaniards out of Algeria , murdered the emir a little later and appointed himself the new ruler of Algeria. He also subjugated the neighboring areas, where he got into the battle for Tlemcen with Spain when the Abdalwadids ruling there recognized Spanish sovereignty. Arudsch fell against the Spaniards off Tlemcen in 1518. He was succeeded in Algiers by his brother Khair ad-Din Barbarossa .

Arudsch lost his left hand in August 1512 in a battle with Spaniards around Bougie (Algeria) and then wore a silver prosthesis , which gave him the nickname Silver Arm (Turkish: Gümüş Kol ).

souvenir

The Turkish Navy named one of their most modern frigates after Arudsch. In addition, a British-Turkish submarine class and the Turkish exploration ship Oruç Reis is named after him.

Web links

Commons : Aruj  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ TCG ORUCREIS F245 - ShipSpotting.com - Ship Photos and Ship Tracker. Retrieved July 1, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Arudj
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Barbarossa; Barberousse, Oruç (Turkish); Baba Arudsch
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Corsair in the western Mediterranean and ruler of Algiers
DATE OF BIRTH 1473
PLACE OF BIRTH Mytilene on Lesbos
DATE OF DEATH 1518
Place of death at Tlemcen