Associação Popular Democrática Timorense
The Associação Popular Democrática Timorense or Associação Popular Democrática de Timor (APODETI; Timorese People's Democratic Association) was a party in East Timor . Since 2000, the party has used the Pro Referendo appendix ( pro referendum ). A change of name to Partido Democrata Liberal was considered. The party no longer exists.
history
APODETI was founded on May 27, 1974 ( other sources: May 25 or July 27 ) by 36 people. Its original name was Associação para Integração de Timor na Indonesia (AITI). These included several former participants in the Viqueque Rebellion (1959). The APODETI aimed to join Indonesia as an autonomous province and advocated the spread of the Indonesian language . The party supported religious freedom and opposed racism, but opposed the Catholic Church and took anti-white positions . APODETI only found support from a few Liurai in the border region. Some of them had collaborated with the Japanese against the Portuguese colonial rulers during World War II . A large part of the small Muslim minority also supported the APODETI.
APODETI was previously seen as a Jakarta- funded front organization. Its prominent leaders have had close contact with Indonesian secret agents since the 1960s. For support and funding from Indonesia, they used their position in society as traders, customs officers and influential traditional leaders. Founding president Arnaldo dos Reis Araújo was a cattle breeder, chief strategist and general secretary José Fernando Osório Soares in the administration and school teacher and vice-chairman Hermenegildo Martins was a coffee plantation owner. Their strongest supporter was Dom Guilherme Gonçalves , the Liurai of the former Atsabe Empire from Atsabe / Ermera municipality and head of Atsabe- Kemak . He had strong family ties within the former kingdom and its old allies. This also included ties to Kemak in the present-day communities of Ainaro and Bobonaro and northern and southern Tetum and Bunak on both sides of the borders. He was extremely anti-Portuguese and had a large traditional army. Gonçalves comes from a long line of kings who regularly rebelled against the Portuguese. He hated the artificial colonial border that divided his family and separated the east from the laran spiritual center in Wehale . That's why he wanted a reunification of Timor .
The APODETI was the first East Timorese party to set up paramilitary forces. In August 1974 she started training camps in West Timor, Indonesia. Instructors and weapons came from the Indonesian military. Tomás Gonçalves , son of Atsabe Guilherme Gonçalves' Liurai and APODETI representative in West Timor, met the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces, General Maraden Panggabean , in Jakarta in September . APODETI presented itself as a suitable means of integrating East Timor into Indonesia.
When FRETILIN proclaimed East Timor's independence from Portugal on November 28, 1975 , Indonesia responded by reporting that Dom Guilherme Gonçalves and Alexandrino Borromeo from APODETI and other opposition politicians had signed the so-called Balibo Declaration , calling for East Timor to join Indonesia . The declaration was drawn up by the Indonesian secret service and signed in Bali , not in Balibo. After the invasion of Indonesia, a puppet government was set up in mid-December 1976, consisting of APODETI and UDT leaders. Arnaldo dos Reis Araújo became the first governor of Timor Timur , as East Timor was called under Indonesian rule. He was followed by Dom Guilherme Gonçalves and, after an interlude by UDT member Mário Viegas Carrascalão , finally José Abílio Osório Soares , brother of José Fernando Osório Soares and former mayor of Dili . The occupation ended with the intervention of the United Nations in 1999.
After East Timor's independence, the party emphasized that its goal was to ensure East Timor's viability as an autonomous province of Indonesia and that APODETI was against violent annexation. In a public declaration at the CNRT Congress in August 2000, APODETI accepted the result of the 1999 referendum , which had spoken out in favor of independence, and added the appendix Pro Referendum to its name . APODETI became a member of the CNRT and worked on the National Council. In the first elections to the East Timorese parliament after independence on August 30, 2001, APODETI received 0.60% of the vote and thus none of the 88 seats.
In the second parliamentary elections in 2007 , APODETI did not run. According to internet sources, the party no longer exists.
Politics in Independent East Timor
APODETI supported the national unity, independence and sovereignty of East Timor, non-violence and the defense of democracy, tolerance and the socio-cultural values of the East Timorese people. The party stood behind the multi-party system, democracy and human rights for men and women. The APODETI advocated the free market economy, foreign and domestic investments and a free education system. The introduction of Portuguese as the provisional official language and the further development of Tetum were supported. English should be taught at all school levels, and the youth should be instructed in civics and morals. As far as possible, the health system should be free. In terms of foreign policy, a close relationship with the neighbors Australia and Indonesia and the Portuguese-speaking countries was supported. Further goals were the creation of jobs, the advancement of the people and the support of war victims such as widows, orphans, the elderly and those who were disadvantaged by their political work during the Indonesian occupation.
Members
The last party chairman was Frederico Almeida Santos da Costa , born in Lospalos , one of the founders of the party. He used to work in the Portuguese colonial administration and during the Indonesian occupation at customs. Today he is retired.
Laurentino Domingos Luis de Gusmão was the Vice President of APODETI and a member of the National Council (NC). During the colonial period he was responsible for financial management in the Baucau district. Under the Indonesian occupation, Gusmão held leading positions in the civil service, including as head of cabinet. During the UN administration he was appointed to the National Consultative Council (NCC). Today he is retired.
Party secretary João Baptista dos Santos was born in Lospalos in 1951. After his time as a Portuguese civil servant, dos Santos worked in various government offices during the rule of Indonesia and was deputy district administrator ( wakil bupati ) in Lospalos. In 2001 Santos taught history and Portuguese in Dili.
Other founding members were Abel da Costa Belo , Pinto Soares and Casimero dos Reis Araújo, son of Arnaldo. José Martins switched to the Klibur Oan Timor Asuwain (KOTA) party.
See also
Web links
supporting documents
- The parties of East Timor, Australian Council for Overseas Aid 2001 ( MS Word ; 174 kB)
- Northern Illinois University
Individual evidence
- ↑ Timor-Leste Memória: East-Timorese Resistance Archive & Museum, Chronology ( Memento of the original dated February 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English)
- ^ Ernest Chamberlain: The 1959 Rebellion in East Timor: Unresolved Tensions and an Unwritten History , accessed September 7, 2013
- ↑ a b "Part 3: The History of the Conflict" (PDF; 1.4 MB) from the "Chega!" Report of the CAVR (English)
- ↑ Dunn, James. Timor: A People Betrayed. Sydney: Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1996. ISBN 0-7333-0537-7 .
- ^ Forum Asia
- ↑ Pat Walsh : East Timor's Political Parties and Groupings Briefing Notes , Australian Council for Overseas Aid 2001 ( Memento from January 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (English; MS Word ; 174 kB)
- ↑ Yusuf L. Henuk: East Timor in fact-findings , accessed on April 26, 2016
- ^ David Hicks: Rhetoric and the Decolonization and Recolonization of East Timor. Routledge, 2015, limited preview in Google Book Search.
