Astra 1C
| Astra 1C | |
|---|---|
| Start date | May 12, 1993 |
| Launcher | Ariane 4 V56 |
| Launch site | ELA-2 , Guyana Space Center |
| COSPAR-ID : | 1993-031A |
| Takeoff mass | 2790 kg |
| Manufacturer | Hughes Space and Communications (today: Boeing Satellite Systems ) |
| model | HS-601 |
| lifespan | 15 years |
| operator | SES Global |
| Playback information | |
| Transponder | 18 Ku-band + 6 backup |
| Transponder performance | 63 watts |
| Bandwidth | 18 × 26 MHz |
| EIRP | 51 dBW |
| Others | |
| Electrical power | 3300 watts |
| position | |
| First position | 19.2 ° East |
| Actual position | Cemetery orbit |
| List of geostationary satellites | |
Astra 1C , formerly at 19.2 ° East, was a television satellite of the SES-Astra based in Betzdorf in Luxembourg , which was used for television reception in Europe.
history
As early as 1990, SES ordered Astra 1C. Unlike the first two satellites, it should be produced by Hughes Aircraft and have back-up transponders for Astra 1A . It was launched into space in 1993 from the Kourou spaceport in French Guiana . After being successfully positioned next to 1A and 1B at 19.2 ° East, it began its official operation on July 1, 1993 with the launch of the British Discovery Channel and the British Bravo , both parts of the Sky- Pay-TV package. One day later, the British Nickelodeon followed , which from December 16, 1993 had to share the transponder with TV Asia . The WDR was the first German broadcaster to 1C and was launched on 7 July 1993, more German recovery was the Bavarian television on 19 July 1993, the MDR on 21 August 1993 and Southwest 3 August 24, 1993. The Children's Channel changed from 1B to 1C on July 17, 1993, and shared a transponder with The Family Channel , which began broadcasting on 1C on July 24, 1993 (from 1997, Challenge TV replaces The Family Channel ). RTL 5 has been broadcasting since August 12, 1993, and FilmNet Central Europe , which was planned for Eastern Europe , was launched on August 20, 1993. The ZDF recorded on 1C began broadcasting on 27 August 1993 on the same day was the cultural program on 1B EinsPlus switched off so that the ARD was able to take its transponder. The British UK Living , CMT Europe - which shared a transponder with the Discovery Channel - and the Mexican Galavision started on September 1, 1993, the British home shopping channel QVC followed on September 16, 1993. One day later, TNT & Cartoon Network started broadcasting - unlike the Sky programs, the broadcaster relied on free unencrypted reception. From December 22, 1993, the program of China News and Entertainment could also be received unencrypted via the The Children's Channel / The Family Channel transponder. On December 30th and December 31st, 1993, Minimax and Cine Classics from Canal Satélite , of which the two channels Cinemanía and Documanía were already represented on 1B, took their programs. From April 18, 1994 to March 8, 1995, the Chinese Channel could be received at night via the UK Living transponder .
Transponder 47 was a specialty: initially for a long time without a tenant and then used as an information channel by BSkyB , from 1995 onwards numerous television programs from the pay-TV provider accumulated in timeshare. It started on February 3, 1994, Sky Sports 2 , which then became the transponder from October 30, 1995 with the British SciFi channel and from November 1, 1995 with Sky Soap , Sky Sports Gold , Sky Travel and the British The History Channel shared. In addition, from September 15, 1994 to October 23, 1995, China News and Entertainment and from January 12 to August 1, 1995 the World Health Network , and from October 1, 1995, The Christian Channel Europe were represented on this transponder.
From July 1, 1995, the Adult Channel shared a transponder with FilmNet Central Europe . On the UK Living transponder, the erotic channel Television X broadcast in the night from May 1, 1995, the British business channel EBN on the Bravo transponder from November 1, 1995 in the morning hours , followed by British Playboy TV one day later . The Paramount Channel also broadcast from November 1st in timeshare with the British Nickelodeon . Since August 1996, the German women's broadcaster tm3 has been sharing the former RTL-5 transponder. After FilmNet Central Europe left Astra, the British broadcaster Channel 5 was able to start broadcasting on 1C. Since August 1997, Galavision has shared the transponder with Sky Travel and Sky Movies Gold , which ultimately took over this transponder in full by the end of 1997. On December 1, 1997, the Canal Satellite channels, which also included Minimax and Cine Classics , switched to 1E to broadcast their programs only digitally. The two transponders that became free on 1C were taken over by Phoenix and Hessischer Rundfunk .
After BSkyB gradually left the Astra position 19.2 ° East since 1998, arte (who moved from 1D here), BR-alpha (changed from 1B to 1C), VIVA , 1-2-3.tv and Astro TV were able to do so as well as digital pay-TV providers use the transponders that have become free. The transponder from MTV Europe , which was in the frequency range of Astra 1A but was later taken over by 1C, used MTV2 Pop from 2001 , on whose frequency Nick is now broadcasting .
In July 2006 Astra 1C was withdrawn from the position 19.2 ° East and reactivated after a short break in November 2006 at the position 2.0 ° East. From November 2008 to November 2, 2011, so-called "feeds" were transmitted through him. The satellite has not been active since November 2, 2011. Its successors are Astra 1E , Astra 1KR and Astra 2C .
reception
The transmission takes place in the Ku band . The satellite could be received in Europe .
