Atzgersdorf
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Atzgersdorf had been an independent Lower Austrian municipality south of Vienna since 1850 , was incorporated into Greater Vienna by the Nazi regime in 1938 and has been a district in the 23rd district of Vienna , Liesing , since 1954 . A small part of the former community came to Vienna's 12th district, Meidling . The place is one of the 89 Viennese cadastral communities .
geography
Today's cadastral community Atzgersdorf covers an area of about 376 hectares. Until 2010, an area of 35 hectares in the Meidling district, on which the southern part of the southwest cemetery is located, also belonged to the Atzgersdorf cadastral community. Due to an administrative simplification, the cadastral municipality boundary was moved to the district boundary and this area was transferred to the cadastral municipality Hetzendorf.
The place is on both sides of the Liesing . Upstream is the district of Liesing of the same name , and downstream the districts of Erlaa and Inzersdorf . To the north of Atzgersdorf lie the Hietzingen district of Rosenberg and the Meidling districts of Hetzendorf and Altmannsdorf . In place of of led wall coming Knotzenbach in the Liesing. Today it flows mostly underground and is therefore only visible near its source, at the Maurer Forest .
The west of Atzgersdorf is included in the chronostratigraphic stages of the Pannonian and Sarmatian , the east to the Holocene .
history
Neolithic fragments were found in Atzgersdorf , which indicate prehistoric settlement. Traces of Celtic settlement were also discovered during construction work in the area of Keltengasse . The beginnings of permanent settlement in Atzgersdorf can be dated around the year 1000. The place emerged as a lane village at an important traffic junction. In its place, the connection from Mauer to Triester Straße crosses with the road from Meidling to Perchtoldsdorf .
The name Atzgersdorf is a combination of the personal name "Atzichî" and the word village . The first written mention of the place was around the year 1120. The parish of Atzgersdorf, founded around 1300, was of earlier importance and served as a religious center for the surrounding places. The first landlord known by name of the originally presumably free estate Atzgersdorf was Hans von Liechtenstein , whose property was owned by Duke Albrecht III around 1390 . were confiscated by Austria. Atzgersdorf was the center of a larger manor, which also included the towns of Lainz , Speising and Unterliesing . These possessions remained princely fiefs until 1652 , when Emperor Ferdinand III. sold it to his court chancellor Johann Matthias Prückelmayr . In 1656 Prücklmayr bequeathed the rule to the Jesuits , who remained the landlords of Atzgersdorf until their dissolution in 1773. Atzgersdorf was badly affected during the second Turkish siege of Vienna in 1683. In the 18th century the place became an important place of pilgrimage, with the "fever cross" kept in the parish church of Atzgersdorf as the main attraction. In 1775 Georg Adam von Starhemberg acquired the property. He sold Unterliesing and relocated the seat of the manor from Atzgersdorf to Alterlaa Castle , where he remained until the end of the manorial period. Jérôme Bonaparte and Pierre-Louis de Blacas d'Aulps are prominent successors to Starhemberg as landlords of Atzgersdorf . Until the 19th century, the place was mainly characterized by agriculture and livestock. Also due to the construction of the southern railway line to Atzgersdorf in 1841, industrialization began in the place. Several mills on the Liesingbach were converted into factories that used water power as an energy source. In 1844 Johann and Hedwig Langer became the last landlords of Atzgersdorf and Erlaa.
After the abolition of the lordship, Atzgersdorf was founded on June 25, 1850 as an independent municipality . Joseph Carlberger, who had been the local judge of Atzgersdorf since 1831, was elected first mayor. Since 1892, the site bordered by the creation of the 12th district of Vienna, Meidling, the kk imperial capital. The building of the kk Linienamt Atzgersdorf , where consumption tax had to be paid when crossing the city limits, has been preserved from this time . Former pastureland and arable land were systematically parceled out, especially between Breitenfurter and Brunner Strasse . From 1831 to 1910 Atzgersdorf's population grew from 1,899 to 10,398 inhabitants.
The municipalities of the judicial district of Liesing, created in 1904 (in addition to Atzgersdorf, these were Breitenfurt , Erlaa, Hadersdorf-Weidlingau , Inzersdorf, Kalksburg , Kaltenleuthaben , Laab im Walde , Liesing, Mauer, Perchtoldsdorf , Purkersdorf , Rodaun , Siebenhirten and Vösendorf ) were decreed from 1. October 1938 to create a “ Greater Vienna ”, which came into force on October 15, 1938, as the 25th district, Liesing, incorporated into Vienna.
At today's address Dirmhirngasse 112, the Atzgersdorf synagogue was built in 1900 by a Jewish prayer association , which also served believers from today's district of Liesing. It was destroyed by the National Socialists on the Night of the Reichspogrom on November 10, 1938 . The remains were removed in 1958. Today a plaque commemorates these events. Dozens of Jews from Atzgersdorf were murdered in the course of the persecution of Jews by the National Socialist regime.
During the Second World War , Atzgersdorf was initially out of the range of the bomber aircraft until 1944. That was one of the reasons why an "industrial horst" was to be created in Atzgersdorf and neighboring Liesing, whose companies (mainly metal processing companies) were to be used as suppliers for the Ostmark aircraft engine works . Not least because of this, these aircraft factories of the German Air Force in Atzgersdorf were later a target of attack by the Allies . After the war, Atzgersdorf was supposed to be one of 17 former municipalities that were to remain with Vienna according to the territorial amendment law of June 29, 1946 agreed between Vienna and Lower Austria; 80 other former municipalities were to be reassigned to Lower Austria. The Soviet occupying power blocked the entry into force of this constitutional law until 1954.
On September 1, 1954, the law came into force after the Soviet Union had given up its veto; Atzgersdorf, until then part of the 25th district, has now become part of the newly created 23rd district, which kept the name of the previous 25th district, Liesing, but not its area.
In the post-war years Atzgersdorf became a center of heavy industry and earned the reputation of a working-class district. In 1955 the Soviet occupation fell away. In the last decades of the 20th century, the characteristic single-storey workers' houses were continuously displaced by large-scale residential complexes. This change was also accompanied by population growth. In 1951 the place had 7,738 inhabitants, while today around 15,500 people live in Atzgersdorf.
Mayor of Atzgersdorf
- Joseph Carlberger (1850–1864)
- Anton Bayer (1864–1867)
- Johann Fichtner (manufacturer) (1867–1868)
- Ferdinand Bausback (1868–1873)
- Anton Heger (1873-1875)
- Carl Meisgeyer (1875-1894)
- Josef Watzger (businessman) (1894–1900)
- Johann Höbinger (1900–1905)
- Leonhard Bauer (1905–1909)
- Emil von Derschatta (1909–1918)
- Ludwig Kirschner (1918–1919)
- Johann Werndl (1919–1934)
- Josef Hilgarth (1934–1938)
Culture and sights
The Roman Catholic parish church Atzgersdorf is a classicist wall pillar church , which was built from 1781 to 1782 according to plans by the architect Andreas Fischer. The St. Christophorus branch church designed by the architect Erwin Plevan was built in 1960 on Breitenfurter Straße as an emergency church for the parish of Atzgersdorf. The Evangelical Lutheran St. John's Church is an Art Deco building from 1930 to 1935. Another noteworthy building is the Morpurgo house at the beginning of Endresstrasse, which was built around 1800 and probably included a previous Baroque building . In the Atzgersdorf area there is also the Liesing District Museum , which is housed in a former school building designed by the architect Gerhard Reitmayer in 1884. Today's Atzgersdorf cemetery was laid out in 1880.
Public parks in Atzgersdorf are the Bruno-Morpurgo-Park (Endresstraße 4–14), the Dr.-Rudolf-Hatschek-Park , the Fridtjof-Nansen-Park and the Mayer-von-Rosenau-Park . A weeping willow in the Bruno-Morpurgo-Park, a black pine in the Mayer-von-Rosenau-Park and four individual trees on the grounds of the Vienna-South campsite are designated as natural monuments .
The motif of St. Catherine with a palm branch and sword on a green meadow was chosen as the motif for the design of the part of the Liesinger district coat of arms intended for Atzgersdorf . Saint Catherine is the patroness of the parish church Atzgersdorf.
Atzgersdorfer Heimatlied
The Atzgersdorfer Heimatlied is still taught in the elementary schools on Kirchenplatz and in Prücklmayrgasse:
I live in Atzgersdorf, not
far from the Liesingbach,
there where the houses are
covered with a shingle roof,
where the windows are,
smeared with Hafner lame,
I'm there on hard ground.
Today it looks very different.
We belong to the city of Wean.
Vü new houses stand,
even practical and modern.
There are very few factories,
the people are hard- working.
That's why I like to be there in Atzgersdorf.
Economy and Infrastructure
The industrial area of Atzgersdorf is mostly located between the southern railway line and the Liesingbach. The oldest surviving industrial buildings include the former piano factory Parttart (later Luner), which was built by Josef Schneider in 1892, and the former shoe factory built around 1912 (David Langfelder - "Riott", founded in 1892 in Vienna VI., Later Weber), today model railway factory Kleinbahn . The former Koffmahn machine, box and wood goods factory, which was built from 1913 to 1916 according to plans by Hubert Gessner and was used from 1966 to 2013 to produce coffins for the municipal burial, is located at Breitenfurter Straße 176 .
Well-known companies and important employers in the area after the monarchy were the kuk Hof-Brücken waagen - und Maschinen-Fabrik C. Schember & Sons in Gatterederstrasse (built from 1888, demolished in 1988) and the food factory Emanuel Khuner & Sohn AG (from 1897 ) in the Breitenfurterstraße at the level of Kunerolgasse that after fusion with the company Georg layer in the ( "Kunerol") 1929 Unilever opened Corporation ( coconut oil , margarine , mayonnaise ; demolished 2003-2015).
Another well-known company in Atzgersdorf was the Osram company , which from 1904 (at that time still an osmium light company ) to 1988 operated a production site next to the Liesingbach at the height of today's Alt-Erlaa residential park . The location part of this company in Auer-Welsbach-Straße is shown on both sides of the border of the cadastral communities Atzgersdorf and Inzersdorf from July 1, 2018 as "Altlast W31: Incandescent Factory Auer von Welsbach".
The chemical plant of Wildschek & Co has been located on the site of a former copper smelter since the post-war period and mainly produces paints for industrial needs. This operation emerged from some remains of the chemical works in the south of Vienna (e.g. Wagenmann, Seybel & Co. , Schramm & Wagenmann, Ludwig Marx, Eisenstädter). His predecessor company was in Liesing on Pellmanngasse on the Stadler premises before it moved to its current location.
The original Atzgersdorf station on the Südbahn was built in 1840 by the Südbahn architect Wilhelm Flattich . At the end of the 1970s, it was replaced by a new building around 100 meters away. An elementary school has been located on Atzgersdorfer Kirchenplatz since 1826. The current building was constructed in several stages between 1894 and 1914 and has been rebuilt several times since then.
Between the Sauberg or Steinberg and the southern railway, important quarries were operated for the extraction of the Sarmatian sand-lime stone . The Fridtjof-Nansen-Park, the Höpflerbad, the Haus Atzgersdorf senior citizens' home and the Atzgersdorf youth hostel are located on these grounds.
Personalities
- Johann Fichtner (1799–1878), mechanical engineer and manufacturer, mayor of Atzgersdorf
- Rudolf Hatschek (1874–1939), doctor
- Josef Hilgarth (1898–1975), district school inspector and politician, mayor of Atzgersdorf
- Gustav Holzmann (1926–1973), economic and social geographer, historian and publicist
- Alois Hörbiger (1810–1876), organ builder
- Hanns Hörbiger (1860–1931), engineer and founder of the world ice theory
- Werner Faymann (* 1960), politician, Austrian Federal Chancellor
- Michael Frühwirth (1891–1958), politician and trade union official, member of the Atzgersdorf municipal council
- Kurt Peters (1897–1978), chemist
- Anton Romako (1832–1889), painter
- Karl Skraup (1898-1958), actor
- Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1901–1972), theoretical biologist and systems theorist
- Leopold Vogl (1910–1992), soccer player and soccer coach
- Johann Werndl (1887–1938), politician and secondary school teacher, mayor of Atzgersdorf
literature
- David Sylvester Mayer von Rosenau: History of Atzgersdorf’s . Vienna 1898.
- Ferdinand Opll : Liesing: History of the 23rd Viennese district and its old places . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-7141-6217-8 .
- Ferdinand Opll : Liesing. Atzgersdorf, Erlaa, Inzersdorf, Kalksburg, Liesing, Mauer, Rodaun, Siebenhirten. A story of the 23rd district of Vienna and its eight old towns in words and pictures. Edition Winkler-Hermaden Schleinbach 2014. ISBN 978-3-9503739-3-6 .
Web links
- wien.at | Atzgersdorf
- District Museum Liesing | District history
- Atzgersdorf in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official Journal for Surveying Issued by the BEV - Federal Office for Metrology and Surveying Year 2010 Vienna, March 1, 2010 - 3699th Ordinance of the Federal Office for Metrology and Surveying of February 9, 2010 regarding the changes to the cadastral communities of Mauer, Rosenberg, Speising, Hetzendorf and Atzgersdorf. (pdf) accessed on July 3, 2017
- ↑ Ferdinand Opll: Liesing: History of the 23rd Viennese district and its old places . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-7141-6217-8 . Pp. 10-13
- ↑ Ferdinand Opll: Liesing: History of the 23rd Viennese district and its old places . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-7141-6217-8 . Pp. 15-24.
- ↑ Ferdinand Opll: Liesing: History of the 23rd Viennese district and its old places . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-7141-6217-8 . P. 83.
- ↑ Gerald Netzl: November 9, 1938 in Liesing - a local historical reconstruction , Ed. Bezirksvorstehung Liesing, Vienna 2005, ²2013
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↑ Helene Eis: Investigation of the industrial area Liesing-Atzgersdorf. Dissertation to obtain the degree of Doctor of Commerce at the University of World Trade. Vienna 1961. S. 19.
Norbert Schausberger : Armaments in Austria 1938-45: a study on the interaction of economy, politics and warfare. In: Publications of the Austrian Institute for Contemporary History. Volume 8. Hollinek, Vienna 1970. p. 83 - ↑ Ferdinand Opll: Liesing: History of the 23rd Viennese district and its old places . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-7141-6217-8 . Pp. 129-137.
- ^ Dehio-Handbuch Wien. X. to XIX. and XXI. to XXIII. District . Edited by Federal Monuments Office. Anton Schroll, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-7031-0693-X , p. 682.
- ↑ Since the boundaries of the census districts and census districts differ from those of the cadastral municipality, no exact number of inhabitants is available. According to VZ 2001, the counting districts Atzgersdorf , Atzgersdorf-West and the industrial area Breitenfurter Straße together had 15,625 inhabitants. - Source: Directory 2001 Vienna , ed. v. Statistics Austria, Vienna 2005, p. 101.
- ↑ Reichspost, April 1, 1934, p. 50 (District Museum Liesing)
- ^ Joachim Scholtyseck: Freudenberg: A family company in the empire, democracy and dictatorship . Beck, Munich, 2016. pp. 251f.
- ↑ mein district.at : Atzgersdorf: End for coffin production (August 6, 2013)
- ^ Architekturzentrum Wien: Josef Maresch
- ↑ Eduard Giffinger, Gunther Paul: History of Unilever, work Atzgersdorf: sunken world of work by the example Kuner. ÖGB-Verlag, Vienna, 2013, ISBN 978-3-7035-1597-2
- ↑ 1. Contaminated Sites Atlas Regulation Amendment 2018 . Ordinance of the Federal Minister for Sustainability and Tourism amending the Contaminated Sites Atlas, Federal Law Gazette II No. 132/2018.
- ↑ Company history
- ↑ Helene Eis: Atzgersdorf-Liesing industrial area , pp. 51, 56.
- ^ Dehio-Handbuch Wien. X. to XIX. and XXI. to XXIII. District . Edited by Federal Monuments Office. Anton Schroll, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-7031-0693-X , p. 719.
- ^ Johann Fichtner in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
- ^ Technical Museum Vienna: Watt's steam engine
- ^ Atzgersdorf in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
Atzgersdorf | Erlaa | Inzersdorf | Kalksburg | Liesing | Wall | Rodaun | Seven Shepherds
Coordinates: 48 ° 9 ' N , 16 ° 18' E