August Hauner

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Historic entrance of the Dr. v. Hauner's Children's Hospital
Grave of August Hauner on the old southern cemetery in Munich location

Napoleon August von Hauner (born October 28, 1811 in Neumarkt an der Rott , † June 11, 1884 in Munich ) was a German doctor and pediatrician. He founded the Dr. from Haunersche Children's Hospital in Munich.

Live and act

Hauner (father: Corbinian, monastery judge in Frauenchiemsee, then rent clerk, † 1838; mother: Anna Maria Lang, † 1850) spent his childhood in Neumarkt. Hauner studied medicine from 1830 to 1835 at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich and in the meantime at the University of Vienna . From 1831 he was a member of the Isaria Corps . With a doctoral thesis on puerperal fever , he received his doctorate from the University of Munich in July 1835.

From 1837 to 1845 Hauner practiced first as a country doctor in Tann (Lower Bavaria) , later in Murnau am Staffelsee . In 1845 he moved to Munich, where he initially worked as a city doctor for the poor for an annual salary of 150 guilders. Finally, in 1846, the then 33-year-old Hauner opened a private children's clinic in a rented apartment at Sonnenstrasse (Munich) 27, financed by equity and donations from an association founded for this purpose under the protectorate of Queen Therese, the wife of King Ludwig I. It was all about around one of the first children's hospitals in German-speaking countries and based on the St. Anna Children's Hospital in Vienna (founded in 1837). Hauner saw his children's hospital not only as a place for the treatment of sick children, but also as an information point for mothers about the right nutrition, care and upbringing of their children. In 1849 the children's clinic was relocated to Jägerstrasse 9. Hauner qualified as a professor in 1848 for pediatrics at the LMU. In 1850 he was appointed private lecturer and in 1858 honorary professor without entitlement to a salary. He found it difficult to come to terms with the fact that he never received a real professorship, as the medical faculty of Munich University criticized the fact that the place of his medical achievements was less the dissecting table and the scientific laboratory, but the hospital bed. The pediatrician was of the opinion that children should not only be looked after medically, but that their "correct upbringing" should also be taken into account as a means of prevention. He wrote:

"The purpose of upbringing can ... be none other than the natural harmonious development and training of the physical and psychological faculties and powers slumbering in the child, to guide them so that health is not damaged in any way, that the correct metamorphoses of the body are not disturbances suffer that the spirit and the spirit develop gradually and skilfully in the healthy body, and all obstacles, disadvantages, bad habits and customs are removed, which could in any way have a pernicious effect on body and spirit. "

- August v. Hauner (1868)

In 1858 August Hauner was given personal nobility. Until 1883 he held courses on childhood diseases at his clinic for the University of Munich. Hauner published annual reports on his children's hospital and, from 1863, the research series "Contributions to Pediatrics" .

In his technical articles and countless presentations, he did not necessarily favor drug treatment, but also advocated natural forms of treatment. For example, he recommended using the healing power of water for scarlet fever and typhus , and children who suffered from breast and abdominal diseases should be placed in lukewarm milk baths.

He campaigned with great energy for the smallpox vaccination, which he considered to be a particularly beneficial invention .

Hauner succeeded in decades of efforts to win numerous patrons for his idea of ​​a large public children's clinic. On March 15, 1882, a modern hospital building on Lindwurmstrasse was ready for use. The head of the Munich city building authority Arnold Zenetti had taken over the execution of the construction, which to this day Dr. von Haunersches Children's Hospital is called. August von Hauner only survived his life's work by two years and died after a long illness in June 1884. His son-in-law Alfred von Halm took over the management of the clinic, which was taken over by the Bavarian state in 1886. Heinrich von Ranke , who was head of the Pediatric Polyclinic until then , became the first director of the newly created university children's clinic in the Dr. from Haunersche Children's Hospital .

tomb

The tomb of Hauner is on the old southern cemetery in Munich (burial site 11 - Row 8 - 57th) Location .

progeny

The daughter Marie married as widow of Helvig Adolph Freiherr von Asch , a Bavarian infantry general who was Bavarian Minister of War from 1893 to 1905.

Honors

  • Ennoblement (1858)
  • Dr. Hauner-Strasse in Neumarkt-Sankt Veit

Fonts

  • Contributions to pediatrics . Hirschwald, Berlin 1863 (XI, 227 pp.)
  • Basic characteristics of the physical education of children. From the lectures in the children's hospital . Fritsch, Munich 1868 (VI, 151 pp.)

literature

  • Manuel von Boetticher: August von Hauner. Life and work of an "educational doctor" . Munich 2004 (unpublished diploma thesis)
  • Wolfgang Locher: 150 years of Dr. von Haunersches Children's Hospital 1846-1996. From rented apartments to university clinics . Munich 1996
  • Eduard Seidler:  Hauner, August von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1969, ISBN 3-428-00189-3 , p. 97 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Wolfgang G. Locher: Hauner, Napoleon August von. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 539.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ G. Borgolte, U. Graubner, R. Grantzow, D. Adam: On the history of the "Hauner Association". ( Online PDF ).
  2. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1930, 111 , 265
  3. ↑ Dissertation: De febri puerperali .
  4. ↑ Hauner 1868, p. 6 f.
  5. ↑ Hauner 1868, p. 146
personal data
SURNAME Hauner, August
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hauner, August von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pediatrician
DATE OF BIRTH October 28, 1811
PLACE OF BIRTH Neumarkt-Sankt Veit
DATE OF DEATH June 11, 1884
Place of death Munich