Bärschwil
| Bärschwil | |
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Solothurn (SO)
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| District : | Thierstein |
| BFS no. : | 2611 |
| Postal code : | 4252 |
| Coordinates : | 602 643 / 248057 |
| Height : | 466 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 363–947 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 11.19 km² |
| Residents: | 788 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 70 inhabitants per km² |
| Website: | www.baerschwil.ch |
 In the center of Bärschwil |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Bärschwil (in local dialect Bäärschbu, Bäärschbel [ˈbæːrʃbu ˈbæːrʃbl] ) is a municipality in the district of Thierstein in the Swiss canton of Solothurn . The former French exonym is Bermeveiller .
geography
Bärschwil lies at 466 m above sea level. M. , 5 km south-southwest of the city of Laufen (linear distance). The clustered village extends on both sides of the Modlenbach in a deep valley basin at the northern foot of the Fringeliberges, south of the Birstal , in the Solothurn Jura , in the Schwarzbubenland .
The area of the 11.2 km² large municipal area includes a section of the folded Jura . The central part is occupied by the Bärschwil-Grindel basin, which is drained by the Modlenbach and its right side stream north to the Birs. This valley basin actually represents a heavily eroded anticline of the Vorbourg fold. The southern limb of this anticline consisting of hard limestone , namely the Fringelikette, on whose main ridge the southern municipal boundary runs, is still largely preserved . It separates the Bärschwiler valley basin from the Delsberg basin and reaches 913 m above sea level on the Fringeliberg . M. , on the Rechtenberg at 947 m above sea level. M. the highest point of Bärschwil. The northern leg of the anticline can be recognized by the Burghollen ( 632 m above sea level ), a free-standing mountain between two deep valleys in the catchment area of the Modlenbach, and the Nettenberg . The soft clay and marl layers were largely eroded over time, which is why the Bärschwil-Grindel valley basin has formed.
In the northern part of the municipality is the Landsberg with the Roten Flue ( 748 m above sea level ), which is separated from the Fringelikette by the Regennasstal . In the north this mountain has at an altitude of around 500 m above sea level. M. an agriculturally used terrace before the terrain drops into the Birstal in a steep slope crossed by rocks. The winding course of the Birs forms the northern boundary of the municipality between the Liesbergmüli and the confluence of the Bärschwiler Dorfbach. In 2014, 5% of the municipal area was in settlements, 53% in forests and woodlands, 41% in agriculture and a little less than 1% in unproductive land.
Bärschwil includes the district of Wiler, divided into Vorder Wiler ( 441 m above sea level ), Unter Wiler ( 453 m above sea level ) and Ober Wiler ( 497 m above sea level ), all on the eastern slope of the Landsberg above the Bärschwiler Located in the valley, as well as various individual farms. The neighboring communities of Bärschwil are Grindel in the canton of Solothurn, Val Terbi , Courchapoix and Courroux in the canton of Jura and Liesberg and Laufen in the canton of Basel-Landschaft .
population
With 788 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018), Bärschwil is one of the smaller communities in the canton of Solothurn. 95.3% of the residents are German-speaking, 1.0% French-speaking and 1.0% speak English (as of 2000). The population of Bärschwil was 656 in 1850 and 687 in 1900. In the course of the 20th century, the population rose to 967 people by 1960. This was followed by a decline to 814 inhabitants by 1980, before the population increased again.
economy
Bärschwil was a predominantly agricultural village until the second half of the 20th century . Even today arable farming , fruit growing (especially cherry trees) as well as dairy farming and cattle breeding have an important place in the income structure of the population. Further jobs are available in local small businesses and in the service sector, including in companies in the building trade, metal construction and mechanical workshops. In the last few decades the village has developed into a residential community. Many employees are therefore commuters who work mainly in Laufen and the Basel agglomeration .
traffic
The community is located off the main thoroughfares, but can be easily reached from the main road Laufen - Delsberg . On September 25, 1875, the Jura Railway from Basel to Delsberg with the Bärschwil station in Birstal was opened. Today, however, no passenger trains stop here. The village is connected to public transport through a Postbus course , which runs the route from Laufen to Bärschwil.
history
The first written mention of the place takes place in 1194 as Bermeswile . Later spellings are Bermswilr (1269), Bermiswilr (1276), Bermeswilr (1283), Bermswiler (1300) and Berschwiller (1458). The place name goes back to the Old High German personal name Bërman and thus means "hamlet, homestead of Bërman".
Beinwil Monastery had owned land in Bärschwil since the Middle Ages . The village belonged to the sphere of influence of the Bishop of Basel . In 1527 it was acquired with the high and low jurisdiction of Solothurn and assigned to the Thierstein Bailiwick. After the collapse of the Ancien Régime (1798), Bärschwil belonged to the Dornach district during the Helvetic Republic and to the Thierstein district from 1803.
Since the 17th century there has been an iron melt in the Birstal at the confluence of the Bärschwiler Tal, in which the ore extracted in the area was processed. In addition, two glass furnaces were developed, but they ceased operations in 1856. In the second half of the 19th century a lime and gypsum factory and later a cement factory were founded, which offered jobs to the population of the surrounding communities. A grain mill and a brickworks were also in operation in the 19th century. Today most of the industrial activities in the municipality of Bärschwil have ceased.
Attractions
The Church of St. Luke was built in the late Gothic style in 1548 and redesigned in 1727 and 1928 (the late Gothic tower is still preserved). Some characteristic farmhouses from the 18th and 19th centuries have been preserved in the town center.
The «Gritt», close to the «Vögeli» farm, is known for its fossils from the Jurassic Sea.
The Bärschwil geological hike leads around Bärschwil. At 15 stations, attention is drawn to geological features at the respective location. The local Jura fold, the so-called Vorbourg vault, is exemplarily cut in the semi-clump-like valley basin of Bärschwil. A wide range of different rocks from the Triassic and Jurassic periods come to light. The Bärschwil geological hike (opened in 1998) is the third facility of its kind in the canton of Solothurn after the Weissenstein geological hike (1981) and the “Saurierspurenplatte Lommiswil” viewing platform (1995).
Lime kilns Stritteren: In Bärschwil, the remains of the walls of two lime kilns were renovated and protected with a protective roof. They are the only remaining lime kilns in north-western Switzerland.
coat of arms
- Divided by blue with a white fish swimming to the right and by white with a red Basel staff turned right
Personalities
- Amanz Gressly (1814–1865), geologist and paleontologist
- Klaus-Peter Schäffel , scriptor and illuminator
- Peter Hänggi (* 1950), physicist
literature
- Albin Fringeli : Bärschwil, chronicle of a community . Jeger-Moll, Breitenbach 1981.
- M. Fürstenberger, Peter Jordan, Urs Pfirter, Theo Furrer: Geological hike Bärschwil . Natural Research Society of the Canton of Solothurn, 1999 (reprint 2001).
- Simon Lutz: Life on the Fringeliberg . Self-published, 2008 (about hikes, the villages on both sides of the Fringeliberg [SO, BL, JU], the farms, emigrations from Bärschwil to America, family history of the Fringeli von Bärschwil etc.).
- Gottlieb Loertscher: The art monuments of the canton of Solothurn. Volume III: The districts of Thal, Thierstein, Dorneck (= art monuments of Switzerland. Volume 38). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1957, DNB 750089342 .
- Lukas Schenker: Bärschwil. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ The field and settlement names of the Amtei Dorneck-Thierstein. Edited by Markus Gasser and Thomas Franz Schneider, arr. from the research group ‹Solothurn town and field names book›. Schwabe, Basel 2010 (Solothurn Name Book, Volume 2), p. 650 f. Regarding the coexistence of Bäärschbu and Bäärschbel , Markus Gasser writes in the chapter Phonology of the dialects of the Schwarzbubenland in the above-mentioned volume of the Solothurn name book, here p. 81: “The vocalization of the l before consonant, intervowel and final […] is in Nunnigen with the sources, Bärschwil and Beinwil a frequently used linguistic variant, both in terms of appeal and in terms of names. "
- ↑ The field and settlement names of the Amtei Dorneck-Thierstein. Edited by Markus Gasser and Thomas Franz Schneider, arr. from the research group ‹Solothurn town and field names book›. Schwabe, Basel 2010 (Solothurn Name Book, Volume 2), p. 650 f.
- ↑ gymmuenchenstein.ch ( Memento of the original from July 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ AM archive 08 11 schaeffel. (PDF; 652 kB) In: bindereport.de. Retrieved February 8, 2013 .
