Bundle pillars

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Clustered columns of the transept of the cathedral of Amiens
Dijon Cathedral , bundle pillars in transept and choir

A clustered column (Engl. Compound pier, pier bundle , double. Pilier en faisceau ) is in the late Romanesque and Gothic architecture, a kapitelllose form of support , in this seemingly from several rods composed.

History and construction

Bundle pillars are inextricably linked with the development of the rib vault , because the load of each vault rib and its shear forces are (apparently) absorbed by a service assigned to it and diverted downwards. A bundle pillar is staffed all around with services. In the High Gothic period, the services could be placed so closely that the actual “pillar core” can hardly be recognized. This pillar core can also be deepened by coving between the services. In the High Gothic, the number of arched profiles and vault ribs increased - and with it that of the services, which were also getting thinner. With the decline in the structure of the wall and arch in the late Gothic period, the number of services, which now merge in a wave-like manner, decreased.

Demarcation

The term bundle pillar cannot be clearly differentiated, especially not from the term cantoned pillar (or articulated pillar). In the development of Gothic services and pillars, very different forms are associated with the term bundle pillars. In early forms, the services protrude as round bars from the pillar profile, or stand freely next to it. However, other authors refuse to refer to round pillars that are only surrounded by other narrower (“young”) round pillars without merging with one another, such as in the nave of the cathedral of Laon , as bundle pillars .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Translations after Hans Koepf , Günther Binding : Bildverzeichnis der Architektur. With English, French, Italian and Spanish technical glossaries (= Kröner's pocket edition. Vol. 194). 4th, revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-520-19404-X , Lemma bundle pillar.
  2. ↑ a b sentence after Günther Wasmuth (Ed.): Wasmuths Lexikon der Baukunst. Volume 1: A to Byz. Wasmuth, Berlin 1929, Lemma Bundle Pillar.
  3. ↑ Composition after Nikolaus Pevsner , Hugh Honor, John Fleming: Lexikon der Weltarchitektur. 3rd, updated and expanded edition. Prestel, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-7913-1238-3 , Lemma Bundle Pillar.
  4. ↑ a b c sentence after Wilfried Koch : architectural style. The standard work on European architecture from antiquity to the present. 27th, fundamentally revised and supplemented edition. Bertelsmann-Lexikon-Institut im Wissen-Media-Verlag, Gütersloh et al. 2006, ISBN 3-577-10089-3 , p. 159.
  5. ↑ so Hans Sedlmayr : The development of the cathedral. Reprint of the Zurich edition, 1950, with an afterword. Akademische Druck- und Verlags-Anstalt, Graz 1976, ISBN 3-201-00977-6 , p. 71.