Badenburg (Giessen)

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Badenburg
Badenburg

Badenburg

Creation time : 1358
Castle type : Niederungsburg, Uferburg
Conservation status: Preserved essential parts
Standing position : landgrave vassals
Place: Giessen - Wieseck
Geographical location 50 ° 37 '43.7 "  N , 8 ° 41' 26.4"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 37 '43.7 "  N , 8 ° 41' 26.4"  E
Height: 155  m above sea level NN
Badenburg (Hesse)
Badenburg

The Badenburg has belonged to Wieseck , a current district of Gießen in Hesse , since 1752 and is now home to the Badenburg Ritterkeller restaurant.

Geographical location

The Niederungsburg ( Uferburg ) is located directly on the banks of the Lahn, a little above the rapids there. Since the 14th century, the Lords of Badenburg controlled an important riverside path, which was the most important connection between Lollar and Gießen until the 19th century . Even today, this connection route, which is closed to motor vehicle traffic, can be used for tours and walks. The partly unpaved stretch over the Badenburg is a popular shortcut of the Lahntalradweg .

Scale length of the Gießener SC in front of the Badenburg (1843/44)

history

In 1323 knight Bernhard von Göns ( Gunse ) carried his "Gaden" ( cubile ; warehouse, refuge) in the village of Dyduldishusen and a court in front of Hartrad VI. (VII.) Von Merenberg († 1328) to fief . When Badenburg still 1,541 today deserted village was Dilshausen mentioned. Johann von Weitershausen called von Bleichenbach († after 1385) received newly cleared land and arable land in the Wiesecker Forest from Heinrich I von Isenburg-Büdingen († 1378) in 1353 . He expanded the Badenburg near Wieseck or Wißmar ( Wysemar ) around 1356, in 1356/58 he was owned by Count Johann I of Nassau-Weilburg-Merenberg and Landgrave Heinrich II of Hesse , and later by the co-founder of Landgrave Hermann II of Hesse enfeoffed with the apartment on Rain (= bank) on Badenberg . It was under the joint feudal rule of Hesse and Nassau. The fief came through Gerhard von Buseck called Rüsser († 1474) and his descendants in the possession of the vassal family Weitolshausen called Schrautenbach - who are to be distinguished from the Weitershausen - when Philipp Rode (Roth von Burg Schwalbach ) († 1531) it in 1523 / 24 sold to the Hessian council Balthasar von Weitolshausen called Schrautenbach († 1529). It served as a residence for his family. One of its owners was Lieutenant General Ludwig Balthasar von Schrautenbach-Weitolshausen (1654–1738).

The castle fell into disrepair after being destroyed in the Thirty Years' War and was used in the 18th and 19th centuries as a blacksmith's shop, accommodation for shepherds and from 1760 as a well-known inn. Students from Giessen in particular used the castle complex and the tavern for excursions, break days , secret meetings and protest excerpts. Georg Büchner hid here with republican revolutionaries such as Friedrich Ludwig Weidig and Karl Minnigerode , from which the press association emerged in July 1834. In addition to the work of the Hessische Landbote , which was revised by Büchner and later by Weidig, other pamphlets should emanate from here. With the construction of the Main-Weser Railway running parallel to the Lahn (compare the map), which lies in a deep cut here, part of the castle's historic garden was destroyed. In 1975 the castle and the tavern were renovated - not entirely taking into account the historical facilities.

literature

  • Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 300.
  • Erwin Knauss: Die Badenburg , In: On the history of Giessen and its surrounding area, 1987, pp. 172–181
  • Werner Stephan: There was an inn on the Lahn , Gießen 1985, pp. 123–126
  • Rolf Müller (Ed.): Palaces, castles, old walls. Published by the Hessendienst der Staatskanzlei, Wiesbaden 1990, ISBN 3-89214-017-0 , pp. 140–142.

Web links

Commons : Badenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Landgrave Regest online No. 766. Regest of the Landgrave of Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Cf. Georg Landau: Historical-topographical description of the desert places . (Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies. Supplement 7). Theodor Fischer, Kassel 1858, p. 192.
  3. ↑ Document dated May 7, 1353; Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt (holdings of X 4 documents from the Grafschaft Isenburg, No. 590).
  4. ↑ The Isenburgern owned a share of the Wiesecker forest from the Cleeberg inheritance .
  5. ↑ Documents of June 29, 1356 and 1358; Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt (inventory A 5 Aktivlehen Hessen-Darmstadt, no. 455 / 1–2); Hessisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden (inventory 121 fiefdom archives, von Weitershausen, U 1358 a, b and U 1358 September 16).
  6. ^ Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt (holdings A 3, documents from the former province of Upper Hesse, Badenburg, U 1358 September 05).
  7. ↑ See certificate from Johanna von Nassau-Saarbrücken-Weilburg of November 30, 1371 (copy from 1525); Hessisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden (holdings 121 feudal archives, von Weitershausen, U 1371 November 30).
  8. ↑ See certificate from Landgravine Elisabeth Dorothea of ​​Hessen-Darmstadt from 1681; Stadtarchiv Worms (001A Imperial City Archive, 1 A II documents, No. 191).
  9. ↑ Documents of November 17, 1523 and April 20, 1524; Hessisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden, (holdings 121 Lehnsarchive, Schrautenbach, U 1523 November 17 and U 1524 April 20).
  10. ↑ See certificate of September 4, 1713; Hessisches Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden (holdings 121 Lehnsarchive, 19.48 Schrautenbach, U 1713 September 4) u. a.