Bagasse
As bagasse is defined as the fibrous, ground remains engaged in the sugar production after squeezing sugar cane or in the recovery of syrup of sugar millet remain.
Bagasse can be described as a by-product and can be used in a variety of ways.
etymology
The word bagasse comes from French and originally from Latin . The Spanish word bagazo, derived from the Latin baca (“berry”) for “residues after pressing, especially with sugar cane”, is documented from 1600 and was mainly used in South America. Spanish bagazo was borrowed from French as bagasse , which means "residue of the sugar cane after pressing". French bagasse is first documented by Jean-Baptiste Labat in 1724 , in a report on Martinique in Labat's workNouveau voyage aux îles de l'Amérique .
In Spanish called bagazo today various agricultural by-products and waste materials, including delays in the processing of grapes , malt , sugar cane, olive and agaves . In French, the term bagasse was used in the 19th century not only for the residues of sugar cane, but also for pressed grapes and olives and today it is still used for residues of the indigo plant during the extraction of indigo . In German, bagasse is usually used to describe the pressed sugar cane residues, but also the pressed sugar millet residues ( sorghum bicolor ). Other agricultural press residues are known as pomace , pulp or press cake .
Meyer's Großes Konversations-Lexikon from 1905 and Brockhaus ' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon from 1911 recorded bagasse as well as the subsidiary form Begasse , as well as the Duden dictionary . The Begasse variant is no longer in use today. The lexica by Pierer (1857) and Lueger (1904) only specified the word form Bagasse , as was, for example, the extensive German dictionary by Wahrig (1966).
Processing of sugar cane
By-product
The harvested sugar cane is processed in sugar cane mills by pressing the sugar-containing juice out of the plants (press extraction). In some factories, however, diffusers are also used to extract the sugar in the diffusion process. While the juice obtained is fed into settlers, the bagasse that remains as a by-product is dumped. With 100 tons of sugar from sugar cane, around 34 tons of bagasse are produced as a by-product. In 1995, 60–70 million tons of bagasse were produced worldwide.
use
The bagasse can be used in chemistry, industry and animal husbandry.
Bagasse consists of 40 to 60% cellulose , 20 to 30% hemicelluloses and about 20% lignin . It can be used energetically as a solid fuel. This usually already happens in the sugar factory, where the energy from the combustion can be used to generate the electrical energy and heat required for sugar production.
If the lignin is removed and the rest mixed with sugar cane molasses and protein-containing feed, bagasse can also be fed to cattle.
In terms of material, bagasse is mainly used in the pulp industry for the production of cardboard (packaging material, bagasse trays) and building materials. The hemicelluloses contained, especially the polysaccharide xylan , which is composed of the C5 sugar xylose , can be used chemically and enzymatically to obtain basic chemicals , especially furfural and levulinic acid , and is accordingly of interest for use in the integrated biorefinery .
literature
- Keyword Bagasse In: Hans Zoebelein (Ed.): Dictionary of Renewable Resources. 2nd edition, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim and New York 1996; Page 20. ISBN 3-527-30114-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Etymology: Bagasse 1 Center National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales (French)
- ↑ Bagazo in the Spanish language Wikipedia
- ↑ Meanings of French bagasse in the field of agriculture Wiktionnaire (French)
- ↑ Lexicography: Bagasse 1 Center National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales (French)
- ^ Sorghum - Research priorities at the TFZ Website of the TFZ , Straubing
- ↑ Sorghum - The universal supplier of raw materials, poster of the TFZ, Straubing (PDF).
- ↑ Begasse bei Meyers 1905 (online at zeno.org)
- ↑ Begasse bei Brockhaus 1911 (online at zeno.org)
- ↑ Go to Duden online
- ^ Bagasse at Brockhaus 1911 (online at zeno.org). See below the links to bagasse in Pierer (1857) and Lueger (1904).
- ↑ True: German dictionary. Bertelsmann Lexikon-Verlag, 1966.
- ↑ One-time: recycling tableware made from sugar cane ecowoman.de, accessed on July 7, 2019.
- ↑ Dekodur laminate board without petrochemicals dds-online.de, January 2, 2018. Accessed July 7, 2019.