Railway depot Augsburg
The Augsburg depot ( Bw Augsburg for short ) is a former depot in Augsburg .
history
Remise in front of the Red Gate
The first facility for the maintenance and parking of locomotives in Augsburg started operation with the opening of the former train station in front of the Red Gate in 1840. The Munich-Augsburger Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft built a hall about 100 meters long and 30 meters wide as a locomotive depot . It also served as a magazine and fuel and lubricant store.
Since the railway operations increased rapidly within a few years, the construction of a more spacious workshop at the newly opened main station on Rosenauberg began a short time later. The remise in front of the Red Gate had become obsolete in 1850 when the new workshop was completed and was used for other purposes from then on.
Workshop at the main train station
It was not until the main train station , which went into operation in 1846 , that a main repair workshop was built, along with a central magazine with a locomotive heating local , several remises and workshop buildings. The first locomotive charging systems of the Bavarian railways were designed for the supply of firewood, because the import of coal from England was too expensive and wood was initially the easiest to procure among the domestic fuels. When the Augsburg plant was built, the plant was initially designed to be fed with peat. Coal was only burned after the construction of the supply routes in Palatinate, Baden and Württemberg made saark coal of suitable quality available in sufficient quantities.
In 1860 the functional designation was changed to the district workshop and the central magazine, in 1867 it became the main workshop , and in 1873 the company workshop . Four central workshops were in operation in Bavaria, in Munich , Nuremberg, Regensburg and Weiden, which later became repair shops . The term Betriebswerk was only valid from 1924. A special production facility for the repair and manufacture of wheels was developed in the workshop . Even back then, railway wheels consisted of a wheel spider and a bandage that was heated in a longitudinal annealing furnace and bent as a wheel tire and shrunk onto the wheel spider . (Only after the invention of the seamless wheel tire by Alfred Krupp could this production be converted). This specialty of the Augsburg depot and later the repair shop lasted in Augsburg until 1955.
In 1860 the main repair shop in Augsburg had 22 locomotives to maintain, around 1900 90 locomotives were assigned to it. From 1870 the locomotive treatment facilities were expanded to include two roundhouse sheds (called rotundas) with 54 stalls because they were too small. An electrical central station supplied the station facilities with electricity.
Depot in Hochfeld
Between 1902 and 1906, for reasons of space, it was relocated to the Hochfeld east of the Augsburg – Lindau railway, which opened in 1847 as part of the Ludwig-Süd-Nord-Bahn . With two turntables each with 31 permanent roundhouse, a multi-track wagon workshop with a covered transfer table and several smaller workshops, it was the largest railway depot in terms of area in the former Reichsbahndirektion Munich . Two administration buildings, overnight accommodation, locomotive washing system, petroleum and oil magazine, sanding system, slagging system and also residential buildings for railway workers were built in 1906 for a stock of almost 100 vehicles. Almost all Bavarian types were stationed here. In 1914, 123 locomotives of Bavarian designs were based here. After the First World War, machines of Prussian and later standard designs began their service in Augsburg in addition to Bavarian express locomotives by replacing losses caused by the war. In 1935, the depot had 94 steam locomotives, 32 electric locomotives and four trolleybuses.
After the electrification of the railway systems in and around Augsburg in 1931, an upswing began for the depot. In addition to extensions to include a deep well and water tower, teaching and canteen buildings were built, the locomotive straightening hall for electric vehicles received an axle recess; but also the steam locomotive treatment systems grew to include axle recess and extensions. In 1930 there were around 100 steam locomotives and 50 electric locomotives. But diesel vehicles were also maintained here in the form of the first small locomotives for shunting operations.
Up to 190 vehicles (1965) were located there at the same time, since 1931 also electric locomotives and since 1936 diesel locomotives. The Bw employed up to 1100 people (1975).
The electric locomotives were housed in the electrified Shed I, diesel and steam locomotives in Shed II, which, however, was only half its size due to bomb damage in World War II. Nevertheless, the war damage was very small compared to the main station.
Dissolution and re-use
After the maintenance of steam locomotives (1971) and old building locomotives was discontinued, the depot increasingly lost its importance and was dissolved at the end of 1998. There is a DB Energie diesel filling station on the premises . An urban development competition in 2002 was supposed to show possibilities for the conversion of the 23 hectare area. There are currently the following users: Bayerische Regiobahn , DB Regio , Staudenbahn , Bahnpark Augsburg with historical rail vehicles and the scrap recycling company Lau.
See also
literature
- Ernst Erhart: Railway junction Augsburg - the hub of rail traffic . GeraMond Verlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-932785-23-1 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reinhold Breubeck: railway junction Augsburg . Eisenbahn-Fachbuch-Verlag, Neustadt / Coburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-9810681-1-5 .
- ^ Ernst Erhard: Betriebswerk Augsburg 1 140 years of the Federal Railway Directorate Munich 1990 p. 24f
- ^ Ernst Erhard: Augsburg depot 1 140 years of the Munich Federal Railway Directorate 1990 p. 29
- ^ Ernst Erhard: Augsburg depot 1 140 years of the Munich Federal Railway Directorate 1990 p. 30
- ^ Ernst Erhard: Augsburg depot 1 140 years of the Munich Federal Railway Directorate 1990 p. 45
- ^ Ernst Erhard: Betriebswerk Augsburg 1 140 Years of the Federal Railway Directorate in Munich 1990 pp. 48–55
Coordinates: 48 ° 20 ′ 51.5 ″ N , 10 ° 53 ′ 35.5 ″ E