Bartholomäus Metlinger

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A regiment of young children. Cover picture of the Augsburg 1497 edition

Bartholomäus Metlinger (* after 1440 in Augsburg ; † in the winter of 1491/92 there) was a German doctor of the late Middle Ages .

Live and act

Bartholomäus, also known as Bartel, was one of the six children of the Augsburg city doctor Peter Metlinger (* around 1400; † 1484). Bartholomäus' brother Matthäus was a pharmacist and medical politician in Venice and Frankfurt am Main. With his brothers Johannes and Peter (the younger) he began to study in Freiburg im Breisgau in 1461, where he obtained the degree of Baccalaureus artium in 1463 and then began studying medicine in Italy. Bartholomäus Metlinger received his doctorate in medicine from the University of Bologna in 1470 . From 1476 he was city doctor in Nördlingen , from 1483 in Augsburg, probably as the successor to his deceased father.

His best-known work is the children's booklet published on December 7, 1473, renamed in 1474 by the Augsburg printer Hans Bämler to A Regiment of Young Children . It is the first German-language work on paediatrics . In it, Metlinger deals with the care of babies and toddlers up to the age of seven, with educational issues, childhood diseases and their treatment.

The formal model for Metlinger's children's booklet was the Libellus de egritudinibus infantum by Paulus Bagellardus , published in Padua in 1472 . Its main source, however, was the treatise De aegritudinibus puerorum (On diseases of children) from the 9th book of Liber ad Almansorem des Rhazes .

Metlinger's content and other treatises can also be found in a work on child care from birth, on childhood diseases and on raising children, by a presumably Bavarian author at the end of the 15th century.

Prints

Metlinger's children's booklet. Incunabula (prints from the 15th century)

place printer date Digitized
augsburg Günther Zainer December 7, 1473 BSB Munich
augsburg Johann Bämler August 28, 1474 BSB Munich
augsburg Johann Bämler August 5, 1476 BSB Munich
augsburg Hans Schaur November 10, 1497
augsburg Hans Schaur February 13, 1500 BSB Munich

Copies were made of the prints of the 15th century:

  • Munich, Cgm 601, Bl. 94r-116v = Augsburg copy of the second print from 1474
  • Klosterneuburg, Abbey Library, Cod. 278, Bl. 299va-314v, from 1478

The children's booklet was also printed in the 16th century:

  • alone, for example: Hermann Gülfferich, Frankfurt 1550
  • or in combination with other works, for example: Steyner, Augsburg 1531

See also

literature

  • Gundolf Keil , Friedrich Lenhardt: Metlinger, Bartholomäus. In: The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon. 2nd Edition. 1987, Vol. 6, Col. 460-467.
  • Gundolf Keil: Metlinger (Mettlinger), Bartholomäus (Bartel). In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil, Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 981 f.
  • Walter Martin Manzke: Remedia pro infantibus: Medicinal child therapy in the 15th and 16th centuries, presented using selected diseases (dissertation at the Pharmacy Department of the Philipps University of Marburg). 2008 ( pdf ).
  • John Ruräh: Bartholomaeus Metlinger - 1941 . In Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 35 (3), 1928, pp. 492-494.
  • Susanne Scheibenreiter: Diseases of the Child in the Middle Ages (Diploma thesis of the University of Vienna, Faculty of History). 2008 (93 pages; pdf ).

Web links

Commons : Bartholomaeus Metlinger  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gundolf Keil: 'Government of the Children'. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil, Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , pp. 1223 f .; here: p. 1223.
  2. ^ Libellus de egritudinibus infantum by Paulus Bagellardus, Padua 1472 (digitized version )
  3. ↑ Liber Rasis ad almansorum. Pentium de Leucho, Venice 1508, sheet 89r-90r (digital copy )
  4. ↑ Keil / Lenhardt 1987, pp. 461-463
  5. ↑ Scheibenreiter 2008, p. 28
  6. ^ Francis B. Brévart: 'Government of the Children'. In: Author's Lexicon . 2nd Edition. Volume 7, Col. 1103 f.
  7. ^ Karl Sudhoff . German medical incunabula. Barth, Leipzig 1908, pp. 38–43 (digitized version )
  8. ^ Arnold C. Klebs . Incunabula scientifica et medica. In: Osiris , Vol. IV, 8. 1–359, Bruges 1938, p. 228
  9. ^ Gundolf Keil: 'Government of the Children'. 2005, p. 1223.
  10. ^ Entry in the manuscript census
  11. ↑ (digitized version)
  12. ↑ (partially digitized)
  13. ↑ (digitized version)
  14. ↑ (digitized version)
  15. ↑ A detailed list of the prints from the 16th century in: Keil / Lenhardt 1987, column 462
personal data
SURNAME Metlinger, Bartholomäus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor of the late Middle Ages
DATE OF BIRTH 14th century or 15th century
PLACE OF BIRTH augsburg
DATE OF DEATH around 1491