Benedikt Tschachtlan

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The bear hunt in Bern, illumination from the so-called Tschachtlan Chronicle (1470).

Benedikt Tschachtlan (also: Bendicht ; * around 1420; † autumn 1493) was a Swiss chronicler , member of the Grand Council of Bern and delegate of the Diet .

Life

Benedikt Tschachtlan's father was probably Heinrich (also: Heinzmann) Tschachtlan , bailiff of Aarberg, who was promoted to the Bernese small council in 1422 and thus belonged to the ruling circle. According to the Tellbuch (tax list) Tschachtlan lived with his sisters Anna and Margaretha on Berner Kreuzgasse in 1448, and in 1452 he married Margaretha Schwab from Burgdorf , the widow of Hans von Kiental ( Venner zu Metzgern and Schultheiss von Burgdorf ). Tschachtlan had at least three children: Niklaus Tschachtlan was a Carthusian in Thorberg , Bendicht Tschachtlan (II.) Apparently died early and Margret Tschachtlan was married to Alexander Stocker from Schaffhausen. The fact that Tschachtlan married the widow of a butcher venner, was a butcher venner himself and in 1484 served as a butcher, suggests that Tschachtlan was originally a butcher, perhaps like his predecessor as Venner, the later mayor Peter Kistler , gradually ran the cattle trade and possibly his place in the Fleischschaal leased.

Political offices

Bendicht Tschachtlan was politically active for 45 years and held numerous important municipal offices during this time. In particular, he devoted himself to domestic politics. From 1453 to 1493 he was involved in important decisions in Bern: His work as a Grand Council included finance and construction, law, economics and the supervision of religious institutions. From 1451 he sat in the Great Council , 1455, 1464 to 1467, 1468 to 1491 and 1493 in the Small Council, from 1457 to 1466 he was a parlor journeyman to Distelzwang , 1458 to 1463 Schultheiss von Burgdorf, 1464 Ungelter, 1465 to 1483 Vogt of the monastery Fraubrunnen , 1469 to 1473 Venner zu Metzgern, 1471 Vogt of the Antonierspital , 1475 builder and 1484 butcher in Bern. In 1468 Tschachtlan took part in the Sundgau procession and from 1469 to 1474 he was several times Bernese envoy to federal diets , for example in 1469 in Schwyz, 1471 in Baden, 1472 in Zug and 1473 and 1477 in Lucerne. In the Twingherrenstreit 1470 he was a member of the court of arbitration, where he represented a nobility-friendly position.

Tschachtlan chronicle

Together with Heinrich Dittlinger Tschachtlan wrote the Tschachtlan chronicle , which is also known as the Bern Chronicle (but not to be confused with the Bern chronicle by Diebold Schilling the Elder ). This chronicle, created as a private work, established the pictorial tradition of Swiss chronicle. While Tschachtlan was writing the text, Dittlinger made the fair copy.

literature

  • Ellen Beer et al. (Ed.): Berns große Zeit , Bern 1999, pp. 189–191.
  • Roland Gerber: God is Burger in Bern. A late medieval urban society between rule building and social balance , Weimar 2001.
  • Alfred Andreas Schmid (ed.): Tschachtlan's picture chronicle , commentary volume, Lucerne 1988.
  • Regula Schmid: Tschachtlan-Dittlinger Chronik von Bern , in: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle , Vol. 2, pp. 1449-1451.
  • Johann Anton von Tillier : History of the Federal Free State of Bern from its origin to its fall in 1798, Volume 2 , C. Fischer, Bern 1838, pp. 581 f., Google Books
  • Gustav Tobler:  Tschachtlan, Benedict . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 38, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, p. 697 f.
  • Gustav Tobler: Bendicht Tschachtlan. 14-1493. In: Collection of Bernischer Biographien , Bern, 1896, pp. 564–565.
  • Urs Martin Zahnd : The educational situation in the Bernese councilors in the late Middle Ages. Distribution, character and function of education in the political leadership of a late medieval city , Bern 1979, pp. 147–148.
  • Urs Martin Zahnd: The economic and social environment of Bendicht Tschachtlans . In: Tschachtlans Bilderchronik, Luzern 1988, commentary volume, pp. 13-25.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gerber 2001, p. 440.
  2. ↑ Zahnd 1988, p. 20.
  3. ↑ Zahnd 1988, p. 21; Margaretha Scherer is an old reading mistake.
  4. ↑ Disc foundation from 1508 in the church Kirchberg BE, ill. S. here .
  5. ↑ Zahnd 1988, p. 21.
personal data
SURNAME Tschachtlan, Benedikt
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tschachtlan, Bendicht
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss chronicler and council member
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
DATE OF DEATH 1493