Bernd Rothmann
Bernd Rothmann , also Bernhard Rottmann (* 1495 in Stadtlohn near Borken / W .; † probably after 1535 ), was the main preacher of the so-called Anabaptists in Münster . As their intellectual head, he was, along with Chancellor Heinrich Krechting and cupbearer Wolter Schemering , one of the few leading figures who evidently managed to escape after the besieging Protestant Bishop Franz von Waldeck had stormed the city of Münster . In any case, Rothmann or his corpse were not found in the stormed city; Apart from unconfirmed mentions of contemporary witnesses, according to which he is said to have been seen in Oldenburg, Lübeck and Rostock afterwards, there is also no trace of Rothmann after 1535.
Life
Rothmann initially held the office of preacher at the St. Mauritz Church , then at St. Lamberti in Münster.
Merchants who sympathized with Luther, including the former mayor of Münster, Johann VII Droste zu Hülshoff (1467–1539), financed a trip to Marburg and Wittenberg , where he came into contact with Philipp Melanchthon and Johannes Bugenhagen . He tried out several Reformation directions before turning to the Anabaptism influenced by Melchior Hofmann . As a Zwinglian , he distributed the Lord's Supper in the form of mares , which earned him the nickname Stutenbernd .
In 1534 he published a book ( Bekentones des globens und Leben der common Christe zu Monster ), which was so widespread that the secretary of the Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , Wichmann ( Wichmannus Bramescanus ) , who came from Pente , refuted the Münsterische newen Valentinianer and Donatists known isses led to a further strengthening of Wiedertäufertums among Christians Osnabrück inn Westphalia prevent.
Work (selection)
- Eyn kortte confessions of the Lere, so H. Berndt Rothman van Statloen tho Sant Mauritius before the Stat Munster prediket hefft. (1532)
- Confessionis Doctrinae Bernhardi Rothmanni Stadlonensis, Ecclesiastae Mauritani, Epitome. (1532)
- Confessions of both Sacraments, Doepe vnde Nachtmaele , the Praedicanten tho Munster (1533)
- Bekentones of the globe and life of the common Christ to monsters. (1534)
- Eyne Restitution edder a Wedderstellinge right vnnde healthy Christian empty, Gelouens vnde Leuens vth Gades Genaden by de Meant Christi tho Munster on the roof (= "day") geuenn (1534)
- Eyn gantz troestlick report van der Wrake vnde Straffe of the Babilonischen Gruwels, to all were Israelites vnd Bundtgenoten Christi, hir vnde dar vorstroyet, by the meant Christi tho Munster (1534)
- Van erdesscher (= "earthly") and tyliker (= "temporal") violence. Report uith gotlyker (= "divine") Schryfft. (1535)
- Van concealment || the writings of Rykes CHRJSTJ / vnde van dem || daghe of the army / by de ghe = || meynte Christi tho || Muenster. || ... (1535) (Online: ULB Münster )
expenditure
- The writings of Bernhard Rothmann . Edited by Robert Stupperich (= The writings of the Munster Anabaptists and their opponents, Part 1. - Publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia; 32.1). Münster: Aschendorff, 1970.
- Writings from the Protestant side against the Anabaptists . Edited by Robert Stupperich (= The writings of the Munster Anabaptists and their opponents, Part 3. - Publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia; 32.3). Münster: Aschendorff, 1983.
literature
- Willem de Bakker, Michael Driedger, James M. Stayer (eds.): Bernhard Rothmann and the Reformation in Münster, 1530-35 . Kitchener, Ont. 2009. ISBN 978-1-926599-06-9
- Willem de Bakker: Bernhard Rothmann. The dialectic of radicalization in Münster . In: Hans-Jürgen Goertz (ed.): Radical Reformers. 21 biographical sketches from Thomas Müntzer to Paracelsus . Beck, Munich 1978, pp. 167-178. ISBN 3-406-06783-2
- Martin Brecht: The theology of Bernhard Rothmann . In: Yearbook for Westphalian Church History 78 (1985), 49–82.
- Heinrich Detmer: Images from the religious and social unrest in Münster during the 16th century. Part 2. Bernhard Rothmann. Church and social turmoil in Münster 1525–1535. Anabaptist communism . Coppenrath, Münster 1904 ( digitized as PDF )
- Bernhard Ebneth: Rothmann, Bernhard. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 126 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Ludwig Keller: Rothmann, Bernhard . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 29, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, pp. 364-370.
- Susanne Siebert: Rothmann, Bernhard. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 8, Bautz, Herzberg 1994, ISBN 3-88309-053-0 , Sp. 825-827.
Fiction
- Adolf Stern : The Anabaptists. Historical novella. Leipzig 1866: Rothmann is one of the main characters in this historical novella.
Web links
- Christian Neff, Ernst Crous , William Klassen and Gary K. Waite: Rothmann, Bernhard (approx. 1495- approx. 1535) . In: Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online .
- Literature by and about Bernd Rothmann in the catalog of the German National Library
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Rothmann, Bernd |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Rothmann, Bernhard |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German Anabaptists and their main preacher in Munster |
DATE OF BIRTH | 1495 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | City wages |
DATE OF DEATH | after 1535 |