Applications for the 2020 Summer Olympics

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Candidate logo of the victorious candidate city Tokyo

Six cities submitted applications to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to host the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2020 Summer Paralympics . Baku's applications for Azerbaijan and Doha for Qatar were not accepted for the final selection in May 2012. The Japanese Tokyo , the Turkish Istanbul and the Spanish Madrid received the approval for the final decision about the venue .

Application process

"Wishing City" phase

This first phase began on May 24, 2011 when the IOC invited all National Olympic Committees to apply. An official letter from the city applying and the respective NOK should be sent to the IOC by September 1, 2011. If the proposed date for the Olympic Games is outside the usual July to September period, a corresponding letter should be available by July 29, 2011 in Lausanne (the headquarters of the IOC).

“Applicant City” phase

With the signing of the “Candidate Acceptance Procedure” on September 15, 2011, the “Applicant City” phase began. The cities now became official applicants and had to transfer a fee of $ 150,000 to the IOC. In November 2011, the IOC held a seminar in which it informed the applicant cities about the further application process. The applicant cities then had until February 15, 2012 to prepare their application documents (the so-called "Application Files") and to send them to the IOC. The documents were evaluated by the IOC by April.

"Candidate City" phase

On May 24, 2012, the IOC in Québec announced which candidate cities belonged to the list of candidate cities, the "Candidate Cities", and were thus still in the running for the Olympic Games. These were Istanbul, Madrid and Tokyo. These three candidate cities had to submit further application documents, the "bid books", to the IOC by January 7, 2013. The “bid books” are much more extensive than the “application files” and serve as the basis for the visits of the evaluation committee, which checks the given data and evaluates the candidates again. The IOC assessments were presented to the public in June 2013. In the following weeks there were frequent presentations of the candidates before the host city was chosen by the IOC members on September 7th in Buenos Aires.

On May 24, 2012, the IOC announced that Tokyo, Madrid (12: 0 votes each by the Executive Committee) and Istanbul (11: 1 votes) were recognized as official candidate cities, while the applications from Doha (3: 9 votes) and Baku (0:12 votes) were rejected.

choice

Applications for the 2020 Summer Olympics (World)
Tokyo
Tokyo
Istanbul
Istanbul
Madrid
Madrid
Rome
Rome
Baku
Baku
Doha
Doha
Candidate Cities Red point, Former Candidate CitiesBlue point

Six applications had been submitted to the IOC by the end of the application period. On December 8, 2011, a drawing was drawn to determine the order in which applicants should make all presentations, including the one on decision day in Buenos Aires. This order was: Istanbul, Tokyo, Rome, Baku, Doha and Madrid. After the end of Rome's application, there were five possible venues left, about three months later, on May 23, 2012, the IOC announced that Istanbul , Tokyo and Madrid had achieved candidate city status.

The members of the IOC decided on September 7, 2013 in Buenos Aires on the location of the Olympic Games 2020. In the first round of voting, Tokyo received 42 votes. There was a tie of 26-26 votes between Madrid and Istanbul. A runoff ballot (49:45 votes) decided that Istanbul was in the final vote. There Tokyo received 60 votes (Istanbul 36).

place country Round 1 Runoff round 2
Tokyo JapanJapan Japan 42 - 60
Istanbul TurkeyTurkey Turkey 26th 49 36
Madrid SpainSpain Spain 26th 45 -

Corruption suspected

According to the Parisian Finance Prosecutor's Office, two payments with the subject "Tokyo 2020 Olympic Game Bid" were made from a Japanese account to the Black Tidings company in Singapore in July and October 2013 , with a sum in Amount of 2.8 million Singapore dollars (around 1.8 million euros) went. The owner of Black Tidings was close to Papa Massata Diack , the son of the former President of the World Athletics Federation (IAAF) , Lamine Diack , against whom the French judiciary is investigating in connection with doping and corruption at the IAAF, was made aware of the suspicious payments in this context and opened a separate corruption investigation. At the end of October 2017, an email communication between Lamine Diack and his son Papa Massata Diack on the day of the IOC's decision for Tokyo became public, which, according to the criminal investigators of the Paris special prosecutor "Parquet National Financier" (PNF), has particular evidential value because, according to this, Lamine Diack actually had an impact on the voting behavior of the African bloc, which under no circumstances should speak in favor of Madrid. Unlike Lamine Diack, who is under house arrest in France, Papa Massata Diack was able to go underground in Senegal because Interpol has been looking for him since 2016 .

Candidate cities

Tokyo

Tokyo hosted the Games in 1964 . Also in 1940 Tokyo was scheduled to host the games, but they had to after the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War on July 16, 1938 to return to the IOC. In addition, the city competed unsuccessfully for the 1960 and 2016 games.

Almost all competitions are to be held within eight kilometers of the Olympic village. Only the soccer games - the Ajinomoto Stadium in Chofu , the Sapporo Dome in Sapporo , the Miyagi Stadium in Sendai , the Saitama Stadium in Saitama and the Nissan Stadium in Yokohama - and the modern pentathlon would take place outside this area. Within the 8 km radius, the sports facilities should be located in the Heritage Zone in the north (including the Olympic Stadium ; sports: track and field, rugby, table tennis, handball, judo, road bike races, weight lifting and boxing) and the Tokyo Bay Zone in the south ( among others with the media center; sports: volleyball, BMX, track cycling, gymnastics, tennis, triathlon, marathon, beach volleyball, wrestling, fencing, taekwondo, hockey, equestrian sports, rowing, canoeing, badminton, basketball, archery and swimming). Due to the high hotel capacity of over 100,000 rooms in Tokyo, building a media village would not be necessary.

The logo shows cherry blossoms (for symbolism see Cherry Blossom Festival ). On July 19, 2012 the official slogan of the application - "Discover Tomorrow" - was announced.

Tokyo is very densely populated: According to statistics, 9,055,257 people live in Tokyo on 622 km² (14,558.8 inhabitants / km²); Over 35 million people (over 2,600 inhabitants / km²) live in the metropolitan region.

Istanbul

So far, no Olympic Games have been held in Turkey. Istanbul has competed unsuccessfully for the 2000 , 2004 , 2008 , 2012 and 2020 games five times .

Istanbul's sports facility plan envisaged hosting the competitions within three large zones. The Ataturk Olympic Stadium would have been located in the Olympic City Zone . In addition to the athletics competitions, gymnastics, boxing, table tennis, wrestling, badminton, hockey, tennis, swimming, equestrian sports, fencing, shooting and modern pentathlon would have been held here. The Olympic village, the media village and the press center were also located in this area. Further south, the Coastal Zone was planned with sports facilities for basketball, judo, taekwondo, track cycling, sailing, handball, walking, road cycling and triathlon. These sports facilities included u. a. the Sinan Erdem Dome and the Ataköy Athletics Arena built for the 2012 IAAF Indoor World Championships . In the new Bosphorus Stadium for 100,000 spectators, the opening and closing ceremonies would have taken place in the Bosphorus Zone . There would also have been sports facilities for weightlifting, rugby, marathon, rowing, canoeing, archery and beach volleyball. In the north of Istanbul, golf, BMX, mountain bike and canoe slalom would have taken place in the Forest Zone . In addition to the sports facilities mentioned in the zones, there should also be the Ülker Sports Arena for volleyball. The Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium and the Türk Telekom Arena in Istanbul, the Kayseri Kadir Has Stadium in Kayseri , the New Ankara Stadium in Ankara , the New Antalya Stadium in Antalya , the New Izmir Stadium in Izmir and the Bursa Timsah Arena in Bursa act. The finals would have taken place in the Ataturk Olympic Stadium.

The slogan of the application was "Bridge Together". The logo showed a tulip and Istanbul's silhouette on the Bosporus .

Madrid

Logo of the candidacy of Madrid

On July 20, 2011, the Spanish Olympic Committee ( Comité Olímpico Español , COE for short) confirmed the application of the state capital Madrid for the 2020 Olympic Games. Spain hosted the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona . For Madrid itself it was the fourth application in total, the third in a row. In the election for the 1972 Olympic Games , Munich ultimately won the vote; in the vote for 2012 , Madrid narrowly failed in the third round to Paris and the eventual host, London , and at the IOC meeting to determine the 2016 Games , Madrid's candidacy reached the Final round where they lost to Rio de Janeiro .

Madrid's plan was to host most of the competitions in two zones, each consisting of two clusters within Madrid. The Villa Olímpica cluster with the Olympic village and sports facilities for athletics, track cycling, BMX, gymnastics and swimming competitions would have been located in the eastern Zona Campo de las Naciones . The Estadio de Madrid , which is currently being expanded, should be used as the Olympic stadium . The IFEMA cluster with the media center and village would have been further north . The IFEMA exhibition center was intended as a venue for badminton, boxing, fencing, weightlifting, wrestling, judo, taekwondo and table tennis. In the Ciudad Real Madrid , the venues for field hockey were found and the Estadio Alfredo Di Stéfano had been scheduled for 7-rugby.

In the western Zona Manzanares is the Club de Campo cluster , with the Club de Campo Villa de Madrid , which should have acted as a sports facility for archery, modern pentathlon and golf. In the same area is the Hipódromo de la Zarzuela , where the equestrian competitions could have been held. Also in the west of the city is the Casa de Campo cluster with the city ​​park of the same name , which could have been used as a venue for mountain bikes and triathlons, and the Madrid Arena for handball. In addition, competitions in tennis ( Caja Mágica ) as well as rowing, canoeing and long-distance swimming (Circuito de Regatas Madrid / Getafe) should take place in the Zona Manzanares , but outside the two clusters .

The intended venues for basketball ( Las Ventas ), volleyball ( Barclaycard Center ), beach volleyball ( Parque del Buen Retiro ), sport shooting (Centro de Tiro Paracuellos de Jarama ) and canoe slalom (Canal de Slalom de La Gavia) were not within the two main zones. and the Estadio Santiago Bernabéu , which was planned for the soccer final.

Six competition venues were planned outside of the Madrid metropolitan area . Sailing should take place in Valencia , other football venues would have been the Olympic Stadium in Barcelona , the Estadio de La Romareda in Saragossa , the Rosaleda Stadium in Málaga , the Estadio Nuevo Arcángel in Cordoba and the José Zorrilla Stadium in Valladolid . The competition venues outside the capital were chosen so that they would have been connected to Madrid via the Spanish high-speed network Alta Velocidad Española .

Madrid's logo was the stylized representation of the Puerta de Alcalá . The application ran under the slogan "illuminate the future".

Former applications

Rome

Logo of Rome's failed candidacy

The NOK of Italy had already submitted the application to the IOC on May 19, 2010. The chairman of the board of directors of Ferrari , Luca Cordero di Montezemolo , was to be the chairman of the bid company . Rome hosted the 1960 Olympic Games . The 1908 Games had also been awarded to Rome, but were withdrawn from the city due to organizational deficiencies and given to London. Further applications by the city for the Olympic Games in 1924, 1936, 1940 and 1944 were unsuccessful. The city last applied to host the 2004 Games and only lost to Athens in the last ballot. On February 14, 2012, Rome withdrew the application due to the financial crisis.

Rome proposed venues in six zones. In the Foro Italico Olympic Park Precinct , athletics and the football finals would have taken place in the Olympic Stadium . In addition, the Stadio del Nuoto and the Stadio del Tennis would have played swimming here. In the Tor Vergata Cluster in the south-eastern suburb of Tor Vergata, the sports archery, basketball, handball, volleyball, track cycling and BMX were planned. Near the airport, tennis, gymnastics, weightlifting, table tennis, fencing, badminton, taekwondo, judo and wrestling were held in the Nuovo Fiera di Roma cluster . In the Colosseo Cluster there would have been temporary sports facilities for beach volleyball and road cycling near the Colosseum . In EUR cluster triathlon, boxing and field hockey took place and Villa Ada cluster there would have been the modern pentathlon and mountain to marvel at. In addition, some venues outside of these zones were planned: Ostia for open water swimming, Formia for sailing, the Piazza di Siena for equestrian sports, the Olgiata Golf Club for golf, Settebagni for rowing and canoeing, the Stadio Flaminio for rugby 7, Lunghezza for shooting as well the stadiums for the preliminary soccer matches in Milan , Turin , Florence , Verona , Bari and Naples .

After it was already known that Rome had withdrawn, the logo was presented. It depicts the Colosseum in stylized form. The slogan of the application was “A time for history”.

Baku

Logo of Baku's failed candidacy

Baku applied for the second time to host the Olympic Games; the city had already failed the pre-selection in the application for 2016 . So far, no major sporting events have been held in town or country. On May 23, 2012, Baku was not included in the list of candidate cities by the IOC.

Baku had proposed that the competitions be held in five zones, so-called "clusters". The waterfront cluster would have been on the Caspian Sea. The Kristallhalle , built especially for the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 , would have been the venue for judo. In addition, sailing, triathlons, road races, open water swimming and beach volleyball took place in the waterfront cluster. East of this zone - also on the Caspian Sea - would have been the White City Cluster in the newly built district of Baku White City. The track cycling and tennis competitions would have taken place there near the Olympic village. The media village and center would also have been built there. The Olympic Stadium Cluster would have been about five kilometers north of the Olympic Village. The competitions in athletics, gymnastics, swimming, 7-a-side rugby, archery and some football games would have been held around the Baku Olympic Stadium, which is currently under construction. Near the airport was the Airport Cluster planned. Fencing, table tennis, taekwondo, handball, weightlifting, basketball, equestrian sports, hockey, modern pentathlon and golf took place in the "Baku Expo Center", the second largest exhibition center in the GuS states . To the west of Baku around Lake Khojahasan in Lake Khojahasan Precinct, the rowing, canoeing, mountain biking, sport shooting and boxing competitions would have been held. The Tofiq Bəhramov Stadium and stadiums in Qəbələ , Gəncə and Sumqayıt were used as football venues .

Baku's applicant logo was based on the carpets typical of the country. The slogan was “Together we can!”.

Doha

Logo of the failed Doha candidacy

After successfully applying for the soccer World Cup in 2022 , the country now also wanted to host the Olympic Games; when applying for the 2016 Games , Doha failed in the preselection. The International Olympic Committee accepted a request to host the Games in autumn due to the summer heat in Qatar, but Doha was not named a candidate city by the IOC.

Similar to Baku, Doha's application concept envisaged a plan with five zones. The Games Center in the north of Doha would have housed the Olympic Village as well as the Media Village, the Media Center and the venue for golf. To the north, in the Lusail urban development project , the Doha Olympic Park will be built. In addition to the sports facilities for archery, sport shooting, cycling, swimming and gymnastics, the Lusail Iconic Stadium will also be built here for the opening and closing ceremonies and the football finals. Athletics, boxing and water polo competitions were held in the Aspire Zone around the Khalifa International Stadium . In Education City to equestrian sports would leave marvel of the modern pentathlon, fencing, table tennis, taekwondo and handball. The rugby, volleyball, rowing, canoeing and sailing competitions would have been held in the so-called Water Park on the site of Doha Airport , which is to be replaced by Hamad International Airport this year . In addition to these sports facilities, there would have been others in Doha, but outside the sports facility zone. These included the Jassim Bin Hamad Stadium for field hockey and the sports facilities for badminton, rhythmic gymnastics, road cycling, triathlon, beach volleyball, basketball, weightlifting, judo, wrestling and tennis. Doha had proposed the Al-Gharafa Stadium , Al-Khor Stadium , Al-Raayan Stadium and Al-Wakrah Stadium as the venues for the preliminary soccer matches .

The Doha logo represented the large tree on whose roots, according to legend, the city of Doha was built. The slogan of the application was "inspiring change".

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Olympic Games 2020: Madrid, Istanbul and Tokyo are vying for the award. In: spiegel.de. Spiegel Online , May 24, 2012, accessed July 30, 2013 .
  2. ↑ 2020 Candidature Acceptance Procedure. (PDF; 1.4 MB) In: olympic.org. International Olympic Committee , May 24, 2011, accessed May 27, 2011 .
  3. ^ Games organizers present activity reports to the IOC Executive Board. In: olympic.org. International Olympic Committee, December 8, 2011, accessed April 12, 2012 .
  4. ↑ faz.net: Tokyo hosts the 2020 Summer Games article from September 7, 2013
  5. ↑ a b Investigators investigate suspicious payments , Olympia 2020, on: spiegel.de, May 12, 2016, accessed October 24, 2017
  6. ↑ Silke Bernhart: Flash News of the Day - Controversial Mails: Tokyo 2020 is moving further into the twilight ( memento of the original from October 25, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Notes, from: Leichtathletik.de, October 23, 2017, accessed October 24, 2017 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.leichtathletik.de
  7. ↑ a b Thomas Kistner: "We have to clarify this during the break" , Olympic scandal, on: sueddeutsche.de, from October 22, 2017, accessed October 24, 2017
  8. ↑ Venue Plan. (No longer available online.) In: tokyo2020.jp. Archived from the original on May 27, 2012 ; accessed on March 25, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tokyo2020.jp
  9. ^ Tokyo Extends an Invitation to “Discover Tomorrow” through 2020 Bid Campaign. In: tokyo2020.jp. Retrieved July 20, 2012 (English).
  10. ↑ Luca Rebeggiani, Fatma Rebeggiani & Hülya Deniz: The Long Road to the Five Rings - An Economic Analysis of Istanbul's Applications for the Olympic Games . In: SCIAMUS - Sport and Management . tape 9 , no. 2 , 2018, p. 46-67 .
  11. ^ The Plan. (No longer available online.) In: istanbul2020.com.tr. Archived from the original on March 4, 2012 ; accessed on March 25, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.istanbul2020.com.tr
  12. ↑ İstanbul 2020'nin Slogani: “Bridge Together”. (PDF; 289 kB) (No longer available online.) In: istanbul2020.com.tr. March 25, 2013, formerly in the original ; Retrieved August 1, 2013 (Turkish).  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.istanbul2020.com.tr  
  13. ↑ El Ayuntamiento y the COE ponen a Madrid en la Carrera olímpica de 2020. In: coe.es. Retrieved July 20, 2011 (Spanish).
  14. ↑ Application File. (PDF; 11.5 MB) (No longer available online.) In: madrid2020.es. Archived from the original on June 26, 2012 ; accessed on March 25, 2012 (PDF, English / French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.madrid2020.es
  15. ↑ Rome Is Italy's Candidate In 2020 Summer Games Bid. Retrieved May 27, 2011 .
  16. ↑ SID : Olympia Olympia: Montezemolo will be Rome's OC boss for Olympia 2020. (No longer available online.) In: handelsblatt.com. Handelsblatt , February 20, 2011, archived from the original on December 15, 2015 ; Retrieved May 27, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.handelsblatt.com
  17. ↑ Roma 2020 Application File. (PDF; 39.9 MB) (No longer available online.) In: 2020roma.it. Archived from the original on February 26, 2012 ; accessed on April 12, 2012 (PDF, English / French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / 2020roma.it
  18. ↑ Baku 2020 Map. (No longer available online.) In: baku2020.com. Archived from the original on March 25, 2012 ; accessed on March 25, 2012 (English / French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / baku2020.com
  19. ↑ Doha 2020 Application File. (No longer available online.) In: doha2020.qa. Formerly in the original ; accessed on March 25, 2012 (PDF, English / French).  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.doha2020.qa