Bottwar

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Bottwar
upper run name: Auklingenbach
The Bottwar at Prevorst

The Bottwar at Prevorst

Data
Water code DE : 238388
location Swabian-Franconian forest mountains

Neckar basin

Baden-Württemberg

River system Rhine
Drain over Murr  → Neckar  → Rhine  → North Sea
source west of the Stocksberg hunting lodge on the border between the Beilstein and Löwenstein forests.
49 ° 4 ′ 1 ″  N , 9 ° 23 ′ 54 ″  E
Source height slightly below  480  m above sea level NHN
muzzle near Steinheim from the right and north-northeast in the lowest Murr coordinates: 48 ° 57 '51 "  N , 9 ° 16' 13"  E 48 ° 57 '51 "  N , 9 ° 16' 13"  E
Mouth height approx.  194  m above sea level NHN
Height difference approx. 286 m
Bottom slope approx. 16 ‰
length 18.3 km with Auklingenbach
Catchment area 79.58 km²
Discharge at the Steinheim
A Eo gauge : 76 km².
Location: 1.2 km above the mouth 		NNQ (09/03/1991)
MNQ
MQ
Mq
 MHQ
HHQ (-) 		170 l / s
250 l / s
660 l / s
8.7 l / (s km²)
 - -dep1
dep1
Communities EZG only :

The Bottwar is a right tributary of the Murr in Baden-Württemberg . It rises in the Löwenstein mountains and flows in a south-westerly direction. The Bottwartal forms the north-eastern corner of the Ludwigsburg district ; smaller parts of it also flow in the Heilbronn district .

Surname

It is believed that the name of the river from the city of Großbottwar is derived, which as early as in 779 Boteburon 873 as and Bodibura is mentioned. The river was first documented as Botebor in 1260 .

There are two theories about the origin of the place name. One derives the name from Celtic and interprets it as "settlement in the flood plain" or "swamp settlement". A similar river name, for which the same Celtic derivation is assumed, is the Slovak Bodva .

The other derivation interprets the place name with reference to the Germanic first name Bodo as "Houses of Bodo".

In a document from 1555 the name of the river appears as Altbach . However, this name did not catch on, instead the city was later called Großbottwar, also to distinguish it from the village of Kleinbottwar further downstream , and the name was transferred to the river. The office with its seat in Großbottwar was still called "Amt Bottwar" for a long time.

A tributary of the Bottwar, which flows from Winzerhausen at Großbottwar, is called Kleine Bottwar .

geography

course

The Bottwar arises about 0.4 km west of the Stocksberger Jagdhaus at about 477  m above sea level. NN at the municipal boundary between Beilstein in the northwest - on this side the Waldgewann Eselsbiß borders - and the community exclave of Löwenstein in the southwest, which is south of Stocksberg - from it borders the Seizengehren . It is initially called Auklingenbach and soon flows south in a deep valley and after about one kilometer it crosses over to the district of Oberstenfeld .

After that, the Bottwar initially runs in a south-westerly direction, already under its name Bottwar, past the Upper Oil Mill, at the following Lower Oil Mill the Brudertalbach from the south of Prevorst runs towards it from the left . Here, the K 2092 enters the valley from the same direction, which is called Prevorster Tal here , until it emerges from the forest before Gronau, takes the Kurzach from the left and then immediately reaches Gronau. From here she now moves through the open landscape. Behind the village, the long Schmidbach flows from the right , and at the beginning of the nearby municipality-capital Oberstenfeld with the Söhlbach, a quite long tributary again from the right. All three tributaries are about the same length as the Bottwar itself or even longer at the point of confluence.

From Oberstenfeld the landscape has changed fundamentally. The Bottwar has reached the Neckar basin and now flows in a wide valley, which is very busy with settlement and traffic, the slopes of which, like those of the side valleys, are heavily influenced by viticulture , while the loess areas near the river are used for agriculture. On the right, north-western side of the valley, there are the Wunnenstein , the Forstberg and the Köchersberg, three witness mountains of the Löwenstein Mountains, on the left-hand side of the valley, Lichtenberg (with the castle of the same name ), Harzberg and Benning mark the most south-westerly foothills of the mountain ranges.

The Bottwar shortly before its confluence with the Murr

Right behind Oberstenfeld the Bottwar crosses over to the Großbottwarer area, on the right past the “Hof und Lembach” district, the Bottwar reaches the city itself, where it passes the old town to the northeast on the right bank and then takes in the Kleine Bottwar from the same side . The river has now made two thirds of its way, flows southward out of the city area and crosses into the district of Steinheim an der Murr , where it first crosses Kleinbottwar . Here the small river deepens its valley a little when it reaches the Muschelkalks , but soon reaches Steinheim itself again on a south-westerly course. Here the Bottwar passes the old town center on the estuary spur on its left, runs a few hundred meters next to an industrial area in a straightened area Run and then flows about 18 km below its origin at about 194  m above sea level. NN from the right into the lowest Murr .

Catchment area

The catchment area of ​​the Bottwar covers about 80 km², measured against it it is the largest tributary of the Murr, but in length it is exceeded by the Buchenbach .

Its catchment area is half in the southwest of the Löwenstein Mountains and half in the adjacent part of the eastern Neckar basin. In the north about it extends to the southern branch of the K 2097 from the current west to Etzlenswenden L 1116. The trail of the county road follows the watershed quite close by Stockberg until after Prevorst and runs here between Kurzach and Nassach through to the Charlottenhöhe on the Fuchsberg . Here it bends west to north of Altersberg and then turns south-west, crosses the glider airfield on the open plateau and reaches the summit of the Harzberg via the saddle at the Neuwirtshaus on the crossing road from Oberstenfeld to Aspach . From here it goes over the Forsthof quite steadily southwest to the confluence in Steinheim.

From there, the catchment area border continues to the north, past Höpfigheim to the right to the Kälblings forest crest , then in a lead over the Mundelsheim motorway junction to the eastern Hummelsberg and back east over the Wunnenstein . To the west of Beilstein and to the east of Helfenstein, the watershed now runs north to the spur of Wildeck Castle , in the opposite direction to the east-north-east, between Farnersberg and Etzlensendung , to the junction south of Löwenstein.

In the north it still includes Wildeck Castle and the "seven hamlets" around Etzlensendung , its border is further marked by the Höhenstraße that runs past Stocksberg and Prevorst, by the Höhenweg towards Kurzach / Nassach and the Fuchsbühl. Other distinctive watersheds are the Neuwirtshaus on the road from Oberstenfeld to Aspach in the east and the Wunnenstein in the west. At Winzerhausen (district of Großbottwar) the catchment area extends slightly beyond the A 81 .

Competitors across the watershed are clockwise: the Schozach to the northwest and north; the Sulm very briefly in the north; the "Spiegelberger" Lauter from north to east; Klöpferbach , Wüstenbach , then some smaller tributaries of the Murr in the southeast; smaller streams to the Neckar in the southwest and the Liebensteiner Bach in the west.

At the Steinheim gauge, which is 1.2 km above the mouth, the Bottwar has an average discharge of 0.66 m³ / s.

Tributaries

List of tributaries from the source to the mouth. With length, partly catchment area, each rounded to one decimal place; partly with source and mouth heights. Other sources are noted.

Source of the Bottwar, initially called Auklingenbach , about 0.4 km west of the Stocksberg hunting lodge on the border between the Beilstein and Löwenstein forests at a little below 480  m above sea level. NHN . The stream initially flows in a west arch on the municipality boundary to the south.

  • Stream from the grinding blade , from the left and northeast to below 390  m above sea level. NHN , 1.0 km. Arises at about 475  m above sea level. NHN . The boundary of the community exclave, separated from the Beilstein area from the rest of Löwenstein in the north, with the Stocksberger Jagdhaus as the only settlement area, runs uphill along this inlet, the Auklingenbach overflows at its confluence with the Oberstenfeld exclave around Prevorst and now runs southwest.
  • Waldklingenbach vom Steinbühl , from the left and south-east to about 374.3  m above sea level. NN , 0.7 km. Arises at about 450  m above sea level. NHN .
  • At the exit from the Prevorster exclave to the main part of the Beilsteiner district, the 2.5 km long Auklingenbach changes its name to Bottwar a little before the upper oil mill and then soon runs in the narrow meadows of the Prevorster valley .
  • Brudertalbach , from the left and east-southeast to about 270  m above sea level. NHN at the Beilsteiner residential area Untere Ölmühle, 3.1 km. Rises from the Spitzersbrunnen at a little under 460  m above sea level. NHN close to Prevorst. Along this tributary, the K 2092 descends into the valley.
  • Shortly after , from the left and west to 249.8  m above sea level. NN shortly after the change to Oberstenfelder district and shortly before its village Gronau, 5.0 km and 8.8 km². Arises east of the Spiegelberg hamlet Kurzach at about 440  m above sea level. NHN .
  • Schmidbach , from the right and north-northeast to about 230  m above sea level. NHN between Gronau and Oberstenfeld, 8.6 km and 14.2 km². Arises at about 480  m above sea level. NHN in the Eselsbiss forest west of Stocksberg, only 0.3 km north of the Auklingenbach source. From this inflow, the Bottwar runs more southerly.
  • Söhlbach , from the right and north in Oberstenfeld at over 225  m above sea level. NHN , 5.6 km and 7.3 km². Has two headwaters of almost the same length, the shorter drains Lake Anna at 376.1  m above sea level. NN , which is almost twice as long with about twice as much catchment area at a little below 350  m above sea level. NHN east of Wildeck Castle and about 0.7 km north of Lake Annas.
  • Hasenbach , from the left and southeast shortly afterwards in Oberstenfeld, 3.1 km. Arises below 360  m above sea level. NHN in the Eschach hillside forest .
  • Heuerbach , from the right and northwest to over 220  m above sea level. NHN at the Oberstenfeld sewage treatment plant, 3.0 km. Arises below 285  m above sea level. NHN at the northwest foot of the Forstberg .
  • Mäusklingenbach , from the right and northwest to about 220  m above sea level. NHN opposite the Großbottwarer district of Hof and Lembach, 1.5 km. Arises at the height of about 255  m above sea level. NHN .
  • Lembach , from the left and east through Hof and Lembach to 218.4  m above sea level. NN , 2.2 km. Arises under the eastern part of the vineyard slope Eichpfad at less than 300  m above sea level. NHN .
  • Bach under the Amselrain , from the left and east to about 218  m above sea level. NHN at the Benzenmühle on the northeastern edge of Großbottwar , 1.2 km. Arises at the edge of the forest at about 250  m above sea level. NHN .
  • Bach from the Halden , from the left and southwest to about 215  m above sea level. NHN in Großbottwar, 1.0 km. Arises at the bottom edge of the forest of Halden at about 265  m above sea level. NHN .
  • Kleine Bottwar , from the right and northwest to over 210  m above sea level. NHN in the downstream Großbottwar, 4.8 km and 13.6 km². Arises west of the A 81 in the beginning forest at about 270  m above sea level. NHN .
  • Hagelsklingengraben , from the right and northwest to about 207  m above sea level. NHN on the municipal boundary of Steinheim an der Murr , 1.4 km. Arises in the Abtsackern at about 265  m above sea level. NHN .
  • Wehrbach , from the right and east to about 206  m above sea level. NHN in Kleinbottwar , 1.8 km. Arises north of the associated hamlet of Forsthof at about 280  m above sea level. NHN .
  • Riedbach , from the right and north in Steinheim a stone's throw from the Bottwar estuary, 3.1 km. Arises west of Kleinbottwar in the hose at about 245  m above sea level. NHN .

Mouth of the Bottwar in Steinheim an der Murr next to Industriestrasse at 194  m above sea level. NN from the left and finally northeast into the lowest Murr . The stream here is 18.3 km long and has a catchment area of ​​79.6 km² behind it.

traffic

Larger traffic routes do not lead through the Bottwartal; the Bottwartalbahn , which once connected Marbach am Neckar with Heilbronn , was discontinued in 1968 and its route was converted into a cycle path.

natural reserve

Until it emerges from the forest above Gronau, the Bottwar lies in the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park . A headwaters there on the right in the Kohlkammer is designated as an extensive natural monument . Then the river runs through various landscape protection areas, apart from in localities and apart from the short section between Gronau and Oberstenfeld .

In the 2004 water report, the course of the river to Gronau was classified as “slightly polluted” ( quality class  I – II), and below that as “moderately polluted” (quality class II).

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​the Bottwar
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

  1. ↑ a b Height according to the contour line image on the topographic map background layer .
  2. ↑ Height after labeling in blue on the background layer Topographic map of the LUBW map server at a scale of 1: 25,000.
  3. ↑ a b c Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
  4. ↑ a b Catchment area summed up from the sub-catchment areas according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
  5. ↑ Catchment area according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
  6. ↑ a b c Height after black lettering on the background layer topographic map .
  7. ↑ a b Height according to the blue lettering on the background layer of the topographic map .

Other evidence

  1. ↑ Josef Schmithüsen : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 161 Karlsruhe. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1952. →  Online map (PDF; 5.1 MB)
  2. ↑ Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. →  Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
  3. ^ Friedrich Huttenlocher , Hansjörg Dongus : Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 170 Stuttgart. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1949, revised 1967. →  Online map (PDF; 4.0 MB)
  4. ↑ a b Flood Forecast Center , State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg
  5. ↑ The people in Bottwartal speak Mantakish ( memento of the original from May 29, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Website for the city anniversary Großbottwars) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.grossbottwar-feiert.de
  6. ↑ Stadtgeschichte Großbottwars ( Memento of the original from December 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.grossbottwar.de
  7. ↑ Willi Müller-Erdmannhausen: The river names of our district . In: Hie good Württemberg . tape 1 , no. 9 , 1950, pp. 67-68 .
  8. ↑ Water quality map Baden-Württemberg 2004 ( Memento from September 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive )

literature

  • Topographical map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 6921 Großbottwar, No. 6922 Wüstenrot and No. 7021 Marbach

Web links