Carl Gustav Jochmann

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Carl Gustav Jochmann (* February 9th July / February 20,  1789 greg. In Pernau / Livonia ; † July 24, 1830 in Naumburg (Saale) ) was a Baltic German journalist .

Life

Carl Gustav Jochmann attended the cathedral school in Riga . From 1807 to 1809 he studied law in Leipzig , Göttingen and Heidelberg . From 1810 to 1819 he worked as a lawyer in Riga, interrupted by a stay in England, where he had fled in view of the Napoleonic troops advancing on Riga in July 1812 . From 1819 to 1822 he toured the German states, Switzerland and France and stayed mainly in Berlin, Dresden and Paris. In 1822 he settled in Karlsruhe.

Jochmann was an important political journalist of the Vormärz . Most of his writings had to appear anonymously as a result of the “press law” of the Karlsbad resolutions . In his essays, glosses, aphorisms and letters, Jochmann analyzed and commented on the political and social conditions in the German states. He eloquently and sharply criticized their backwardness in comparison with revolutionary France and evolutionary England. Both are much more advanced on the way to civil liberties than the German states that persisted in late absolutism.

In his anonymous main work Über die Sprache (1828) he ties the analysis of political conditions to the state of language, more precisely to the lack of a culture of political debate, as it is in the journalistic (and therefore politically) advanced states of France and above all England sees realized. In contrast, he sees a dominance of poetic language in Germany, which he sees as the cause of the backwardness of German conditions. With this work, Jochmann attracted the attention of Werner Kraft and Walter Benjamin at the time of National Socialism .

In 1830, the article "About the public" appeared in Carl von Rotteck's magazine Allgemeinepolitische Annalen with the author's indication X. In it Jochmann advocates the public administration ( administrative transparency), ie the overcoming of official secrecy . The essay was published in 1833 by Heinrich Zschokke in the third part of the journal Prometheus .

Carl Gustav Jochmann was buried in Naumburg. In his will he had decreed that after his death his heart would be removed and sent to his friend, the businessman Konrad Heinrich von Sengbusch in Riga. The restored vase with the inscription “Cor Jochmanni” (Jochmann's heart) has been kept in the cloister of Riga Cathedral since 2015 .

expenditure

  • Letters from a person healed homeopathically to the future adversaries of homeopathy . Heidelberg 1829 (Reprint Heidelberg 1994, edited by Uwe Pörksen, with an afterword)
  • Carl Gustav Jochmann's, von Pernau, relics. From his abandoned papers. Collected by Heinrich Zschokke . Ribler, Hechingen 1836–1838 (3 volumes)
  • Collected Writings . Heidelberg 1998 (edited by Peter König, so far only volume 1 has been published).
  • About the language . Heidelberg 1828 (facsimile based on the original edition with Schlabrendorf's comments on language and the Jochmann biography of Julius Eckardt, edited by Christian Johannes Wagenknecht, Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 1968)
  • The regression of poetry . With an introduction and additional source texts by CG Jochmann, G. Vico and W. Jones, bibliography and index edited by Ulrich Kronauer. Hamburg 1982.
  • The untimely truth. Aphorisms, glosses and the essay “On the Public”. Edited, explained and provided with a life history and a register by Eberhard Haufe . Gustav Kiepenheuer Verlag, Leipzig and Weimar, 3rd edition, 1990.

literature

  • Walter Benjamin : The regression of poetry. By Carl Gutstav Jochmann . [1937], In: Ders .: Gesammelte Schriften , Vol. II, 2, Frankfurt 1999, pp. 572-598.
  • Markus Fauser: Say that I can see you. Carl Gustav Jochmann and the rhetoric in the Vormärz . Olms, Hildesheim, Zurich, New York 1986.
  • Carola L. Gottzmann , Petra Hörner: Lexicon of the German-language literature of the Baltic States and St. Petersburg . De Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019338-1 , p. 632-635 .
  • Horst Gundlach (Ed.): Carl Gustav Jochmann - Traces of a late Enlightenment in the 19th and 20th centuries (= Jochmann studies, volume 1). Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-8253-6705-3 .
  • Horst Gundlach: Carl Gustav Jochmann as a mercenary, as a testator, as a founder. Three studies on his life and afterlife (= Jochmann studies, volume 2). Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6943-9 .
  • Werner Kraft : Carl Gustav Jochmann and his circle. On German intellectual history between the Enlightenment and the Vormärz . CH Beck, Munich 1972.
  • Werner Kraft:  Jochmann, Carl Gustav. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5 , p. 448 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Ulrich Kronauer (ed.): Carl Gustav Jochmann. A cosmopolitan from Pernau , Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter 2020 (contributions to philosophy. New series), ISBN 978-3-8253-4678-2 .
  • Markus Malo: Language criticism and (no) an end (?). On the edition of Jochmann's "Collected Writings" . in Scientia Poetica 5/2001, pp. 122-142.
  • Jürgen Schiewe : Language and the Public. Carl Gustav Jochmann and the political language criticism of the late Enlightenment . Erich Schmidt, Berlin 1989.
  • Gerhard Wagner: Beyond Classical and Romanticism. The historical-philosophical, social and aesthetic views of Carl Gustav Jochmann and their position in the history of the progressive-bourgeois German ideology from 1789 to 1830 . Dissertation, Berlin 1978.

Web links

Wikiquote: Carl Gustav Jochmann  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Entry in the baptismal register of the Nikolaikirche zu Pernau (Estonian: Pärnu Nikolai kirik), church book 1775–1792, p. 422.
  2. ^ Carl Gustav Jochmann: The guarantees of the English constitution . In: Carl Gustav Jochmann's, von Pernau, relics . Vol. 1, Ribler, Hechingen 1836, pp. 296-338.
  3. ^ Heinrich Zschokke: Karl Gustav Jochmann, von Pernau. Communications on his life story . In: Carl Gustav Jochmann's, von Pernau, relics . Vol. 1, Ribler, Hechingen 1836, pp. 1–80, here p. 80.
  4. ^ Udo Bongartz: Carl Gustav Jochmann's heart is buried in the cloister of the Riga Cathedral . In: Latvian Press Review July 11, 2015.
personal data
SURNAME Jochmann, Carl Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German publicist
DATE OF BIRTH February 20, 1789
PLACE OF BIRTH Pernau
DATE OF DEATH July 24, 1830
Place of death Naumburg (Saale)