Carlat
| Carlat | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | |
| Department | Cantal | |
| Arrondissement | Aurillac | |
| Canton | Vic-sur-Cère | |
| Community association | Bassin d'Aurillac | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 53 ' N , 2 ° 34' E | |
| height | 480-906 m | |
| surface | 20.88 km 2 | |
| Residents | 352 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 17 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 15130 | |
| INSEE code | 15028 | |
 Carlat - town view |
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Carlat is a French town and municipality with 352 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Cantal department in the extreme southwest of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region .
Location and climate
The town and municipality of Carlat are located in the southwestern foothills of the Massif Central about 150 km (driving distance) southwest of Clermont-Ferrand at an altitude of about 780 m ; the next larger town is Aurillac (approx. 18 km to the west). The climate is temperate to warm; Rain (approx. 795 mm / year) falls over the year.
Population development
| year | 1800 | 1851 | 1901 | 1954 | 1999 | 2016 | ||
| Residents | 850 | 943 | 704 | 510 | 305 | 352 | ||
| Source: Cassini and INSEE | ||||||||
The phylloxera crisis and the increasing mechanization of agriculture led to a lack of jobs in the first half of the 20th century and, as a consequence, to a significant decline in the population. The municipality owns several hamlets (hamlets) .
economy
In earlier centuries, the residents of the community lived as a self-sufficient source of income from their fields and gardens, as well as from cattle breeding, the income of which (cheese, sausage and wool) could be sold at the Aurillac market. Since the 1960s, the rental of holiday apartments ( gîtes ) has been playing an increasingly important role.
history
Even under the Merovingians , the Carladès was a vice-county (vicomté) . The first mention of the place name Cartilatum comes from the year 839 when Ludwig the Pious besieged the castle rock (castrum) of Carlat - albeit in vain. In the Middle Ages this was surrounded by a 4 m high wall and was considered impregnable; In the years from 1276 to 1344, the Carladès belonged to the Kingdom of Mallorca . At the castle rock was a Coming (commanderie) of the Knights Templar . After its dissolution in the years 1307-1312, the castle came into the possession of the Order of St. John . Later Jean de Berry , who was also Duke of Auvergne , took power; his daughter Bonne de Berry took on the title of Vice Countess of Carlat and helped the town flourish. In the 15th century, Jacques d'Armagnac (1433–1477), Count of Pardiac and Vice-Count of Carlat, and from 1464 also Duke of Nemours, made the castle his residence; however, he joined the king's enemies in the Ligue du Bien public . In 1476 an army of Louis XI besieged . the castle, captured Jacques d'Armagnac, brought him to Paris where he was executed in August 1477. In 1603/04 the castle was demolished on the orders of Henry IV . In 1643 Carlat was raised to the state of a county (comté) and as thanks for loyal service of Louis XIII. handed over to Prince Honoré II of Monaco from the Grimaldis family . The Grimaldis still use the title “Graf von Carlat” in their title to this day; in France it no longer has any meaning since the revolution .
Attractions
- No remains of the former castle have survived. A model is shown in the tourist office (Office de Tourisme) of the town.
- The single-aisle Église Saint-Avit , built in the first quarter of the 16th century, is dedicated to St. Consecrated to Avitus of Vienne . In 1649 the dilapidated vault was replaced by a wooden structure and two small side chapels were added in the 18th century. The four-part roofed bell gable (clocher mur) , which was added later, is impressive , its buttress-like construction stabilizing the portal-free facade.
- Surroundings
- Approx. 2 km southwest of the town ( 44 ° 52 ′ 38 ″ N , 2 ° 33 ′ 42 ″ E ) is the imposing 17th century Château de Celles in need of extensive restoration .
- There are two privately owned mansions from the 17th and 18th centuries in the municipality. Century - the Manoir de Lachaux (approx. 3 km southwest near the hamlet of Lachau ) and the Manoir de Courbesserre (approx. 4 km southeast near the hamlet Lessenat ).
Personalities
- Bonne de Berry (1367–1435), Vice Countess of Carlat
- Jacques d'Armagnac (1433–1477), Duke of Nemours, Count of Pardiac and Vice-Count of Carlat
literature
- Ernest Delmas: Le Château de Carlat et le Carladès. Imprimerie moderne, Aurillac 1977.
Web links
Individual evidence