Chaleur Bay
| Chaleur Bay Baie des Chaleurs, Chaleur Bay |
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 The Baie des Chaleurs |
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| Waters | Gulf of Saint Lawrence | |
| Land mass |
Gaspé Peninsula , Acadian Peninsula |
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| Geographical location | 47 ° 50 ′ N , 65 ° 30 ′ W | |
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| length | 120 km | |
| Tributaries | Restigouche , Rivière Escuminac , Rivière Kempt , Eel River | |
 The central beye de chaleu with the lake, but without restigouche, in Carte geographique de la Novelle France by Samuel de Champlain , 1612 |
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The Chaleur Bay ( French Baie des Chaleurs ; English Chaleur Bay ) is a tributary of the Gulf of St. Lawrence , which also forms the border between the Canadian provinces of Québec and New Brunswick .
The bay has a meandering V-shape that is 120 km long and 25 km wide at its eastern confluence with the Gulf of St. Lawrence, where it also separates Gaspésie and the Acadian Peninsula . Both peninsulas are the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains in the north.
geography
At its beginning is the mouth of the Restigouche at Dalhousie , New Brunswick. The Restigouche forms a freshwater coastal lake near the cities of Campbellton and Pointe-a-la Croix , a further 20 km away, into which its funnel mouth with many large estuary islands flows at the village of Tide Head . Tide Head, translated as "tidal head", is also the end of the tidal influence and thus the Restigouche River is only navigable when the tide is at its highest.
The Baie des Chaleur offers the warmest conditions of any body of water north of the US state of Virginia and is a popular recreational area in summer with its countless bays and warm sandy beaches. In addition, with the Eel River Bar , it offers the second longest sandbank in the world. The meeting of fresh and salt water offers a species-rich biosphere , whose bird life is diverse and whose fish wealth is unique. The highlight is undoubtedly the most prominent salmon river Restigouche, but are continental widely known the excellent lobster ( Lobster ) - and scallop ( scallop ) portfolios. Today's Mi'kmaq, English and French-speaking residents of the bay are not members of the club for nothing: Most beautiful bays of the world .
history
The Chaleur Bay was named after its second European discoverer, the French Jacques Cartier . The name Baie des Chaleurs means something like "warm and dry bay". For the indigenous people of the Algonquin people of the Mi'kmaq , it is still simply called - Big Bay - Mowebaktabaak .
A first European explorer of the bay is mentioned in the Icelandic saga of Erik the Red . The Icelander Thorfinn Karlsefni came with his three ships in 1010 and founded the settlement of Hóp in the Gulf of St. Lawrence . The geographical, climatic reports and the descriptions of places in the saga apply to the Baie des Chaleurs. Karlsefni also had contact with the Skraelingers , probably the Mi'kmaq with their canoe flotillas. It tells of an initial bartering with furs, which ended in war in the third year. In the fourth year the Normans withdrew with their bellies full of goods from the wine country and only came by sporadically.
Today there is a village and community on the north side of the bay called Hope.
A similar scenario played out on Cartier's first voyage of discovery on July 6, 1534. It was here that the Central Europeans met the Mi'kmaq, the indigenous people of the east coast, for the first time. The Frenchman's two ships anchored at the mouth of the Restigouche when 50 canoes with mi'kmaqs rowed around the ships and waved beaver skins . Jaques Cartier had an uneasy feeling about it, finally got nervous and let fire in the air. The Indians were frightened and rowed away in panic.
The Mi'kmaq beaver pelts created a new hat fashion in France towards the end of the 16th century, and the price of beaver pelts rose. From now on, the Mi'kmaq were involved in wars between the English and French for 150 years, in which they always fought on the side of France. The battle on the Restigouche River was in favor of England , which represents the breakthrough in the supremacy of the British in North America on July 8, 1760 in the Seven Years' War .
