Charles Arad Joy

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Charles A. Joy

Charles Arad Joy (born October 8, 1823 in Ludlowville , Tompkins County , New York State , † May 29, 1891 in Stockbridge (Massachusetts) ) was an American chemist .

Life

His parents were the farmer and merchant Arad Joy (* 1790) and Catherine, b. Fisher.

He studied at Union College in Schenectady with a Bachelor's degree in 1844 and at the Harvard Law School with the degree (LL.B.) in 1847. Even at Harvard, he turned under the influence of lectures of Louis Agassiz and Charles T. Jackson the Science too. From 1847 he worked for the US Geological Survey on Lake Superior under Josiah D. Whitney and Charles T. Jackson, where rich copper deposits had recently been discovered. After that he worked for a while in the chemistry laboratory in Jackson and then went to Germany to study chemistry. He studied with Heinrich Rose in Berlin with Friedrich Wöhler in Göttingen, where he received his PhD in 1853. phil. received his doctorate. The dissertation was on alcohol radicals from selenium and his neighbor in the laboratory was the future chemistry professor at the University of Virginia John W. Mallett , who was doing his doctorate on alcohol radicals from tellurium. These were some of the earliest investigations into the association of alcohol radicals with metal bases. He then went to Paris to attend lectures by Jean-Baptiste Dumas at the Sorbonne.

Upon his return he became Professor of Chemistry at Union College in Schenectady , New York, with Charles F. Chandler (his successor at Union College) as an assistant. In 1857 he became professor of chemistry at Columbian College in New York. The chemistry chair had just been created there from a chair for physics and chemistry ( Richard McCulloh kept the physics chair ). He helped create Columbia College's School of Mines and recommended his former assistant Chandler as a chemistry professor. In 1876 he retired to Stockbridge (Massachusetts) for health reasons after suffering a severe heat stroke at the World's Fair in Philadelphia, and later lived for almost ten years in Germany (Hanover, Munich), Switzerland and France. While he was in Munich, he had a lot of conversations with his friend Adolf von Baeyer . It was not until 1890 that he returned to the USA at his country estate in Stockbridge.

He made contributions to mineralogy (with contributions to the manual of mineralogy by James Dwight Dana and analysis of meteorites from Chile) and analyzed compounds of beryllium (then called Glucinum). He was a member of the jury at the world exhibitions in London, Paris, Vienna and Philadelphia. In 1866/67 he was president of the Lyceum of Natural History in New York (later the New York Academy of Sciences). He was President of the American Photographic Society, Chairman of the Polytechnic Association of the American Institute, and Foreign Secretary of the American Geographical Society. He was editor of Scientific American and the Journal of Applied Chemistry and has written many popular science articles for newspapers such as Scientific American and most of the chemistry articles in the American Cyclopaedia. He was a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science . When American chemists gathered at Joseph Priestley's grave in 1874 , he was one of the driving forces behind the founding of the American Chemical Society.

Hans Rupe was his nephew.

He was a member of the Leopoldina .

Charles Arad Joy married Laura Louise Henrietta Rupe (born September 7, 1833 ) on July 15, 1855  from Minden in Prussia. From this marriage the four children Herman Charles (1857-1890), Wilhelmina Julia (* 1864), Eleanor (* 1868) and Laura Henrietta (* 1871) emerged. Herman Charles Joy also became a professor at Columbian College in 1878.

Friedrich Wöhler was a close friend of Joy and in 1866 gave a newly discovered mineral the name Laurit as a personal compliment to his wife .

Publications

  • On glucinium and its compounds ; New York, 1863

literature

  • Marcus Benjamin: Sketch of Charles A. Joy . In: Popular Science Monthly , 1893, p. 405
  • Medical and scientific necrology of the year 1891 . In: Virchows Archiv , Volume 127, Number 3, March 1892
  • Joy, Charles Arad . In: James Grant Wilson, John Fiske (Eds.): Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography . tape 3 : Grinnell - Lockwood . D. Appleton and Company, New York 1887, p. 477 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arad Joy, Ovid, Seneca Co., NY
  2. ↑ member entry of Charles Arad Joy at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on February 15 2016th
  3. ↑ James Richard Joy (ed.): Thomas Joy and his descendants in the lines of his sons Samuel of Boston, Joseph of Hingham, Ephraim of Berwick . New York 1900, p. 123–124 , Prof. Dr. Charles Arad; see also p. 98: descendants no. 141 and p. 155–156: son Herman Charles (no. 231) (English, available online at archive.org  - Internet Archive ).
  4. ↑ Laurite. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed April 6, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Laurite . In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America . 2001 (English, handbookofmineralogy.org [PDF; 63 kB ; accessed on April 6, 2020]).
  6. ^ E. Gurlt: Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftlicher Nekrolog of the year 1891. In: Archive for Pathological Anatomy and Physiology and for Clinical Medicin. 127, 1892, pp. 519-544, doi: 10.1007 / BF01883303 .
personal data
SURNAME Joy, Charles Arad
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American chemist
DATE OF BIRTH October 8, 1823
PLACE OF BIRTH Ludlowville , Tompkins County
DATE OF DEATH May 29, 1891
Place of death Stockbridge, Massachusetts