Chloramine T
| Structural formula | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||
| General | ||||||||||
| Surname | Chloramine T | |||||||||
| other names |
|
|||||||||
| Molecular formula | C 7 H 7 ClNNaO 2 S | |||||||||
| Brief description |
white solid with a chlorine-like odor |
|||||||||
| External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||
| properties | ||||||||||
| Molar mass | 227.65 g mol −1 | |||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
|||||||||
| Melting point |
167–170 ° C (decomposition) |
|||||||||
| solubility |
moderate in water (150 g l −1 at 20 ° C) |
|||||||||
| safety instructions | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||
| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | ||||||||||
Chloramine T forms a white crystalline powder with a faint chlorine-like odor, dissolves moderately in water (150 g / l at 20 ° C), and is insoluble in non-polar organic solvents . It can be without decomposition of hot water recrystallize , are when heated at about 60 ° C to be crystal water and can decompose explosively from 130 ° C. It decomposes explosively at a temperature of approx. 167 ° C. It gradually decomposes in air.
Manufacturing
Chloramine T can be prepared by reacting p -toluenesulfonamide with sodium hypochlorite . Sodium hypochlorite can also be produced in situ from sodium hydroxide solution and chlorine .
Other properties
Chloramine T works like hypochlorite in aqueous solution , but has the advantage of a longer shelf life. It is also less aggressive, e.g. B. against the skin or other organic materials.
Since chloramine T slowly decomposes in air and is sensitive to light, it must be stored in the dark and kept in a well-closed container. The shelf life of chloramine T solutions in 0.1 or 2% concentration is given as 2 years.
use
Medicine and technology
Chloramine T has a high bactericidal effect and is a powerful oxidizing agent . It is therefore used as a disinfectant , antiseptic and deodorant in medicine and technology.
Chloramine T can also be used as an alternative to thymol to store and preserve extracted teeth before further use for scientific study purposes.
Detection reagent
Chloramine T can be used to detect bromide and iodide in solution.
In aqueous solution, hypochlorite is formed by hydrolysis, which synproportionates with hydrochloric acid to chlorine and chloride .
In accordance with the electrochemical series of voltages, the resulting chlorine first oxidizes iodides to elemental iodine and then bromides to bromine . The characteristic colors can then be seen in organic solvents such as n-hexane , dichloromethane or ether .
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Entry on chloramine T in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 10, 2017(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ Entry on Tosylchloramide sodium in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
- ↑ a b Entry Chloramine T Trihydrate at Chemicalland, accessed on February 3, 2018.
- ↑ a b M. Shetty, TB Gowda: A Study of Substituent Effect on the Oxidative Strengths of N-Chloroarenesulphonamides: Kinetics of Oxidation of Leucine and Isoleucine in Aqueous Acid Medium. In: Journal of Nature Research B . 59, 2004, pp. 63–72 ( PDF , free full text).
- ↑ ADKA service department (ed.): Manufacturing regulations from hospital pharmacies. Formulium hospitale , loose-leaf collection (status: 6th supplementary delivery 2005). Deutscher Apotheker Verlag, Stuttgart.
- ↑ Tobias André Mackert: About the adhesive strength of adhesively attached fiber pins after artificial aging. (PDF; 13.9 MB) Zahnmed. Dissertation, Erlangen 2011. p. 6.
- ↑ Dirk Häffner: Workbook qualitative inorganic analysis . 2nd revised edition, Govi-Verlag, ISBN 3-7741-0997-4 , p. 124.