Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations

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Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations ( CEPI ) (. English about: Coalition for innovations in the epidemic prevention ), is a global alliance in public-private partnership between governments, the WHO , the European Commission , research institutions, the vaccine industry and private Donors, u. a. the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation , to set up a research network to research and develop new vaccines to better and more directly respond to any impending outbreaks of new viral infections.

background

The 2014 Ebola fever epidemic took the global community largely by surprise, and development of three vaccines came too late and was insufficient.

The 2015/2016 Zika virus epidemic also came unprepared and there is still no vaccine against it. These examples showed that little-known viruses can suddenly trigger global epidemics .

These epidemics occur mainly in countries with low supply and research capacities, research and industry have little interest in vaccine development with low profit margins, and in the case of transnational epidemics there are considerable legislative and administrative problems in order to be able to start countermeasures quickly. The previous epidemics of new viruses have also shown fragmented and highly uncoordinated activity on the part of governments, local public health offices and research institutions. Realizing that rapid vaccine development can avert global epidemics, the demand for an efficient worldwide system that is prepared for research and development of new vaccines has been raised. Such platforms are intended to shorten the development time, to launch clinical studies more quickly and to accelerate the production of vaccines.

In May 2016, the WHO first drew up a list of pathogens that could trigger major global epidemics in the near future and against which vaccine production is a priority. These are current (as of March 2020):

  1. SARS-CoV-2 , responsible for COVID-19
  2. Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
  3. Filoviruses such as the Ebola virus or the Marburg virus
  4. Lassa fever
  5. newly emerging human pathogenic highly infectious coronaviruses such as MERS-CoV or the SARS-associated coronavirus
  6. the Nipah and Hendra virus
  7. Rift Valley Fever Virus (also rift valley fever virus )
  8. Zika virus
  9. Disease X

In order to be able to provide a global answer to the challenges, Stanley Plotkin called in 2015 to coordinate the existing vaccination research campaigns and to create a funding framework for research and development of new vaccines. This initiative was also supported by the 2015 consensus of the Oslo consultation on financing of R&D prepraedness and response to epidemic emergencies of the WHO.

In addition, CEPI supports the development of vaccination platforms that enable the rapid provision of vaccines against previously unknown pathogens and previously unknown diseases ( Disease X ) caused by them.

Foundation and organization

Start at the World Economic Forum 2017 in Davos

At the World Economic Forum in Davos in January 2016 , the decision was made to found an initiative to develop vaccines. The mission is to stimulate, finance and coordinate the development of vaccines. In order to implement this challenge, three expert teams ( task teams ) were formed in spring 2016 , which set the priorities for the first phase:

  1. Orientation towards the WHO priority list for vaccine development
  2. Investing in the gaps in current vaccine development, particularly promoting late pre-clinical trials with the proof of concept , and promoting phase II trials .
  3. Support of technical and institutional platforms that can act quickly in the event of emerging epidemics and develop vaccines with the development of partner networks.

In the start-up phase, CEPI was established as an international non-profit organization by the governments of Norway, India, the British Wellcome Trust , the World Economic Forum and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation on January 19, 2017 World Economic Forum established in Davos, and stakeholders have been invited to join. On July 11th and 12th, 2017, CEPI representatives at the Federal Ministry of Education and Research discussed how they should be organized . Germany is a founding member of the vaccine initiative. More than 80 organizations and over 200 private individuals then expressed their interest. A provisional secretariat was then established with offices ( functional nodes ) in Norway, India and Great Britain, and a provisional board of directors under the leadership of John-Arne Røttingen from the Norwegian Public Health Institute and a provisional supervisory board under K. Vijay Raghavan from the Indian Department of Biotechnology and an interim scientific committee set up under the leadership of Mark Feinberg, Chairman of the International AIDS Vaccination Initiative. Ruxandra Draghia-Akli, Deputy Secretary General of the Directorate-General for Research and Innovation of the EU Commission , also sits on the Supervisory Board . An initial business plan provided for a budget of one billion dollars for the first five years, which is secured by commitments from donors.

literature

  1. ↑ John-Arne Røttingen, Dimitrios Gouglas, Mark Feinberg, Stanley Plotkin, Krishnaswamy V. Raghavan, Andrew Witty, Ruxandra Draghia-Akli, Paul Stoffels, Peter Piot: New Vaccines against Epidemic Infectious Diseases New England Journal of Medicine 2017, Volume 376, Issue 7 of February 16, 2017, pages 610–613, [DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMp1613577]
  2. ^ WHO : Prioritizing diseases for research and development in emergency contexts. Retrieved March 29, 2020 .
  3. ^ SA Plotkin, AA Mahmoud, J. Farrar: Establishing a Global Vaccine-Development Fund. In: The New England Journal of Medicine . Volume 373, Number 4, July 2015, pp. 297-300, doi : 10.1056 / NEJMp1506820 , PMID 26200974 .
  4. ^ Priority diseases. In: cepi.net. May 30, 2019, accessed March 15, 2020 .
  5. ^ R. Hatchett, N. Lurie: Outbreak response as an essential component of vaccine development. In: The Lancet. Infectious diseases. Volume 19, number 11, November 2019, pp. E399 – e403, doi : 10.1016 / S1473-3099 (19) 30305-6 , PMID 31256955 (review).
  6. ↑ B. Huneycutt, N. Lurie et al. a .: Finding equipoise: CEPI revises its equitable access policy. In: Vaccine . Volume 38, number 9, February 2020, pp. 2144-2148, doi : 10.1016 / j.vaccine.2019.12.055 , PMID 32005536 (review).

Web links

  1. English language homepage of the CEPI