De salute animarum

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The old diocesan structure (black border lines) and the new description after the Congress of Vienna (colored areas) in the area of ​​today's Federal Republic of Germany

With the papal bull De salute animarum ( Latin : About the salvation of souls), dated July 16, 1821 (reprinted in: Preußische Gesetzessammlung , 1821, pp. 114–152), Pope Pius VII. As part of the rewrite of the Catholic Dioceses in Germany established the reorganization of the dioceses and church provinces in Prussia after the Congress of Vienna .

history

Since the Congress of Vienna (1814–1815) did not clarify church matters and the church provinces were supposed to be aligned with the inner-Prussian borders, the circumstances of the Catholic Church in Prussia were reorganized with the Circumcription Bull . The Pope appointed the Warmian bishop Joseph von Hohenzollern-Hechingen as the executor of this bull .

Provisions for the individual dioceses and other jurisdictions

Gniezno and Wroclaw

The diocese of Breslau was detached from the church province of Gniezno and placed directly under the Roman curia . A large part of Lusatia that fell to Prussia was assigned to the diocese of Breslau.

Through the bull, the then great dean of the County of Glatz , which ecclesiastically still belonged to the Archdiocese of Prague , was granted the dignity of an honorary canon of the cathedral monastery of Wroclaw and also secured for his successors.

The northeast border of the diocese of Breslau coincided with the provincial or state border opposite the province of Posen , Congress Poland and the Austrian Galicia . In the northwest, the Catholics of Prussian Upper Lusatia and part of the Brandenburg province of Breslau were subordinated.

Brandenburg and Pomerania

Comparatively few Catholics lived in the diaspora in Brandenburg and Pomerania. There were only six Catholic parishes in Pomerania, including Stettin and Stralsund . The Brandenburg and Pomeranian Catholics were subordinate to the Apostolic Vicariate of the North until 1821 . Its seat was in Hildesheim in the Kingdom of Hanover, outside of Prussia. That is why the Prussian king wanted the Catholics in Brandenburg and Pomerania to be assigned to an authority that had its seat within Prussia. With the bull “De salute animarum”, the Brandenburg and Pomeranian Catholic diaspora (with the exception of the Lauenburg and Bütow regions ) fell to the Duchy of Wroclaw. It was administered by the prince-bishop's delegation for Brandenburg and Pomerania . The respective delegate was also provost of the Hedwig Church in Berlin .

Pomeranian and Kulm

With significant preparatory work by the Provost of Warmia and later Bishop of Kulm , Ignaz Stanislaus von Mathy , Pomerania was assigned to the bishopric of Kulm and its cathedral seat moved to Pelplin .

Magdeburg

With the reorganization, almost the entire area (today's diocese of Magdeburg ) was assigned to the diocese of Paderborn . However, this territory was still divided into two areas: into the clerical court of Erfurt with the cities of Halle , Zeitz and Torgau and the commissariat of Magdeburg with the cities of Halberstadt , Magdeburg and Salzwedel .

Paderborn

With the bull, the Paderborn diocese was rewritten. The diocese Corvey and parts of the dioceses Mainz , Cologne , Osnabrück , Minden , Halberstadt and Magdeburg were added . A large part of the Sauerland was also added to the Diocese of Paderborn.

Muenster

Through the papal bull, the Catholics living in the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg and the then administrative district of Kleve were placed under the jurisdiction of the diocese of Münster . In this respect, the bull “De salute animarum” reached beyond Prussia.

The borders of the diocese of Münster also had to be redrawn. After negotiations between the Pope and Prussia, they were then adapted to the new political borders. With smaller and later changes, the current diocese dimensions emerged.

Aachen and Cologne

The diocese of Aachen was abolished and the archbishopric of Cologne was restored. At the same time, Cologne was designated the metropolis of the Lower Rhine church province .

trier

After long preliminary negotiations, the bull described the new diocese of Trier within the boundaries of the Prussian administrative districts of Koblenz , Trier and smaller sub-territories.

literature

in order of appearance

  • Anton Eichhorn : The execution of the bull “De salute animarum” in the individual dioceses of the Prussian state by the Prince-Bishop of Warmia, Prince Joseph von Hohenzollern . In: Magazine for the history and archeology of Warmia . Volume 5, year 1870–1874, pp. 1–130 ( PDF ).
  • Hermann Müssener: The financial claims of the Catholic Church to the Prussian state based on the bull "De salute animarum" of July 16, 1821 . Volksvereins-Verlag, Mönchengladbach 1926.
  • Max Bierbaum : Preliminary negotiations for the bull De salute animarum. A contribution to Roman-Prussian church policy based on unpublished Vatican archives . Schöningh, Paderborn 1927.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Diocese of Görlitz: Origin of the diocese ( memento from March 6, 2010 on WebCite ) (in the WebCite archive)
  2. ↑ Overview of the church history of the County of Glatz
  3. ↑ The Prussian Province of Silesia (1741-1918)
  4. ↑ http://www.kath-vorpommern.de/
  5. ↑ Leo Jablonski: The development of the Catholic church system in the area of ​​today's prince-bishop's delegation district of Brandenburg and Pomerania from the Reformation to the Bulle de salute animarum of 1821 . Nischkowsky, Breslau 1927.
  6. ↑ Sven Scherz-Schade: Churches in Berlin: Churches, synagogues, mosques and temples . Berlin-Story, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-929829-29-0 . Chapter: A Brief Berlin Church History - From the Kulturkampf to the Young Democracy .
  7. ^ Diocese of Magdeburg http://www.bistum-magdeburg.de/front_content.php
  8. ↑ Excerpt from the papal bull .
  9. ↑ erzbistum-paderborn.de: The Paderborn diocese was created almost anew 200 years ago. Papal bull "De salute animarum" of July 16, 1821 makes the diocese of Paderborn the second largest diocese in Prussia. In: erzbistum-paderborn.de . July 16, 2021, accessed July 16, 2021 .
  10. ↑ erzbistum-paderborn.de: Papal bull “De salute animarum” in focus. In: erzbistum-paderborn.de . July 16, 2021, accessed July 16, 2021 .
  11. ↑ kathisch.de : Unity despite differences ( memento from March 6, 2010 on WebCite ) (in the WebCite archive)
  12. ^ Alwin Hanschmidt : 600 years of Niederstift Münster - 1400 to 2000 . Part 2: 1803: The dismemberment of the Niederstift Münster - creation of the Oldenburger Münsterland . In: Jahrbuch für das Oldenburger Münsterland , Vol. 50 (2001), pp. 8–32, here p. 11.
  13. ↑ Secularization and the Kulturkampf
  14. ^ History of the Diocese of Trier

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