Three-leaf valerian

Three-leaf valerian
	Three-leaved valerian ( Valeriana tripteris )
Systematics
	Euasterids II
Order :	Cardigans (Dipsacales)
Family :	Honeysuckle Family (Caprifoliaceae)
Subfamily :	Valerian family (Valerianoideae)
Genre :	Valerian ( Valeriana )
Type :	Three-leaf valerian
Scientific name
	Valeriana tripteris
	L.

The three-leaved valerian ( Valeriana tripteris ) is a species in the genus of the valerian ( Valeriana ).

Three-leaved valerian in Haute-Savoie ( France )

description

The plant becomes about 30 to 60 centimeters high. The spreading of the basal leaves are clearly heart-shaped, with the upper stem leaves being three-tiered, rarely five-tiered or undivided. The leaves are bare to dense, almost gray-tomentose hairs. The crown is white to pale pink.

Flowering time is from April to July.

The chromosome number is 2n = 16, also for the subspecies Valeriana tripteris subsp. tripteris and Valeriana tripteris subsp. austriaca .

Occurrence

The distribution area of the three-leaved valerian are mountains of Europe from the Vosges to the Carpathian Mountains, further to northern Spain, southern Italy and northern Greece. The distribution area includes the countries Spain, Andorra, France, Corsica, Germany, Italy, Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Bulgaria, Romania and Ukraine. In the Allgäu Alps it rises to over 2000 meters. The plant is common in Austria as a whole, but is absent in Burgenland and Vienna . The lime-loving plant prefers moist, shady rock slopes, crevices, boulders in forests in the montane to subalpine altitude. It is a species of the genus Aplenietea trichomanis.

Three-leaved valerian ( Valeriana tripteris ) in the Sierra dos Gredos in Spain

Systematics

Valeriana tripteris was 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , Vol 1, p 32, first published .

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

Valeriana tripteris subsp. tripteris : It has hairy petioles on the basal leaves, but otherwise the leaves are glabrous or only sparsely hairy. It usually occurs on a substrate with little lime.
Valeriana tripteris subsp. austriaca E. Walther : It has bare petioles on the basal leaves
Valeriana tripteris subsp. tomentella E. Walther : It has hairy leaves on both sides.

According to Euro + Med, only the following subspecies can be distinguished:

Valeriana tripteris L. subsp. tripteris : It occurs in Spain, Andorra, Italy and Germany.
Valeriana tripteris subsp. tarraconensis (Pau) Devesa & al. : It occurs in Spain.

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literature

Oskar Angerer, Thomas Muer: Alpine plants. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-3374-1 .
Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 882-883 .
^ DJ Ockendon: Valeriana. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 54 (English, limited preview in Google Book search). ( Valeriana tripteris - from the unchanged reprint from 2010), ISBN 978-0-521-15367-6 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d E. von Raab-Straube & T. Henning (2017+): Valerianaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Valerianaceae
↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 536.
↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum . tape 1 . Stockholm 1753, p. 32 ( online - first publication of Valeriana tripteris digitized at Biodiversity Heritage Library ).

Web links

Commons : Trifoliate Valerian - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Three-leaf valerian. In: FloraWeb.de.
Three-leaf valerian . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
Valeriana tripteris L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved March 31, 2016.
Thomas Meyer: Valerian data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )

[Oberdorfer2001-1] Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 882-883 .

[FlEur-2] DJ Ockendon: Valeriana. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 54 (English, limited preview in Google Book search). ( Valeriana tripteris - from the unchanged reprint from 2010), ISBN 978-0-521-15367-6 .

[Euro+Med-3] E. von Raab-Straube & T. Henning (2017+): Valerianaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Valerianaceae

[Dörr-Lippert-4] Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 536.

[SpPla-5] Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum . tape 1 . Stockholm 1753, p. 32 ( online - first publication of Valeriana tripteris digitized at Biodiversity Heritage Library ).