Dresden Secession Group 1919

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The Dresdner Sezession Gruppe 1919 , also known as the Dresdner Sezession or Gruppe 1919 , was an expressionist group of artists around Peter August Böckstiegel , Otto Dix , Conrad Felixmüller , Wilhelm Heckrott , Constantin von Mitschke-Collande , Otto Schubert , Lasar Segall , Elfriede Lohse-Wächtler and Hugo Zehder .

history

The members of the group founded at the end of January 1919 represented expressionist, socially critical art. The co-founders included Hugo Zehder, Conrad Felixmüller, Otto Dix, Wilhelm Heckrott, Constantin von Mitschke-Collande, Otto Schubert, Lasar Segall and the art critic Will Grohmann . The painters Otto Lange , Peter August Böckstiegel and the sculptor Gela Forster joined the group a short time later. The Dresden Secession Group 1919 emerged from the 1917 group, which already included Conrad Felixmüller , Peter August Böckstiegel, Otto Lange and Constantin von Mitschke-Collande .

Will Grohmann accompanied the Dresden Secession Group in 1919 as an art critic and in this role played a key role as the group's interpreter from the start. He edited the first graphic portfolio of the Secession and after the departure of the two central leaders of the group, Hugo Zehder and Conrad Felixmüller, increasingly took on the role of exhibition organizer, managing director and ambassador of the group.

Stylistically, the artistic work of the Dresden Secession Group in 1919 was based on the expressionist formal language introduced by the artist group Brücke , which is why people sometimes speak of "second generation expressionists". The Dresden Secession Group in 1919 organized lectures, guided tours and artist talks and exhibited in Dresden, Berlin , Düsseldorf , Chemnitz and in cooperation with the “Steadfast” in Prague .

The statute of the artist group says: “The Sezession Gruppe 1919 is formed by a number of artists who, in terms of their art, intend ideal undertakings which, like their art, necessarily separate them from previous artists. The main principles are: Truth - Fraternity - Art. ”New members could only be accepted by a unanimous decision of all members. Belonging to other Dresden artists' associations was not allowed. In the catalog for the 1st exhibition of the Dresden Secession Group in 1919 , they self-confidently proclaimed in a joint declaration that they wanted to take over the "leadership of the local young artistic forces". The poet Walter Rheiner wrote an introductory text for the catalog.

From April 5 to May 13, 1919, the first exhibition of the Dresden Secession Group took place in 1919 in the Emil Richter Art Salon . Paintings and graphics by the group members were exhibited, as well as sculptures by Gela Forster , who had since joined the group. At the same time took place in the Gallery Arnold , the special exhibition "The Tempest. Expressionists, Futurists, Cubists ”with artists from Herwarth Walden's environment . The first exhibition of the Dresden Secession Group in 1919 met with a great response from the press and the public. The group received an invitation to participate in the summer exhibition of the Berlin Free Secession . From May to July 1919 the Dresden exhibition was shown again in Berlin.

In the summer of 1919 a second special exhibition of the Dresden Secession Group followed in 1919, also in the Emil Richter Art Salon, to which guests from other progressive artist associations were invited. So were u. a. Works by Max Burchartz and George Grosz of the Novembergruppe , by Kurt Schwitters and Otto Gleichmann from the Hanover Secession , as well as works by Karl Schmidt-Rottluff (Berlin), Rüdiger Berlit , Josef Achmann , Eugen Hoffmann and Ludwig Godenschweg can be seen.

In October 1919 the Dresden Secession organized an exhibition with Emil Richter for the two young artists Pol Cassel and Otto Griebel , who were close to the group without being members themselves. A reading was held with Else Lasker-Schüler in November .

Due to political differences of opinion, there was a crisis of the left wing around Conrad Felixmüller. Hugo Zehder left the group in August 1919 for “reasons of principle and personal reasons”. As an active member of the KPD, Felixmüller tried to persuade the other members to join the party. However, he could only convince Constantin von Mitschke-Collande, the other members did not allow themselves to be sworn into the party line. The political views of the members were too different and a unified political commitment of the group never came about. Conrad Felixmüller, Peter August Böckstiegel and Otto Schubert left the group before the third Secession Exhibition in 1920.

From April 7th to April 30th, 1920 the Dresden Secession Group organized an exhibition of the Czech expressionist and cubist artist group Tvrdošíjní ("The Steadfast") with Josef Čapek , Vlastislav Hofman , Václav Špála and Jan Zrzavý in the Emil Richter Art Salon. In the announcement of the exhibition it was mentioned that in return an exhibition by the Dresden Secession Group was planned in Prague in 1919 .

In 1920, Walter Jacob , Christoph Voll , Eugen Hoffmann and Ludwig Godenschweg joined as new members . In October the exhibition "Dresden Secession" Gruppe 1919 "and others" took place in the Arnold Gallery. Participants in this exhibition were: Bloch, Heinrich Campendonk , Heinrich Maria Davringhausen , Dix, Eberz, Lyonel Feininger , Gela Forster, Godenschweg, Grosz, Erich Heckel , Heckroth, Eugen Hoffmann, Alexej von Jawlensky , Kars, Paul Klee , Otto Lange, August Macke , Carlo Mense , Mitschke-Collande, Nauen, Max Pechstein , Reichel, Schmidt-Rottluff, Schwitters, Segall and Christoph Voll.

In January / February 1921 the Dresdner Sezession Gruppe took part in the exhibition “Die Steadfast and Guests” in the Rudolfinum in Prague. Also invited to Prague were u. a. Paul Klee , the sculptor Emy Roeder and the Hungarian painter Béla Uitz . The German-language catalogs were sold out after just two weeks and the exhibition attracted 5,000 visitors within four weeks. The exhibition was then shown in Brno and Košice .

Also in 1921 there was a graphic exhibition at Emil Richter, which was shown as a traveling exhibition in various German cities. In October, the group exhibited at the Arnold Gallery with guests Heinrich Campendonk, Reinhold Ewald , Lyonel Feininger, Paul Klee, Ludwig Meidner and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff.

In May 1922 the "Sixth Exhibition of the Dresden Secession" took place in the Arnold Gallery. Of the previous members, only Dix, Heckrott, Hoffmann, Lange and Mitschke-Collande were involved. Heinrich Barcinski , Otto Griebel , Otto Krischer and Hans Meyboden were involved as new members . Max Beckmann , Campendonck, Feininger, Klee, Emil Nolde , Schmidt-Rottluff and Segall were represented as guests .

At the end of May 1922, the Dresden Secession 1919 took part in the 1st Congress of International Progressive Artists in Düsseldorf in 1922, organized by the group Das Junge Rheinland . The participants also included the Berlin November Group , the Darmstadt Secession , the Hallesche Künstlergruppe , the German Werkbund , Herwarth Walden from the magazine Der Sturm , as well as representatives of the Italian Futurists and the Russian Constructivists . The aim of the congress was to form a union to assert common interests. There was violent disagreement and the concerns of Congress were not reached.

In 1922 the Dresden Secession Group disbanded in 1919 due to political disagreements and different artistic views. As a loose group, however, she still took part in the art exhibitions of the Dresden Art Cooperative in 1924 and 1925 .

founder

Other members

Temporary participants and guests

See also

literature

  • Jasmin Koßmann: Will Grohmann, Lasar Segall and the "Dresden Secession Group 1919" . In: Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, Konstanze Rudert (Ed.): Between intuition and certainty: Will Grohmann and the reception of modernity in Germany and Europe 1918 - 1968 . Sandstein, Dresden 2013, ISBN 978-3-95498-053-6 , p. 127-133 .
  • Karin Müller-Kelwing: The Dresden Secession 1932 . Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim 2010, ISBN 978-3-487-14397-2 .
  • Ruth Negendanck : The gallery Ernst Arnold (1893–1951). Art trade and contemporary history . Publishing house and database for the humanities, Weimar 1998, ISBN 3-932124-37-5 .
  • Andrea Hollmann: A joint venture of Expressionism: Dresden - Prague . In: Umení: casopis Ústavu Dejin Umení Academy Ved Ceské Republiky . No. 5 , 1997, ISSN  0049-5123 , pp. 461-476 .
  • Christoph Wilhelmi: Dresden Secession, group 1919 . In: Groups of artists in Germany, Austria and Switzerland since 1900: a manual . Hauswedell, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-7762-1106-7 , p. 113-116 .
  • Fritz Löffler : Dresden Secession Group 1919 . In: Expressionism: the second generation 1915-1925 . Prestel, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-7913-0916-1 , pp. 61-83 .
  • Fritz Löffler, Emilio Bertonati, Joachim Heusinger von Waldegg (eds.): Dresdner Sezession 1919–1923. Exhibition catalog Galleria del Levante Munich, Milan 1977.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Biography of PA Böckstiegel
  2. ↑ Quoted from: Karin Müller-Kelwing: Die Dresdner Sezession 1932 . Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim 2010, ISBN 978-3-487-14397-2 , pp. 52 .
  3. ↑ Dresden Secession Group 1919. Lexicon of the art dealership "Ketterer Kunst". Retrieved May 7, 2015 .
  4. ^ Fritz Löffler : Dresden Secession Group 1919 . In: Expressionism: the second generation 1915-1925 . Prestel, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-7913-0916-1 , pp. 63 .
  5. ↑ Gerda Wendermann: The International Congress of Constructivists and Dadaists in Weimar in September 1922 attempt at a chronology of events. (PDF) Written version of a lecture on July 29, 2007 as part of the international symposium "Kurt Schwitters and the Avant-garde" at the Sprengel Museum in Hanover . 2007, accessed on May 7, 2015 (pp. 7–9).
  6. ↑ Karin Müller-Kelwing: The Dresden Secession 1932 . Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim 2010, ISBN 978-3-487-14397-2 , pp. 53 (In the literature there are contradicting information on the date of the dissolution of the group, which range from 1922 (Müller-Kelwing) to 1925 (Hollmann). This is based on the comprehensive standard work by Müller-Kelwing).
  7. ^ Maria Müller: The congress of the "Union of International Progressive Artists" in Düsseldorf . In: Bernd Finkeldey (Ed.): Constructivist International Creative Working Group, 1922–1927, Utopias for a European Culture: Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf, May 30 to August 23, 1992; State Gallery Moritzburg Halle, September 13 to November 15, 1992 . Hatje, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-7757-0376-4 , pp. 20 .