Duke Chapel

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The Duke Chapel on the west campus of Duke University .

The Duke Chapel (also Duke University Chapel ) is an ecumenical church on the west campus of Duke University in Durham , North Carolina . Through the Methodist roots of Duke University, it is historically closely linked to the Evangelical Methodist Church . The neo-Gothic church designed by the Afro-American architect Julian F. Abele (1881–1950) was built between 1930 and 1932 as part of the rebuilding of the university's west campus and officially inaugurated on June 2, 1935.

description

Rear view, in the foreground the Memorial Chapel .

The church tower (Duke Chapel Tower) has a height of 64 meters (210  feet ) and is modeled on the crossing tower of Canterbury Cathedral (Bell Harry Tower) ; unlike this, however, it is placed in front of the nave. It has a carillon of 50 bells, the largest weighing over 5 tons (11,200  pounds ).

The church interior is designed in a cross shape. The nave, including the sanctuary, is 89 meters (291 feet) wide, with the nave approximately 19 meters wide, the transept 34 meters and the chancel 9 meters (54, 112 and 30 feet, respectively). The nave is 22 m high. The nave offers space for around 1600 people. The 77 windows were created by 15 artists over a period of 30 years. The glass required for this was imported from England, Belgium and France. The windows show biblical scenes and figures.

Attached to the church is the Memorial Chapel with a size of 16 by 8 meters (54 ft × 26 ft). In it, the three founders and namesake of Duke University, Washington Duke and his two sons James Buchanan and Benjamin Newton, are buried in three sarcophagi. Below the small chapel is a crypt in which, among other things, some former presidents of the university and James B. Duke's wife, Nanaline Holt Duke, are buried.

Organs

View of the prospectus of the Flentrop organ

The church has two large organs . One built in 1932 by the Aeolian Organ Company (New York) in the chancel and one completed in 1976 by Flentrop Orgelbouw (Netherlands) in the arch between the narthex and the nave. Another smaller Brombaugh organ ( Eugene , Oregon) from 1997 is in the Memorial Chapel .

The Kathleen Upton Byurns McClendon Organ of the Aeolian Organ Company is housed in two oak organ cases on either side of the pulpit. The instrument has 100 registers (approx. 6,600 pipes), including some transmissions and extensions on four manuals and pedal , as well as 10 effect registers. The playing and stop actions are electro-pneumatic. In 2008 the instrument was redesigned by the organ builder Foley Baker Inc. and received a new console.

The Benjamin N. Duke Memorial Organ by Dirk A. Flentrop was designed based on Dutch and French organs of the 18th century. The organ has 65 registers (5,033 pipes), including 19 reed registers, on four manual works and a pedal, with a back positive in front. The organ case was made of African mahogany wood and designed in color.

Disposition of the Aeolian organ from 1932
I Great Organ C–
Quintaton 32 ′
diapason 16 ′
Bourdon 16 ′
Diapason I 8th'
Diapason II 8th'
Diapason III 8th'
Gemshorn 8th'
Principal Flute 8th'
Double flute 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Prestant 4 ′
Octave 4 ′
Flood 4 ′
Twelfth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Fifteenth 2 ′
Plein Jeu IV
Harmonics VI
Contra Tromba 16 ′
Tromba 8th'
Octave Tromba 4 ′

Chimes
Harp
Celesta
II Swell Organ C–
Bourdon 16 ′
diapason 8th'
Violin Diapason 8th'
Pipe flood 8th'
Cor de Nuit 8th'
Flauto Dolce 8th'
Flute Celeste 8th'
Gamba 8th'
Gamba Celeste 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Voix Celeste 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Flute Triangulaire 4 ′
Fugara 4 ′
Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Flautino 2 ′
Piccolo 2 ′
Tierce 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Cornet V
Plein Jeu III
trombone 16 ′
French Trumpet 8th'
Cornopean 8th'
oboe 8th'
Vox Humana 8th'
Clarion 4 ′
Tremulant

Chimes
Harp
Celesta
III Choir Organ C–
Gamba 16 ′
diapason 8th'
Concert flute 8th'
Viole d'Orchestre 8th'
Viole Celeste 8th'
Dulciana 8th'
Unda Maris 8th'
Quintadena 8th'
Flute harmonique 4 ′
Violin 4 ′
Twelfth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Piccolo 2 ′
Tierce 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Septieme 1 1 ⁄ 7  ′
Fagotto 16 ′
Trumpet 8th'
Corno di Bassetto 8th'
Orchestral oboe 8th'
Tremulant

Chimes
Harp
Celesta
IV Solo Organ C–
Stentorphone 8th'
Flauto Mirabilis 8th'
Gamba 8th'
Gamba Celeste 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Orchestral Flute 4 ′
Mixture V
French horn 8th'
English horn 8th'
Contra tuba 16 ′
tuba 8th'
Tuba Clarion 4 ′
Tuba mirabilis 8th'
Tremulant

Chimes
Pedal Organ C – g 1
diapason 32 ′
diapason 16 ′
diapason 16 ′
Contrabass 16 ′
Bourdon 16 ′
Gamba 16 ′
Echo lovely 16 ′
Covered Quint 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octave 8th'
Principal 8th'
Covered 8th'
Covered quietly 8th'
Quint 5 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Flood 4 ′
Harmonics V
Bombard 32 ′
Fagotto 32 ′
Trombones 16 ′
tuba 16 ′
Fagotto 16 ′
Quint Trombone 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Trombones 8th'
Clarion 4 ′

Chimes
  • Coupling : normal coupling, sub- and super-octave coupling
Disposition of the Flentrop organ from 1976
I Hoofdwerk C–
Prestant 16 ′
Bourdon 16 ′
Octaaf 8th'
Octaaf 4 ′
Quint 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Terts 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Mixture 2 ′
Scherp 1'
Cornet

Bombard 16 ′
Trumpets 8th'
Clairon 4 ′
Trumpet 8th'
Trompeta Magna 16 ′
Clarin 8th'
Trompeta Batalla 4 ′
II Rugwerk C–
Prestant 8th'
Gedekt 8th'
Octaaf 4 ′
Fluit 4 ′
Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octaaf 2 ′
Fluit 2 ′
Terts 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Larigot 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Sesquialter 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Sesquialter 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Mixture 2 ′
Scherp 1'

Cromorne 8th'
Schalmey 8th'
Trumpet 4 ′
III Echowerk C–
Gedekt 8th'
Prestant 4 ′
Fluit 4 ′
Night horn 2 ′
Cornet

Hautbois V 8th'
IV Bovenwerk C–
Prestant 8th'
Baarpijp 8th'
Gedekt 8th'
Quintads 8th'
Octaaf 4 ′
Roerfluit 4 ′
Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Fluit 2 ′
Terts 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Sifflet 1'
Mixture 2 ′

Trumpet 8th'
Hobo 8th'
Vox Humana 8th'
Pedal C–
Prestant 16 ′
Subbas 16 ′
Quint 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octaaf 4 ′
Quint 5 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Octaaf 4 ′
Night horn 2 ′
Mixture 4 ′

Bazuin 16 ′
Trumpets 8th'
Trumpet 8th'
Clairon 4 ′
zinc 2 ′

Individual evidence

  1. ^ William E. King: Duke University: A Brief Narrative History. Duke University Libraries, accessed February 12, 2014.
  2. ^ Duke Chapel - History. Duke University Chapel, ( March 20, 2014 memento on the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Duke Chapel - The Building / Tower. Duke University Chapel, ( March 4, 2014 memento on the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ Duke Chapel - Music / Carillon. Duke University Chapel, accessed February 11, 2014.
  5. ^ A b William J. Cavanaugh, Gregory C. Tocci, Joseph A. Wilkes: Architectural Acoustics: Principles and Practice. 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, 2010, p. 71 f.
  6. ^ Duke Chapel - The Building / Nave. Duke University Chapel, ( August 11, 2014 memento on the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ Duke Chapel - The Building / Memorial Chapel. Duke University Chapel, ( March 4, 2014 memento on the Internet Archive )
  8. ^ Duke Chapel - The Building / Crypt. Duke University Chapel, accessed February 13, 2014.
  9. ↑ Duke Chapel - Music / Organs. Duke University Chapel, accessed February 11, 2014.
  10. ↑ On the Aeolian organ and its disposition , accessed on April 7, 2017.
  11. ↑ On the Flentrop organ and its disposition , accessed on April 7, 2017.

Web links

Commons : Duke Chapel  - collection of images, videos and audio files