Eduard Strasburger

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eduard Strasburger around 1908

Eduard Adolf Strasburger (born February 1, 1844 in Warsaw ; † May 18, 1912 in Bonn ) was a German botanist from Russian Poland . Its official botanical author abbreviation is “ Strasb. "

Life

Born as the son of the merchant and owner of the royal confectionery in Warsaw Eduard Gottlieb Strasburger and his wife Anna Karoline von Schütz, he first attended high school in Warsaw. He completed his biology studies from 1862 to 1864 in Paris and then in Bonn. After the death of his academic teacher Hermann Schacht , he became an assistant in Jena in 1864 . In 1866 he received his doctorate from Jena University and two years later (1868) he received his habilitation in Warsaw from Henryk Fryderyk Hoyer .

In 1869 he accepted a position at the University of Jena , where he was initially an associate professor and from 1871 a full professor of botany. In 1880 he was appointed to the botany chair at the University of Bonn . In 1891/92 he was rector of the university. He kept his chair in Bonn until his death in 1912.

Strasburger discovered (together with Walther Flemming , 1843–1905) the division of the plant cell nucleus (1875) and provided fundamental insights through his investigations on the "construction and performance of conduction pathways", published in 1891. Together with his three colleagues Fritz Noll , Heinrich Schenck and Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper founded the " Strasburger ", known in specialist circles as the "Bonn textbook" or also as the "four-man book" (first edition 1894), which is still the standard botany textbook today.

In 1873 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In 1882 Eduard Strasburger was one of the founding initiators of the German Botanical Society (DBG) . On November 26, 1891 Strasburger was elected a foreign member of the Royal Society . In 1892 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , in 1898 to the National Academy of Sciences . In 1905 he was awarded the Linnean Medal of the Linnean Society of London . From 1889 he was a corresponding member of the Prussian , from 1899 of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , from 1900 of the Académie des Sciences , from 1910 of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg and from 1909 a member of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala . Under Strasburger's leadership, the Bonn Botanical Garden became one of the most important botanical gardens in Prussia.

Strasburger was with the pianist Alexandra Julia ("Alexandrine") Wertheim (1847-1902, daughter of the banker Julian Jakub ("Julius") Wertheim (1817-1901), half-sister of the piano virtuoso and composer Carl Tausig ), and aunt of the pianist Julius ( z) Wertheim (1880–1928) married; the couple had two children (Anna and Julius). His son was the internist Julius Strasburger , one grandson was the ancient historian Hermann Strasburger .

Awards

Linnaeus Medal to Eduard Strasburger, 1905

In 1905 Eduard Strasburger was awarded the Linnaeus Medal , which is awarded annually by the Linnaeus Society to an outstanding botanist or zoologist . In 1908 he was also awarded the highly renowned Darwin Wallace Medal (together with five other scientists, e.g. Ernst Haeckel ), which was only awarded every fifty years until 2008 for outstanding progress in evolutionary biology .

According to Strasburger, the plant genus Strasburgeria is Baill. named from the Strasburgeriaceae family.

Fonts

  • About fertilization and cell healing , Leipzig, 1878 (digitized version )
  • Textbook of botany for universities . Fischer, Jena 1894
  • The little botanical practical course for beginners. Instructions for self-study of microscopic botany and introduction to microscopic technology. 4th edition. Jena, Fischer 1900. Digitized edition

literature

  • George Karsten: Eduard Strasburger , Stuttgart 1912.
  • HM Finke, A. Besinsky, D. von Denffer, F. Ehrendorfer, K. Mägdefrau, P. Sitte, H. Ziegler, WD von Lucius (1994): 100 years of Strasburger's textbook on botany for universities, 1894–1994. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart / Jena / New York. 168 pages.

Web links

Commons : Eduard Strasburger  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Klaus Oskar Leyde: Strasburger. In: German Gender Book Volume 207 (56th General Volume), CA Starke Verlag, Limburg 1998, pp. 227–242.
  2. ↑ Patricia L. Barnes-Svarney, Thomas E. Svarney: The Oryx Guide to Natural History: The Earth and All Its Inhabitants. Greenwood Publishing
  3. ↑ H .M. Finke, A. Bresinsky, D. von Denffer, F. Ehrendorfer, K. Magdefrau, P. Sitte, H. Ziegler, WD von Lucius: 100 years of Strasburg's textbook on botany for universities, 1894–1994. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart / Jena / New York 1994.
  4. ↑ Member entry of Eduard Strasburger at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 5, 2016.
  5. ^ The life and work of Eduard Strasburgers (1844–1912) [1] German Botanical Society
  6. ^ Entry on Strasburger, Eduard Adolf (1844–1912) in the archive of the Royal Society , London
  7. ^ Member entry of Eduard Strasburger (with picture) at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on February 5, 2016.
  8. ↑ www.sejm-wielki.pl .
  9. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Strasburger, Eduard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Strasburger, Eduard Adolf (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German botanist
DATE OF BIRTH February 1, 1844
PLACE OF BIRTH Warsaw
DATE OF DEATH May 18, 1912
Place of death Bonn