Emanuel List
Emanuel List , also Emmanuel List , actually Emanuel Fleissig (born March 22, 1888 in Vienna ; † June 21, 1967 in Vienna) was an Austrian - American opera singer and one of the darkest vocally and most threatening "black basses " of his time. Even compared to Gottlob Fricks Hunding ( Die Walküre , Wilhelm Furtwängler 1954 and Georg Solti 1966), his ( Bruno Walter 1936) is even a bit darker. Also as Hagen ( Götterdämmerung ) and Fafner ( Siegfried ) he reached the peak of horror.
Life
List studied in Vienna and made his debut at the Volksoper in 1922 as Méphistophélès in Gounod's Faust .
Due to his Jewish descent, List, who came to the Städtische Oper Berlin in 1923 , had been a member of the Berlin State Opera since 1924 , made his debut at the Salzburg Festival in 1931 and had sung regularly at the Bayreuth Festival until 1933 , had to leave Germany in 1934 - a fate that he u. A. shared with his colleague Friedrich Schorr ; however, he had already received US citizenship in 1918. He then sang at Covent Garden and the Metropolitan Opera and until 1938 and the “ Anschluss ” at the Vienna State Opera . In 1950 he returned to Berlin (now FRG ) and sang at the Städtische Oper for two more years. In 1952 he retired in his hometown.
Like Gottlob Frick, List was not only an excellent stage villain and villain, but also an excellent Osmin ( The Abduction from the Seraglio ) and also an excellent Baron Ochs ( Der Rosenkavalier - a role Frick refused all his life).
His grave is located in the Vienna Central Cemetery , Neuer Israelitischer Friedhof, Gate 4 (Gr. 1, No. 61)
literature
- Horst Seeger : Opera Lexicon . 4th edition. Henschelverlag Art and Society, Berlin (GDR) 1989.
- Kurt Malisch: List, Emanuel. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 11 (Lesage - Menuhin). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2004, ISBN 3-7618-1121-7 , Sp. 200–201 ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
Web links
- Emanuel List in the Lexicon of Persecuted Musicians of the Nazi Era (LexM)
- Emanuel List with Bach Cantatas (English)
- Emanuel List at Operissimo on the basis of the Great Singer Lexicon
Individual evidence
- ↑ according to other information in 1886 or 1890, cf. Emanuel List with Bach Cantatas (English); on his tombstone is indicated 1891
- ^ Karl-Joseph Kutsch, Leo Riemens: Large singing dictionary . Volume 4. 4th edition. KG Saur, Munich 2003, ISBN 978-3-598-44088-5 , p. 2753.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | List, Emanuel |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | List, Emmanuel; Hardworking, Emanuel (real name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian-American opera singer (bass) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 22, 1888 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 21, 1967 |
| Place of death | Vienna |