Enggano
| Pulau Enggano | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Waters | Indian Ocean |
| Archipelago | Sumatra |
| Geographical location | 5 ° 23 ' S , 102 ° 14' E |
| length | 35 km |
| width | 16 km |
| surface | 397 km² |
| Highest elevation | Koho Buwabuwa 281 m |
| Residents | 1420 (1989) 3.6 inhabitants / km² |
| main place | Kajaapu |
 |
|
Enggano ( Indonesian Pulau Enggano ) is around 100 km off the western coast of Sumatra located Indonesian island in the Indian Ocean .
geography
Enggano is 35 km long, 16 km wide and 397 km² in size; it reaches a height of 281 m with the hill Koho Buwabuwa.
The comparatively isolated island belongs to the Bengkulu province . The three largest settlements are Barhau, Kabuwe and Kayaapu. The small islands of Satu, Marbau, Bangkai and Dua are located off the southern coast. Further to the north, also off the west coast of Sumatra, are the island of Mega and the Mentawai Islands .
Ships go to the port city of Bengkulu in Sumatra.
population
The approximately 1600 inhabitants speak their own language, which is also called Enggano ( ISO 639-3 : eno ). It belongs to the Austronesian languages , but it contains very unusual elements.
history
70 million years ago, the Indian and Asian continental plates pushed together, the Himalayan Mountains rose just like the Barisan Mountains on Sumatra. This created a deep rift in the sea off the coast of Sumatra and subsequently the island of Enggano.
The island was first mentioned in 1596 by the Dutch navigator Cornelis de Houtman , who did not land. After more Dutch ships up to 1645, the English captain Charles Miller landed in 1771. He mentions that the island is densely populated and that the inhabitants live in tall, beehive-shaped stilt houses. In 1866 there were 6,420 inhabitants, by 1884 their number had decreased to 870, which is explained by infectious diseases, internal feuds and deliberate childlessness. The Italian researcher Elio Modigliani visited Enggano in 1891 and described the inhabitants and their culture.
present
On March 6, 2008, the island was shaken by an earthquake that destroyed several houses.
The island now has a certain reputation among scuba divers . It has long, white beaches and picturesque coral reefs . It can be reached by boat from the coastal city of Bintuhan .
fauna
The Salvadori spectacled bird , the engganobeo , the enggano scops owl and the enggano thrush are endemic to Enggano .
literature
- Hans Kähler : Texts from the island of Enggano. Reports about a sinking culture (= publications of the seminar for Indonesian and South Sea languages of the University of Hamburg. Vol. 9, ZDB -ID 1018530-6 ). D. Reimer, Berlin 1975.
- Hans Kähler: Enggano - German dictionary (= publications of the seminar for Indonesian and South Sea languages of the University of Hamburg. Vol. 14). Edited from the estate and provided with a German Enggano dictionary by Hans Schmidt. D. Reimer, Berlin et al. 1975, ISBN 3-496-00178-X .
- Albert G. van Zonneveld: Traditionele wapens van Enggano. A dilapidated cultuur van de Indonesian archipelago. Sunfield, Leiden 2012, ISBN 978-90-819274-0-6 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ UNEP Islands (English)
- ↑ Enggano on Ethnologue.org . Spokesperson according to the 2000 census: 1500. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
- ^ Roger Blench: Enggano language materials. (accessed on October 16, 2012)
- ↑ indonesiaforyou.com ( Memento of the original from March 14, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ De eerste expeditie naar indie .
- ↑ Waldemar Stöhr: The old Indonesian religions. ( Handbook of Oriental Studies. Third section: Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. Second volume: Religions. Section 2) EJ Brill, Leiden / Cologne 1976, p. 155
- ^ Elio Modigliani: L'isola delle donne. Viaggio ad Engano. Ulrico Hoepli, Milano 1894.
- ↑ muslimehelfen.org
