Eschiva from Bures

Eschiva von Bures († after 1187) was princess of Galilee and wife of the Count of Tripoli .

Life

She was the daughter of the crusader Gottfried von Bures . Her uncle Wilhelm von Bures had risen to prince of Galilee in 1120 , but was sent into exile in 1143, whereupon Eschiva's brother Simon managed to take over Galilee in 1148/50 until Wilhelm could return from exile in 1153. When Wilhelm died in 1158, Eschiva inherited the Principality of Galilee from him.

In 1159 she married Walter von Saint-Omer and had four sons with him (see below).

When Walter died around 1174, she married Count Raimund III for the second time . from Tripoli . Her marriage to him was childless.

In the summer of 1187, Eschiva was besieged in the capital of her principality, Tiberias , by the Ayyubid Sultan Saladin . The city fell on July 2nd and Eschiva holed up with a few men in the city's citadel , where they waited for relief . The united army of the Crusader states , which advanced to terrorize them, was defeated only two days later in the battle of Hattin by Saladin, whereupon the citadel of Tiberias surrendered and, among other things, a. all of Gaelilee was conquered by Saladin. Eschiva was released a little later for a ransom and went to Tripoli . Her husband Raimund, one of the few who had escaped from the battle of Hattin, died in Tripoli in the same year of an illness.

The title of Prince of Galilee was carried on by her son from her first marriage, Hugo II; after his death in 1204 by her son Rudolf.

From her first marriage to Walter, Eschiva had four sons:

• Hugo II of Saint-Omer , titular prince of Galilee 1187–1204
• Wilhelm von Saint-Omer ⚭ Maria, daughter of Rainer , constable of Tripoli, widow of Baldwin von Ibelin
• Rudolf von Saint-Omer (Raoul / Ralph), titular prince of Galilee 1204–1219 ⚭ Agnes Garnier, daughter of Rainald Garnier , Count of Sidon
• Odo of Saint-Omer , constable of Tripoli, lord of Gogulat ⚭ Fenie (Euphemia) Garnier, sister of Agnes Garnier

literature

• Hans Eberhard Mayer : History of the crusades (= Kohlhammer Urban pocket books. 86). 8th, improved and enlarged edition. W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart et al. 1995, ISBN 3-17-013802-2 .
• Hans Eberhard Mayer]: The Crusader Principality of Galilee between Saint-Omer and Bures-sur-Yvette. In: Raoul Curiel, Rika Gyselen (ed.): Itinéraires d'Orient. Homages to Claude Cahen (= Res Orientales. 6). Groupe pour l'étude de la civilization du Moyen-Orient, Bures-sur-Yvette 1994, ISBN 2-9508266-0-1 , pp. 157-167.
• Régine Pernoud : Women at the time of the crusades (= Herder spectrum. Bd. 4375). Herder, Freiburg (Breisgau) 1995, ISBN 3-451-04375-0 .
• Steven Runciman : History of the Crusades. Special edition in one volume without references to sources and literature, 28. – 32. Thousands of the total print run. CH Beck, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-406-39960-6 .

Web links

• Eschiva (II) de Bures at fmg.ac (English)

predecessor	Office	successor
Wilhelm I of Bures	Princess of Galilee 1158–1187	Hugo II of Saint-Omer (titular prince)