Ethel Tawse Jollie

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ethel Tawse Jollie (from a 1907 publication)

Ethel Maude Tawse Jollie (born March 8, 1874 in Castle Church, Stafford , † September 21, 1950 in Salisbury , South Rhodesia , born Ethel Maude Cookson, widowed Colquhoun) was a Rhodesian publicist , writer and political activist. She was the first female MP in the British Empire outside the UK .

education

She studied art with Anthony Ludovici at the Slade School of Fine Art .

Political positions and offices

Before the First World War, she was an opponent of women's suffrage . But the war and the role of women in it changed her mind.

She got into politics in 1920 because she campaigned for a change in the status of Rhodesia in the British Empire . She founded the Rhodesian Responsible Government Association , of which she was Honorary Secretary from 1917 to 1919. This party pursued the goal of obtaining a separate government for Rhodesia independently of the British South Africa Company . Ethel Tawse Jollie campaigned successfully against the Union of Rhodesia and South Africa . The politician was elected to the Legislative Council of Southern Rhodesia in 1920. This made her the first MP in the British Empire outside the UK and the first MP in Africa.

When the Rhodesian Responsible Government Association won the referendum in 1922, it became the Rhodesian Party . Ethel Tawse Jollie was elected MP for Umtali in 1924 . However, she was not re-elected in either 1928 or 1933.

Ethel Tawse Jollie served on the boards of the Women's Unionist Association and the Maritime Imperial Ligue . She was also one of the most important speakers and organizers of the National Service Ligue .

Journalistic activity

Her book Real Rhodesia was published in 1924 . In the 1920s and 1930s she wrote numerous articles and books and became the leading Rhodesian publicist, publishing articles on Rhodesia and the British Empire in British and US newspapers and magazines.

Private life

While at college, she met and married explorer and clerk Archibald Ross Colquhoun in 1900. They traveled extensively together, and Ethel worked with him on travel and political books. When her husband died in 1914, she took over the publication of United Empire magazine as his successor .

She later married the farmer John Tawse Jollie. When he died in 1932, Ethel got into economic hardship despite the income from her journalistic activities. She had to sell the farm in 1934 and moved into an apartment in Salisbury. She was appointed women's employment officer but was diagnosed with cancer shortly thereafter. In 1946 she went back to Great Britain to recover health in an old people's home. But the Rhodesian government made funds available so that they could move to a small apartment in Rhodesia and live on a pension. She died there on September 21, 1950.

Publications (selection)

  • Two on their Travels. William Heinemann, 1902.
  • Our Just Cause; Facts about the War for Ready Reference. William Heinemann, 1914.
  • The Real Rhodesia. Hutchinson & Co., 1924.
  • Native administration in Southern Rhodesia. Royal Society of Arts, 1935

literature

  • Donal Lowry: White Woman's Country: Ethel Tawse Jollie and the Making of White Rhodesia. In: Journal of Southern African Studies. Taylor and Francis Ltd., Volume 23, Number 23, Special Issue for Terry Ranger , June 1997, pp. 259-281.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Donal Lowry: White Women's Country. Ethel Tawse Jollie and the Making of White Rhodesia. In: Journal of Southern African studies, Volume 23, Number 2, June 1997, pp. 259 ff.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Stephen Luscombe: Ethel Tawse Jolie. In: The British Empire. August 9, 2018, accessed January 2, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Jock McCulloch: Black Peril, White Virtue: Sexual Crime in Southern Rhodesia, 1902-1935. Indiana Univ. Press 2000, ISBN 978-0253337283 , p. 218.
  4. ^ David Kenrick: Gendering the Settler State: White Women, Race, Liberalism and Empire in Rhodesia, 1950–1980 by Kate Law. (pdf, 507 kB) In: Journal of History and Cultures 7. 2017, pp. 48–49 , accessed on January 2, 2019 (English, review).
  5. ^ Mart Martin: The Almanac of Women and Minorities in World Politics. Westview Press Boulder, Colorado, 2000, p. 430.
personal data
SURNAME Jollie, Ethel Tawse
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jollie, Ethel Maude Tawse (full name); Cookson, Ethel Maude (maiden name); Colquhoun, Ethel Maude
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Rhodesian writer, political activist; first MP in the UK overseas territories and on the African continent
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Castle Church, Stafford
DATE OF DEATH September 21, 1950
Place of death Salisbury , Southern Rhodesia