Evangelical Church Winnen (Allendorf / Lumda)

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Church from the southwest

The Evangelical Church in Winnen , a district in Allendorf (Lumda) in the district of Gießen ( Hesse ), is a listed church building. The oldest parts of it go back to the end of the 13th century and were completed around 1320. In 1908 the nave was given its present shape through an extension. With its choir tower, the church shapes the townscape and is a Hessian cultural monument .

history

Choir vault and arch from the 14th century, wooden barrel in the nave from 1908

The beginnings of the previous church probably go back to the 10th century. A pleban Werner in Winnen ( plebanus de winden ) in a legal case is documented for the year 1238 . The document of the Arnsburg Monastery is the oldest written evidence of the place and the parish. At the end of the 13th century, the church was replaced by a new building, which was completed around 1320. The parish of Winnen, founded in the 12th or early 13th century, included Nordeck and Allendorf as branches from the start.

The prosperous Allendorf achieved church independence in 1323 with its own parish. The right of patronage was exercised by the landgraves between 1323 and 1526, followed by the Rau von Holzhausen . According to a document from 1422, the altar in Winnen was St. Dedicated to Walburga . There is evidence of an altar of Our Lady in a chapel in or on the church, which is perhaps identical to the sacristy . The church therefore had the main patronage of St. Walburgis and a subsidiary patronage of St. Maria .

In the late Middle Ages Winnen was assigned to the Archdiaconate St. Stephan in the Archdiocese of Mainz . With the introduction of the Reformation , the place changed to the Protestant faith. In 1528 the Reformation was introduced in the Lumdatal ; The first Lutheran pastor is recorded in the early 1540s. In 1577 Wermertshausen was parish off to Winnen and received its own half-timbered church in the middle of the 18th century . Under Landgrave Moritz (Hessen-Kassel) , Reformed pastors were probably installed between 1607 and 1624, and Lutheran pastors again after Moritz's death.

Between 1906 and 1908 the nave was expanded to the north to almost double its width under the direction of the architect August Dauber (Marburg). In the course of this, the west gable was raised and a wooden barrel was inserted in the nave , which was originally closed off by a flat beam ceiling. The church painter Nicolaus Dauber, brother of the architect, painted the church in 1908. The church was extensively renovated in ten years from 1969.

Together with Nordeck and Wermertshausen, Winnen formed a parish until the end of 2011 in the extreme southwest of the Evangelical Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck . After 435 years, Wermertshausen was released from the parish of Winnen on January 1, 2012 and connected to the Protestant parish of Dreihausen / Heskem .

architecture

Grave slab for the Barons Rau von Holzhausen to the right of the south portal
View from the north of the diverse roof landscape
Covered south portal

The geostete fortified church from quarry stone masonry is increased on the northern outskirts and is visible from afar. The churchyard wall is still partially preserved and used to completely enclose the church.

The oldest part is the early Gothic choir tower in the east from the 13th century on a square floor plan. At the beginning of the 14th century it received a pointed arched choir arch with protruding stones and a ribbed vault on small consoles. The keystone is covered with a golden rose. The tower is closed by a slated tent roof and has a protruding dormer on the south side. Like the delicate spire, it probably dates from the 17th century. The church tower houses a triple bell. The narrow, two-part south arched window dates from the 13th century, while the narrow east window with a three-pass was designed in the 14th century. A vaulted sacristy was added on the northern side in the 15th century, which later served as a burial place. The hipped roof of the sacristy has a shingled dormer on the north side.

The nave, which was expanded in 1908, has a gable roof with small dormers on both sides. The church is accessed through portals in the west and south, the walls of which date from the 15th century. The lintel over the west portal is marked 1723. The south portal serves as the main entrance and is covered. The windows on the south side date from the 13th, 17th, 18th and 20th centuries. Four arched windows of different sizes are embedded in the upper level, below the very small western window a double arched window and to the east under the larger arched window from 1908 a small square window. The garments are made partly from red sandstone, partly from lung stone. The northern extension is independent from the gable and provides access to the northern gallery via an external staircase. There is a narrow, arched window in the west gable.

A worn and weathered sandstone epitaph for the Barons Rau von Holzhausen zu Nordeck from the second half of the 16th century is set up on the south side of the tower. He refers to the "intoxicating inheritance". The stone shows a bearded knight with a sword, possibly Adolf VIII, who is flanked by his two wives in long flowing clothes, surrounded by five family coats of arms.

Furnishing

Choir window (replica, original from 1320)
Interior to the east
Late Renaissance pulpit

The painting in the neo-Gothic-late romantic style comes from Nicolaus Dauber. In the vault of the choir tower, four angels hold scrolls with the biblical words from John 3:16  LUT . Below the angels, the vault caps are painted with delicate tendrils. The reveals of the choir windows are also decorated with tendrils. On the north wall of the choir, the baptism of Christ by John the Baptist is shown, framed by two large vine branches, around the trunk of which is a banner with the Latin Bible verse from Mt 3 : 14-15  VUL . Below the fresco , a sacrament niche is embedded in the north wall, which is closed by a wooden door with an ogival latticework. A crucifix is attached above the chancel arch , which is surrounded by a large fresco showing two angels with banners ( Revelation 5:12  LUT ). Inside the choir arch, above the fighting stones, the prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and Daniel are painted, whose gestures correspond to those of the four evangelists on the southern choir window.

All choir windows have stained glass. The eastern choir window shows four female saints, the three-pass above the crucifixion scene with the Greek-Latin INRI inscription: "IHS • NA • R • I" (Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews). The original three-pass glass painting has not been preserved. The choir windows are replicas that were designed in 1908. The originals from 1320 are in the Hessisches Landesmuseum Kassel . At the top left is St. Margareta with her attributes, palm branch and book, depicted, St. Catherine with wheel and sword, lower left probably Maria Magdalena , of whom only the head under the arcade has been preserved, lower right St. Mary with the child, omitted from the 1908 replica. The southern choir window with the evangelists was donated in 1908 by the pastor family Berdux. A stained glass window donated by the bourgeois community in the south wall of the nave near the pulpit shows the blessing Christ.

The interior of the nave is closed on the south side by a wooden barrel, which is brightly painted with a starry sky as a background and ornaments on the strips. On the north and west side, coffered galleries are built in, which are decorated with a frieze below . The west gallery serves as the installation site for the organ.

The bricked block altar with painted ashlar and the medieval altar plate in the choir is raised by one step. The wooden altar crucifix has its counterpart in the crucifix above the choir arch. The wooden polygonal pulpit from 1654 on the southern arched pillar is designed in the late Renaissance style. It rests on a wooden column surrounded by curved struts. The pulpit fields are coffered below and have round arches between pilasters in the upper area.

organ

View of the organ gallery

In 1845, Peter Dickel and his father Heinrich built a single-manual organ with eleven stops . A new organ was built on the new north gallery in 1907. In 1938 the community sold the organ and had a new plant built on the west gallery. The instrument comes from the Lich company Förster & Nicolaus and has twelve registers, which are distributed over two manuals and pedal. The neo-baroque prospectus is divided into three pipe fields by pilasters. The continuous cornice forms a gable in the middle. Two carved volutes form the side finish .

In 2008, the organ was renovated and a new register (reed flute 4 ′) was installed by the builder company. The bass flute 4 ' is a transmission from the main work . The disposition is as follows:

Hauptwerk C – g 3
Principal 8th'
Reed flute 8th'
Night horn 4 ′
Octave 2 ′
Mixture II-III 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Upper section C – g 3
Covered while singing 8th'
Praestant 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
recorder 2 ′
Zimbel III 1 ⁄ 2 ′ + 2 ⁄ 5 ′ + 1 ⁄ 3 ′
Pedal C – f 1
Sub-bass 16 ′
Octave bass 8th'
Bass flute (from HW) 4 ′

literature

  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I: Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 974.
  • Heimat- und Verkehrsverein Allendorf (Lumda) eV (Hrsg.): Allendorf an der Lumda. The middle of the valley. Deissmann, Allendorf 1987, pp. 232-242.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Karlheinz Lang (edit.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. District of Giessen III. The communities of Allendorf (Lumda), Biebertal, Heuchelheim, Lollar, Staufenberg and Wettenberg. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 3-8062-2179-0 , p. 80.
  • Hessisches Landesmuseum (ed.), Antje Scherner, Stefanie Cossalter-Dallmann (edit.): Gothic glass windows from the parish church in Winnen. In: From the treasury of history. From the Middle Ages to the 19th century. (= Catalogs of the museum landscape Hessen Kassel. Volume 63). Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-7319-0465-6 , pp. 28-29.
  • Ernst Schneider: Allendorf on the Lumda. Chronicle of an old city. Verlag der Stadt, Allendorf an der Lumda 1970, pp. 307-317.
  • Peter Weyrauch : The churches of the old district of Giessen. Mittelhessische Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Gießen 1979, p. 194 f.
  • Markus Zink; Evangelical parish (ed.): The parish of Winnen. Church art history. A church leader. Evangelical Media Association, Kassel 2004.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Church Winnen (Allendorf / Lumda)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.): Cultural monuments in Hesse. 2010, p. 80.
  2. ^ Weyrauch: The churches of the old district Gießen. 1979, p. 194.
  3. ^ Schneider: Allendorf an der Lumda. 1970, p. 307.
  4. ↑ Winning. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on March 25, 2014 .
  5. ^ Zinc: The parish of Winnen. 2004, p. 16 f., 64.
  6. ↑ a b c d Weyrauch: The churches of the old district of Gießen. 1979, p. 195.
  7. ^ Schneider: Allendorf an der Lumda. 1970, p. 312.
  8. ↑ a b Heimat- und Verkehrsverein Allendorf (ed.): Allendorf an der Lumda. 1987, p. 233.
  9. ↑ Oberhessische Presse of April 13, 2012: After 435 years, the common path ends , accessed on October 28, 2014.
  10. ↑ a b Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 974.
  11. ^ Zinc: The parish of Winnen. 2004, pp. 7-10.
  12. ^ Zinc: The parish of Winnen. 2004, p. 7.
  13. ^ Zinc: The parish of Winnen. 2004, p. 43 f.
  14. ^ Zinc: The parish of Winnen. 2004, p. 41.
  15. ^ Zinc: The parish of Winnen. 2004, pp. 27-34.
  16. ^ Zinc: The parish of Winnen. 2004, p. 42.
  17. ↑ Private page on Winnen and Nordeck: With the four-foot tube flute now a significantly better sound ( Memento from March 31, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).
  18. ↑ organindex.de: in Winnen , accessed on October 29, 2014.

Coordinates: 50 ° 41 ′ 43.8 "  N , 8 ° 49 ′ 48.8"  E