Eyâlet Diyarbakır

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The Vilayet Diyâr-ı Bekr
Map of the Vilayet Diyarbakır from 1892

The Eyalet Diyâr-ı Bekr ( Ottoman : Eyalet-i Diyâr-ı Bekr) or the Diyâr-ı Bekr Beylerbeyliği was an Ottoman Eyalet founded in 1515 . Its center was Amed, today's Diyarbakır .

history

According to the Aq Qoyunlu , the Persian Safavids became rulers of the area in Eastern Anatolia in the 16th century. On August 23, 1514, the Ottoman Empire defeated the Safavids in the Battle of Chaldiran and thus pushed the Safavids out of Anatolia.

The city of Diyarbakır was conquered in 1527 under the leadership of Bıyıklı Mehmet Pasha for the Ottomans, who then made the city the provincial capital. The province originally included Mosul , the regions Diyar Rabiʿa and Diyar Mudar as well as Bitlis. Subsequent restructuring made the province smaller, but it remained one of the largest and most important Ottoman provinces. In particular, the location near the troubled and important Persian border established the importance of the province. Under Ottoman rule, Diyarbakır was spared four centuries of war.

The Eyalet Diyâr-ı Bekr was 71,272 km² in the 17th century, which makes up 6.5% of today's Turkish Republic. The Eyalet corresponds to today's provinces Diyarbakır , Elazığ , Siirt , Bingöl (except Kiğı ), Mardin , Tunceli , the eastern half of Urfa and the district of Eğin ( Kemaliye ) in Erzincan .

structure

The Eyalet existed at different times from different numbers of Sanjak . For example, in 1518 the province comprised twelve sanjaks. A few years later there were 14. In 1869 the province had four sanjaks. The following Sanshaks belonged to the province over time: Sanjak Diyar-ı Bekr, Sanjak Harput, Sanjak Ergani, Sanjak Siverek, Sanjak Nusaybin, Sanjak Hısn-ı Keyfâ, Sanjak Alçakala, Sanjak Habur, Sanjak Sincar, Sanjak Meyvanyaf (also called ), Sanjak Siird, Sanjak Çemişgezek and another 13 small Sanjaks. In the Eyalet there were also eight Kurdish sandjaks, whose governorship was hereditary, and five autonomous Kurdish Hükümet (German: governments).

With the decree of Teşkil-i Vilâyet Nizamnâmesi for the restructuring of the imperial administration in 1864, the Eyalet Diyâr-ı Bekr was replaced by the Vilayet Diyâr-ı Bekr.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ J. Sourdel-Thomine in: Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition, Leiden. sv Diyar Bakr
  2. ↑ İslâm Ansiklopedisi , sv Diyarbakır