Principality of Wales
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Principality of Wales Tywysogaeth Cymru (Welsh) |
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 Flag of the Principality of Wales (843-1707) |
 Coat of arms of the Principality of Wales |
 Principality of Wales 1267-1542 |
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| Official language | Welsh |
| Capital | Garth Celyn and Dolwyddelan |
The Principality of Wales ( Welsh : Tywysogaeth Cymru ) was formed in 1267 by the Treaty of Montgomery , which the English King Henry III. and Llywelyn ap Gruffydd , the Lord of Gwynedd .
Most of the small lordships and cantrefi of the north, west and center of Wales paid homage to the Prince of Wales (the title was formally given to Llywelyn in 1267), who in turn paid homage to the King of England as a vassal .
From the Battle of Orewin Bridge in 1282, in which Wales lost its independence, to the Incorporation of Wales Acts 1535–1542 , the term was applied to that part of the country that was under the direct rule of the king. The other areas did not belong to the principality, but to the Welsh Marches and were subordinate to the Marcher Lords .
However, the term is used today to refer to all of Wales.