Driver assistance system (rail traffic)

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Driver Assistance Systems (DAS, Driver Advisory System) provide drivers with recommendations for improved traction control. The aim is to drive the optimal speed profile on every route in order to reduce energy consumption and wear.

As a reaction to rising energy prices and to achieve ecological goals (reduction of CO 2 emissions), an energy-saving driving style is becoming increasingly important for railway companies . Since train drivers are often deployed flexibly, they are not always able to find the optimal speed profile for every route in every situation. With the help of information and measurement technology, route data such as slow-speed areas, maximum speeds and stops with associated times, but also topographical data such as inclines and curves can be compared with the time available in the timetable.

From this information, an optimized speed profile can be calculated and suggested to the driver in real time and visually.

Newer products (such as LEADER) have functions that learn by storing data and comparing, and selecting the best trip to use as a new reference.

According to other ideas, driver assistance systems should "make the best possible use of the driving time reserve as a coasting phase to reduce traction energy consumption"; an "optimal networking of the S-Bahn to the road-based public transport to enhance the attractiveness for transiting passengers" or energy efficiency , ecology , punctuality and passenger satisfaction, a reduction of energy consumption and optimize the operation of trains be achieved.

Examples

Details on selected systems

DIS - Driver Information System

Like the LEA, RailOpt DIS (Driver Information System) from the Swiss company Qnamic AG is not permanently installed in the traction vehicle, but offers the train driver access to timetable and route data, speed limits and additional instructions via any personal (sub) notebook. The display is structured similarly to the EBuLa system. The current position is updated using a time-controlled clock that is independent of the vehicle. Data on the notebook is updated via GSM or, where available, via WLAN. RailOpt DIS is currently in use at the Swiss EVU BLS and SOB .

EBuLa

The electronic book timetable that is used by Deutsche Bahn.

Ecotrainbook FASSI

The most functionally similar solution is the Ecotrainbook product. Like EBuLa, the Ecotrainbook is a development by DB Systel and integrates the functions of the book timetable, directory of slow-speed driving areas, energy-saving assistant and GPS positioning. While EBuLa is only suitable for the "train reporting operation DB" operating procedure, Ecotrainbook also supports the display of timetables in train control operations according to the rules of the DB or FV-NE. This is why Ecotrainbook (FASSI System) is also used in some regional networks of the DB Group instead of EBuLa on- board devices.

FASSI has been in service with the S-Bahn Berlin since 2015. The information about the departure time, which should also include connection security, is of particular importance. The investments should have paid for themselves through energy savings after three years.

Energymiser

The Energymiser is the brand name of the Australian developments that started with the Metromiser (passenger transport) and the Freightmiser (freight transport). It is now in service on iron ore trains in Africa, freight trains in Australia, the United Kingdom and India, and high-speed trains in the United Kingdom, according to the manufacturer. With the freight transport version, the driver can set the desired arrival time, which can be, for example, the arrival of the opposing train at a crossing station, whereupon an optimized driving profile is calculated and displayed.

ETCS

The European Train Control System (ETCS) can be used as the basis for driver assistance systems. For example, based on the position reports from ETCS in the Lötschberg and Gotthard base tunnels, driving recommendations are generated and sent to the driver via text messages.

GreenSpeed

The GreenSpeed ​​system was already largely introduced by the Danish State Railways (DSB) in 2012 . 75% of the vehicle fleet own the GreenSpeed ​​device. In addition to the current and permitted speed, it also shows the driver the recommended speed. The book timetable is divided into two parts: a line with the speeds and a list of stations. The system can be operated on different levels that describe the networking. Level 0 means that there are no connections to other systems. Level 1 means networking with the track side, level 2 with train systems and level 2+ with the train-side ETCS components. The system, which is primarily intended to improve punctuality, has led to energy savings of 8%, according to DSB.

LEA - Lokpersonal Electronic Assistant

Electronic book timetable on the Swiss Federal Railways

LEADER - Locomotive Engineer Assist Display & Event Recorder

A similar system is offered by Knorr-Bremse that can be used for both passenger and freight trains. It was originally developed by New York Air Brake and primarily served to reduce brake wear. An integrated GPS module, available route information and timetables, provide the driver with a driving recommendation (position of the drive or brake lever). This goes beyond the EBuLa functions, since, in addition to the energy-optimized driving style, the focus is on achieving low train-internal tensile and compressive forces and thus the safe operation of long freight trains. Positive effects are the increase in punctuality, the reduction in wear and tear and the saving of energy. The system is primarily used by North American freight railways, but there are also versions for passenger transport in which the roll-out instructions are in the foreground.

After a practical test in 2017, a decision is to be made about further installations.

The system is static and does not take into account, among other things, the current operating situation (e.g. delayed trains ahead).

UIC 612-05 standard

The new UIC 612-05 standard "Display System in driver cab (DDS) - Electronic Timetable Display (ETD)" describes both the detailed user interface of an electronic timetable and the electrical protocol via which this display receives timetable data . The display is one of four identical displays in a standard driver's cab according to UIC 612-0.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.rssb.co.uk/SiteCollectionDocuments/pdf/reports/research/T724_rpt_final_stage2.pdf  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.rssb.co.uk  
  2. ↑ http://www.rssb.co.uk/SiteCollectionDocuments/pdf/reports/research/T724_stage1_rpt_final.pdf  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.rssb.co.uk  
  3. ↑ [1] TU Dresden , "The driver assistance system ENAflex-S" (PDF; 300 kB)
  4. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from July 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Deutsche Bahn , FASS driver assistance system for railways @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dbkommunikationstechnik.de
  5. ↑ http://www.rssb.co.uk/SiteCollectionDocuments/pdf/reports/research/T724_stage1_rpt_final.pdf  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.rssb.co.uk  
  6. ↑ RailOpt DIS 1.5 in test operation at BLS AG Bahnonline.ch
  7. ↑ Kusche / Geipert: "Ecotrainbook Driver assistance system". DB RegioNetz Verkehrs GmbH, April 28, 2010, accessed on December 14, 2013 .
  8. ↑ From now on with driver assistance system: Berlin's S-Bahn trains are more punctual and more efficient at their destination http://www.s-bahn-berlin.de/presse/presse_beispiel.php?ID=859 , accessed on June 1, 2015
  9. ↑ TTG Transportation Technology: "Energymiser". (No longer available online.) TTG Transportation Technology, archived from the original on February 15, 2014 ; accessed on May 12, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ttgtransportationtechnology.com
  10. ↑ Cubris: "Cubris Green Speed Driver Advisory System". Cubris, accessed May 13, 2014 .
  11. ↑ KB Media: "LEADER Driver Assistant". (PDF; 487 kB) (No longer available online.) Knorr Bremse AG, formerly in the original ; Retrieved May 21, 2013 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.knorr-bremse.de  
  12. ↑ a b DB Cargo puts dubious driver assistance system into operation . In: Eisenbahn-Revue International . No. 1 , 2017, ISSN  1421-2811 , p. 6 .
  13. ↑ Ralph Müller: UIC 612. (PDF; 287 kB) UIC, accessed on May 20, 2010 (English).