Interlocking tiles
A rabbet tile is a roof tile with a so-called interlocking (ribs and grooves ), with which the tiles only interlock at their edges.
history
As a result of industrial mass production with the help of the steam engine since the middle of the 19th century , the traditional roof tiles were increasingly replaced by interlocking tiles. An early model of the interlocking tile was patented in 1841 by the Alsatian company Gilardoni Frères in Altkirch under the name Tuile à emboîtement . At that time, the patent protection was only valid for ten years, so that this design was imitated and further developed by the Ensheim brickworks from 1857 by Wilhelm Ludowici .
Due to its diamond-shaped surface pattern (a whole and a half "double heart "), the first interlocking tile was also called a heart tile . The purpose of this pattern was to direct the rainwater onto the sides of the brick.
function
With unfolded roof tiles, a tight roof can only be achieved with a crown covering (see beaver tail ) or double covering (see monk and nun ). So two layers on top of each other are required, which has a considerable influence on the weight of the roof.
Because of their shape, interlocking tiles allow the tiles to overlap only at their outermost edge. This means that a much smaller area of the roof has to be covered than with traditional tiles. Due to the rebate system, the roof is denser and better protected against storms.
construction
A rabbet tile can have side rabbet, head rabbet, bottom rabbet and top rabbet parts on its edges (see rabbet (connection technology) ). With most roofing with interlocking tiles, four tiles each overlap in the four-tile corner . This intersection can be on four levels or on three levels (i.e. two middle bricks do not intersect).
species
Interlocking tiles are flat tiles that only interlock with one side seam. Double interlocking tiles have double interlocking on the sides. Due to the finer and more stable structure of the pressed roof tiles since around 1880, this tile was further developed into a double groove interlocking tile . The height of the interlocking tiles is variable and must be adapted to the roof pitch.
Hollow interlocking tiles are a further development of the classic hollow pans . They are crimped on the side and at the top. This means they can be moved without raising them.
literature
- José Luis Moro: Building Construction. From principle to detail. Vol. 3: Implementation, Springer, Heidelberg 2008, p. 489f. ISBN 978-3-540-85914-7
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Emile Lejeune: Guide du briquetier du fabricant de tuiles, carreaux, tuyaux et autres produits en terre cuite . Librairie du Dictionnaire des Arts et Manufactures, Paris 1870, p. 340 (French, bnf.fr [accessed on September 28, 2016] In the original: “cette forme triangulaire a pour but de diviser les eaux pour les déverser à droite et à gauche”.).