Finger bush

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Finger bush
Finger shrub (Dasiphora fruticosa)

Finger shrub ( Dasiphora fruticosa )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Rose-like (rosales)
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Rosoideae
Genre : Potentilla
Type : Finger bush
Scientific name
Potentilla fruticosa
L.

The finger shrub ( Potentilla fruticosa L, Syn .: Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb.), Also called shrub cinquefoil , is a species of the genus Potentilla . In some authors, however, it is also placed in the genus Dasiphora .

description

Illustration (chalice and secondary chalice are shown separately)
Radially symmetrical, five-fold flower in detail
ripe fruits

Vegetative characteristics

The finger shrub is an upright shrub that reaches heights of 20 to 100 centimeters. The bark is brownish red and flakes off in long shreds.

The alternately arranged leaves are divided into short petioles and a leaf blade. The rough leaf blade is pinnate to three to five parts. The leaflets are sessile, elongated-lanceolate, narrowed in a wedge shape at the base, blunt at the tip and with entire margins. The top is dark green, the bottom is a little lighter and abundantly hairy.

Generative characteristics

The flowers are located individually or to a few terminally on the leafy branches. The flower stalk is hairy.

The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry . The flower base is cone-shaped. There is an additional, narrow-lanceolate outer calyx. The sepals are broadly ovate with a length of 8 millimeters. The petals are up to 12 millimeters long, rounded, wider than long and suddenly contracted at the base. The upper side is golden yellow, the underside matt yellow. There are about 25 stamens .

The numerous nuts are mostly hairy.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14, 28 or 42.

Habit in Russia

Occurrence

The wide, disjoint distribution area of the finger shrub stretches from Spain , France (Pyrenees and Maritime Alps), Italy , Great Britain, Ireland , Sweden , Bulgaria , Estonia , Latvia , Russia to the Caucasus , Kazakhstan , China , Japan , Siberia to Mongolia and includes also Canada and the United States. However, this large total circumpolar area does not form a continuous distribution area. From the gap in the natural distribution in Central Europe, only a few occurrences that can be traced back to naturalization from plantings are known, for example from Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France.

The occurrences in the French Pyrenees and Maritime Alps are 800–2200 m above sea level in subalpine and alpine fens and on the banks of streams, rarely also in mesophilic lawns and on rocks. In China, the finger shrub thrives on rocks in forests, on the edges of forests and in bushes, on mountain meadows and on grassy mountain slopes at altitudes of 400 to 5000 meters.

Systematics

Depending on the author, Dasiphora fruticosa differentiates between several subspecies and varieties, e.g. B. the subspecies:

  • Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb. subsp. fruticosa : It occurs in Great Britain, Ireland, Estonia, Latvia and Sweden, also in India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan and in the temperate areas of Asia.
  • Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb. subsp. floribunda (Pursh) Kartesz : It occurs in southern Europe, Asia, Canada and the United States.

use

The finger shrub is often used as an ornamental plant in gardens and parks and is wild in places. There are numerous forms of culture.

literature

  • Gunter Steinbach (Ed.): Shrub trees (Steinbach's natural guide). Mosaik Verlag GmbH, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10560-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 536.
  2. ^ A b Dasiphora in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 12, 2017.
  3. ↑ Andreas Roloff, Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use . 2nd Edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-8001-4832-5 , pp. 464 : “Distribution: Europe: Spain, France, Italy, Balkan Peninsula, British Isles, Sweden, Russia; Caucasus, Himalaya, N-Asia, Japan, Alaska, Canada, USA: Northeast, Northeast-Central, Northern Prairie States, Rocky Mts., Southwest, Northwest, California; Greenland."
  4. ↑ Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald (arrangement): Exkursionsflora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd Edition. Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 , p. 485 : "Homeland: relictly disjunct in Ireland, England, Sweden, the Baltic States, in the SW Alps and in SE and S European mountains, otherwise in the Urals, in Asia and North America."
  5. ↑ Here at least since the early 20th century. - Franz Niedenzu (ed.): August Garcke’s illustrated flora of Germany . 22nd edition. Paul Parey publishing house, Berlin 1922, p. 433 ( archive.org ): "Every now and then planted in grounds and rarely overgrown."
  6. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , p. 536 : "rarely overgrown."
  7. ↑ Network Phytodiversität Deutschlands e. V. (NetPhyD), Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) (Ed.): Distribution atlas of fern and flowering plants in Germany . Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn-Bad Godesberg 2013, ISBN 978-3-7843-5319-7 (The species was not recorded. That means at least no indigenous occurrence.).
  8. ^ Thuringia: Hans-Joachim Zündorf, Karl-Friedrich Günther, Heiko Korsch, Werner Westhus: Flora of Thuringia. The wild fern and flowering plants of Thuringia . Weissdorn-Verlag, Jena 2006, ISBN 3-936055-09-2 , p. 579 (two-line note in the appendix “Inconsistent or feral species”).
  9. ^ Baden-Württemberg: Oskar Sebald : Potentilla . In: Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold , Georg Philippi (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . tape 3 . Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3314-8 , p. 110–152, here p. 112 : “The species can occasionally run wild. (...) However, reliable observations on self-sowing do not appear to be available from Baden-Württemberg. ” - Potentilla fruticosa L. In: The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg: Current distribution. State Museum for Natural History Stuttgart (only 33 observations from 24 quadrants, without status differentiation).;
  10. ↑ Bavaria: Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb. - shrub cinquefoil. In: Botanical Information Node Bavaria: Profiles on the vascular plants of Bavaria. SNSB IT Center, Botanical State Collection Munich (only “synanthropic, cultivated, inconsistent” and occasionally “anointed” (data status: 02.07.2020)).;
  11. ↑ Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald (arrangement): Exkursionsflora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd Edition. Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 , p. 485 : "Often cultivated, ornamental shrub, rarely feral."
  12. ↑ Potentilla fruticosa L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved on August 17, 2020. (On the map, squares denote occurrences with the status “introduced / feral / subspontaneous”; most of the observations date from the period after 2006. General: “Status: (...) cultivated neophyte”.)
  13. ↑ Apart from the Pyrenees and the Maritime Alps, most of the country is rarely overgrown. - Jean-Marc Tison, Bruno de Foucault, Société botanique de France: Flora Gallica. Flore de France . 1st edition, 2nd printing (with numerous corrections). Biotope Éditions, Mèze 2014, ISBN 978-2-36662-012-2 , p. 983 (French): «R [= rare] Alpes-Maritimes, Pyrénées; 800-2,200 m; ailleurs cultivé et rarement échappé. »
  14. ↑ David Aeschimann, Konrad Lauber, Daniel Martin Moser, Jean-Paul Theurillat: Flora alpina. An atlas of all 4500 vascular plants in the Alps . tape 1 . Haupt-Verlag, Bern / Stuttgart / Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-258-06600-0 , p. 762 (The schematic map of the natural distribution shows occurrences in the Pyrenees, in the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Italian province of Cuneo and in the Balkans, none in the other regions of the Alps.).
  15. ^ Jean-Marc Tison, Bruno de Foucault, Société botanique de France: Flora Gallica. Flore de France . 1st edition, 2nd printing (with numerous corrections). Biotope Éditions, Mèze 2014, ISBN 978-2-36662-012-2 , p. 983 (French): “800–2200 m (...) bas-marais subalpins et alpins, bords des ruisseaux, rarement pelouses mésophiles et rocailles. »
  16. ↑ Li Chaoluan (Li Chao-luang), Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba: Potentilla fruticosa Linnaeus , p. 292 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 9: Rosaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 .

Web links

Commons : Fingerstrauch ( Dasiphora fruticosa )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files