Franz Fischer (chemist)

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Franz Fischer

Franz Joseph Emil Fischer (born March 19, 1877 in Freiburg im Breisgau , † December 1, 1947 in Munich ) was a German chemist . With Hans Tropsch he developed the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for the artificial production of fuels in 1925 .

Live and act

After studying, among other things in Freiburg , Munich and Giessen , where he in 1901 at KARL ELBS with the work to electrolysis of sulfuric acid with lead anodes doctorate was followed in 1904 the Habilitation and then research assistant at Emil Fischer at the Friedrich-Wilhelms University . In 1911 Fischer was also appointed professor at the Technical University in Berlin . In 1913 he became the founding director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Coal Research in Mülheim an der Ruhr . After Fischer joined the NSDAP in 1933 , he remained in office until his retirement in 1943. Fischer had been a "Scientific Member" of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society since 1913, after his retirement in 1943 he was an "External Scientific Member" of the institute until his death. His successor was Karl Ziegler , who later won the Nobel Prize .

In addition, in 1919 Fischer, together with the Lord Mayor of Essen Hans Luther , the civil engineer and technical editor Heinrich Reisner and the banker Wilhelm von Waldthausen, was one of the co-founders of the “Society for Science and Life in the Rhenish-Westphalian Industrial Area” as the new “ Umbrella society for scientific, cultural and economic endeavors ”. The House of Technology in Essen was built on their initiative in 1927 . In 1932 Fischer was elected to the Leopoldina Scholars' Academy . In 1936 he was awarded the Wilhelm Exner Medal .

In 1959 a street in Mülheim an der Ruhr was named after Franz Fischer. In Berlin, the building of the Institute for Technical Chemistry of the Technical University of Berlin was named after Franz Fischer until 2010 in Strasse des 17. Juni 124.

literature

  • Helmut Pichler, Franz Fischer 1877-1947 , Chemical Reports 100 , CXXVII – CLVII (1967) ( doi: 10.1002 / cber.19671000642 ).
  • Berthold Peter Anft:  Fischer, Franz Joseph Emil. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 184 ( digitized version ).
  • Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . 2nd updated edition. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005, p. 152.
  • Manfred Rasch : History of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Coal Research 1913–1943 . VCH, Weinheim 1989.
  • Manfred Rasch: coal research and electrochemical power generation. From the research history of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Coal Research in Mülheim an der Ruhr . In: History of Technology. 58: 127-150 (1991).
  • Manfred Rasch: Franz Fischer (1877-1947): Life and research . In: Journal of the Mülheim an der Ruhr History Association. No. 70 (1998), pp. 86-128.
  • Manfred Rasch: Franz Fischer - institute director, inventor and entrepreneur. In: Horst A. Wessel (Ed.): Mülheim entrepreneurs and pioneers in the 19th and 20th centuries. Klartext, Essen 2012, pp. 318–327.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ biographical data, publications and Academic pedigree of Franz Fischer at academictree.org, accessed on February 6, 2018th
  2. ↑ Franz Joseph Emil Fischer accessed on July 27, 2020 in Wilhelmexner.org
personal data
SURNAME Fischer, Franz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fischer, Franz Joseph Emil (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH March 19, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH Freiburg in Breisgau
DATE OF DEATH December 1, 1947
Place of death Munich